Introduction to Linguistics(Session 14:

Sociolinguistics)Edi Brata

Mathla’ul Anwar University

What is Sociolinguistics?

It is the study of the relationship between language and society.

The British Vs. The America

• Do they use different language?• Which one is better, British English or

American English?

Malaysia Vs. Indonesia

Indonesia MalaysiaKementerian Hukum dan

HAMKementerian Tuduh

Menuduh Kementerian Agama Kementerian Tak Berdosa

Angkatan Laut  Angkatan Basah KuyupMerayap Bersetubuh Dengan Bumi

Purnawirawan Militer Pasukan Tak BergunaRumah Sakit Bersalin Hospital Korban LelakiMenteri Kehutanan Menteri Semak Belukar

Belok Kiri, Belok Kanan Pusing Kiri, Pusing KananBuldozer Setrika Bumi

Malaysia Vs. Indonesia

• Do they use different language?• Which one is better, Indonesian or

Malaysian?

• The language of an individual speaker with its unique characteristics is referred to as the speaker's idiolect.

• Dialect is the variety of a language spoken in a region includes particular or unique regional vocabulary, grammar, usage, syntax and accent.

• Accent is the way that words are pronounced when spoken by individuals in a region.

Idiolect, Dialect, and Accent

Dialect

Regionally

Socially

Phonologically Accent

• Verbal repertoire is defined as the ability to communicate in a variety of languages  to others in a variety of speech.

• Language society is a group of people who have the same relative verbal repertoire.

Verbal Repertoire and Language Society

• User-related varieties: Slang characterized by temporary new

terms Jargon/Argot/Ken terms used and

understood by definite community• Use-related varieties Register/Style

The use of language based on the situation job interview/ academic presentation/ joking/ talking to small children/ talking to parent

Language Variety

Language in ContactLingua Franca:A language that often used by common agreement in such areas among speakers of other languages for social or commercial communication.Pidgin:A language develops when two native speakers of different language groups are trying to create a means of communication.Creole:A pidgin language develops when language becomes the native language for the community and the children begin to learn as their first language.

• An individual who speaks two languages, usually with equal ease, is bilingual.

• Diglossia is used for a speech community where two languages or dialects are spoken.

Bilingualism and Diglossia

•Setting/ Scene (time, place)•Participants•Ends (Goals)•Act Sequences (content)•Key (tone, mood, manner)•Instrumentalities (spoken, written)•Norms of Interaction (politeness)•Genres (poem, story, conversation)

Speech Event

• The acts that may be performed by a speaker in making an utterance as stating, asking, requesting, advising, warning, or persuading.

• It considers the terms of content of the message, the intention of the speaker, and the effect on the listener.

Speech Act

• Interference is norm deviations occur in bilingual speech because of its familiarity to more than one language, which is due to language contact.

• Integration occurs when elements of other languages used in a particular language are accepted become member of that language.

Interference and Integration

• Grammatical Interference1. She very loves her brother.2. He read with slow.3. As long as holiday, I was very bored.

• Phonological Interference/mBandung/

Interference

Code Switching

Adopted from Cinta Laura Kiehl's official blog:

How are you all?? At last I'm posting again!!  Blog ini rusak 1 bulan. 

Adopted from Cinta Laura Kiehl's official blog:

How are you all?? At last I'm posting again!!  Blog ini rusak 1 bulan. 

Code Switching is switching between two or more languages, or

language varieties, in the context of a single conversation

Code Mixing

Quoted from a student blog:

Skip intro yang terlalu pahit untuk pagi seindah ini, kita mulai hari Senin ini dengan kata "I'm ready for today".

Quoted from a student blog:

Skip intro yang terlalu pahit untuk pagi seindah ini, kita mulai hari Senin ini dengan kata "I'm ready for today".

Taken from President SBY’s speech:

Inilah yang mendongkrak perekonomian kita sekarang ini, dan insya Allah growth itu akan menjadi lebih sustain.

Taken from President SBY’s speech:

Inilah yang mendongkrak perekonomian kita sekarang ini, dan insya Allah growth itu akan menjadi lebih sustain.

PenjualPembeli Penjual

Pembeli PenjualPembeli Penjual

Pembeli

Penjual

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:

:

Monggo masOno pembungkus tas mas?Pembungkus tas? O… cover to sing dimaksudIyo, sing anti airSing tas karier apa yang day pac?Tas ranselSing selawe liter lagi kosong mas, kari warna pinkWahaha, yo gak lucu koyo cewek ae. Kapan ono anek maneh mas?InsyaAllah Minggu ngarep, soale Minggu iki lagi blonjo.

Code Mixing refers to the mixing of two or more languages or language

varieties in speech.