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Mental Retardat ion

Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

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Page 1: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

MentalRetardation

Page 2: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

• founded in1876• world’s oldest & largest organization

concerned about MR & other DD• at present, it is now called AAIDD

(American Association on Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities)

American Association on Mental Retardation (AAMR)

Page 3: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

1. Complex condition

Perspectives onMental Retardation

2. Developmental disability

3. Limitations in major activities of life

MR is not a trait but rather a condition

Person with MR suffers from delays on development

Limitations in the adaptive skills4. Heterogeneous group of people with varying needs

The condition is accepted to be changeable

Page 4: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

1. Substantial limitations in present functioning

Mental Retardation(1992)

2. Significantly sub-average intellectual functioning

3. Limitations in the adaptive skills

Person has difficulty in performing everyday activities

Person has significantly below average intelligence

Fail to meet the standards of personal independence and social responsibility

4. Manifests before age 18

Page 5: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

1. Mild MR (55-70 pts)

Classification ofMental Retardation

2. Moderate MR (40-54 pts)

3. Severe MR (25-39 pts)

Cannot be distinguished unless they enter school

Good in self-care skills

May learn to talk, perform tasks if supervised

4. Profound MR (below 25 pts)Can understand but little ability to talk

Page 6: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

• VERY SUPERIOR (Over 130 pts)

Classification ofMental Retardation

• PROFOUND MR (below 25 pts)

• Superior (120-130 pts)• High average (110-120 pts)

• AVERAGE (90-110 pts)• Low average (80-90 pts)

• Severe MR (25-39 pts)

• Mild MR (55-70 pts)• Moderate MR (40-54 pts)

• Borderline (70-80 pts)

Page 7: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

1. Milder forms

2 Classifications(Current books)

2. More Severe forms• Moderate type of MR• Severe type of MR• Profound type of MR

*Educable MR and Trainable MR• No longer used

Page 8: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

1. Intermittent supports

AAMR/AAIDD’sNew System of Classification

2. Limited supports

3. Extensive supports

As needed basis

Required consistently, but not on a daily basis

Needed on a regular basis

4. Pervasive supportsDaily extensive supports

Page 9: Intellectual Disability (formerly known as Mental Retardation)

end• 14 ½ years old• 5’3” tall• Medium built• Has microcephaly

Case Study of Raymond N.

Question: Is MR/ID curable?Answer: No.

• Normal at birth• Growth & development

was different• Profound MR