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Created by: Arave
Flowchart
Example flowchartProblem: Add 2 numbersPseudo code
1. Begin
2. Read number 1
3. Read number 2
4. Add number 1 & number 2
5. End
Begin
Read number 1
Read number 2
Answer = no1 + no2
End
Example C Programming#include <stdio.h> //Preprocessor Directives
int main (){//Local Declaration int a, b, sum;
//Statements printf("Enter two numbers\n: "); scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
//Operation sum = a + b;
//Output printf("The total is:%d", sum);
getch (); return 0;}
C Structure
Preprocessor Directives
Global Declaration
void main(){
}
Local Declaration
Statements
Preprocessor Directives
First statement executed by compiler
Begin with a pound sign or hash ( # )
Example : #include and #define
Header Files/Libraries
Header files have the extension .h
two ways to include a header file:1. #include "stdio.h" 2. #include <stdio.h>
Example
#include <stdio.h>#include <stlib.h>
void main(){
printf("Hello world!!!");
}
Header files
Input (printf)
How to transfer/store the data to computer
Interactive – keyboard, touch screen, mouse – response from user
User understand type of input data
Example
void main(){ int num1; printf(“Key-in number: "); //Input scanf(“%d”,&num1);
.
.
.
.
.
. return 0;}
Single quote\’
double quote\”
backslash\\
Bell or a beep\a
backspace\b
Vertical tab\v
Horizontal tab\t
New line\n
functionsEscape sequence
Input (scanf)
Address in which user input store temporary
Symbol ‘&’ referred to address to the variable
Example
void main(){ int num1; //variable
printf(“Key-in number: "); //Input
scanf(“%d”,&num1); ......
return 0;}
%sstring
%ldlong int
%lfdouble
%cchar
%ffloat
%d, %iint
scanf Format Specifier
Variable type
Type of arithmetic operator
Substraction-
Addition+
Modulus%
Division and integer division/
Multiplication*
MeaningType
Unary Operator
i-=1;i=i-1;Prefix--i;--
i+=1;i=i+1;Prefix++i;++i-=1;i=i-1;Postfixi--;--
i+=1;i=i+1;Postfixi++;++Statements
EquivalentDescriptionExampleOperator
Order of precedence
• Arithmetic Operation Priority
High Priority
( ) left to right++, -- left to right* , /, % left to right+ , - left to right
Type of Relational Operator
x!=y
x<=y
x>=y
x<y
x>y
x==y
Example
Not equal to!=
less or equal<=
greater or equal
>=
less than<
greater than>
equal to==
DescriptionOperator
Type of Logical Operator
NOT
OR
ANDMeaning
!(x>=y)
((x<y)||(x!=0))
((x<y)&&(x!=0))
Example
!
||
&&Operator
Thank You!