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This presentation explores 21st century challenges and possibilities in infusing learning, thinking, creativity and innovation into the teaching and learning environment (Higher Education).
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Infusing 21st Century Infusing 21st Century
Thinking Skills Into the Thinking Skills Into the
T&L EnvironmentT&L EnvironmentT&L EnvironmentT&L Environment
Zaid Ali AlsagoffZaid Ali Alsagoff
EE--Learning ManagerLearning ManagerINCEIFINCEIF
[email protected]@gmail.com
WARNING: THIS MAN IS NOTTHINKING CRITICALLY!!
Why?Why?
Source: http://profmulder.home.att.net/introwhatis.htm
Do You Do You Agree?Agree?
““We want the development of modal We want the development of modal
insaninsan (model citizen), students who (model citizen), students who
can can think criticallythink critically and and creativelycreatively, ,
who are able to who are able to solve problemssolve problems and and Why?Why?
have the have the ability to adaptability to adapt themselves themselves
to an everto an ever--changing global changing global
environment.”environment.”
Blueprint Blueprint for Education Development (2006 for Education Development (2006 –– 2010)2010)
* During the launch of the National Education Blueprint 2006-2010 at the Putrajaya International Convention Centre 16/01-2007.
Do You Agree? Why?Do You Agree? Why?Do You Agree? Why?Do You Agree? Why?The National Education Blueprint is aimed at bringing about a major change in the education system.
Below we compare the characteristics of a student today and what the blueprint promises in 2010 (NST, 18/01-2007).
The Student in 2007 The Student in 2010
Lacks confidence Self-confident
Lacks communication skills Able to communicate well
Lacks leadership skills Has leadership skills
May not be able to speak proper English Able to speak good English
You must unlearn what you have learned.
Too dependent on tuition Won’t be dependent on tuition
Does not mix freely with students of other races Mixes freely with students of other races
Studies in a very exam-oriented environment Studies in an environment that is not too exam-oriented
Not IT-savvy Is IT-savvy
Not creative and innovative Is creative and innovative
May not take part in co-curricular activities Takes part in more co-curricular activities
May not know how to read, write and count Has no problems with reading, writing orcounting
Is not very marketable More marketable
CONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTS
1. Critical Thinking?1. Critical Thinking?
2. Thinking Skills 2. Thinking Skills 6. Conclusion6. Conclusion
3. Challenges 3. Challenges
4. Possibilities 4. Possibilities
5. Case Study5. Case Study
“Some people study all their life and at their
death they have learned everything except
to THINK” – Francois Domergue
Why doesn’t SHESHE like me?Why doesn’t HEHE like me?
As you start asking questions and As you start asking questions and
seek answers, you are in fact thinking.seek answers, you are in fact thinking.
Good Good Thinking isThinking is…?…?
CLEARCLEAR……….....rather than........UNCLEAR
ACCURATEACCURATE …....rather than…….INACCURATE
PRECISEPRECISE……....rather than…….VAGUE
RELEVANTRELEVANT…….rather than…….IRELEVANTRELEVANTRELEVANT…….rather than…….IRELEVANT
CONSISTENTCONSISTENT….rather than……INCONSISTENT
LOGICALLOGICAL……….rather than……ILLOGICAL
COMPLETECOMPLETE……rather than……INCOMPLETE
FAIRFAIR…………….rather than…....BIASED
Source: http://www.fctl.ucf.edu/tresources/content/Ruland-CriticalThinkingStandards.pdf
Interesting Findings!Interesting Findings!Interesting Findings!Interesting Findings!
�According to a California study (1995), 89%89% of faculty said critical thinking was a primary objective primary objective but…
19%19%�Only 19%19% could give a clear definition clear definition and…
�Only 9%9% were teachingteaching for critical thinking on a typical class day.
Source: http://www.criticalthinking.org/about/centerforCT.shtml
What What is Critical Thinkingis Critical Thinking??What What is Critical Thinkingis Critical Thinking??
Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking is the general term given to a wide range of cognitive and intellectual skills needed to:
� Effectively identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments.
How do I
memorize
the ‘OPEN OPEN
ENDEDENDED’
question?
� Discover and overcome personal prejudices and biases.
� Formulate and present convincing reasons in support of conclusions.
� Make reasonable, intelligent decisions about what to believe and what to do.
Bloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s Taxonomy
AnalysisAnalysis
SynthesisSynthesis
EvaluationEvaluation
how is ‘it’ structured
How does ‘it’ relate
Does ‘it’ have a value
HigherHigher--Level Level HigherHigher--Level Level
ThinkingThinking
© 2006 Universiti Tun Abdul Razak
(UNITAR)
KnowledgeKnowledge
ComprehensionComprehension
Application
AnalysisAnalysis
Remember ‘it’
using ‘it’
what does ‘It’ mean
structured
Lower-level Lower-level
Thinking
Bloom’s Taxonomy Bloom’s Taxonomy (Revised)(Revised)HigherHigher--Level Level
ThinkingThinking
EvaluateEvaluate
CreateCreate
AnalyzeAnalyze
Generating new ideas, products,
processes, or ways of viewing
things.
Lower-level
Thinking
AnalyzeAnalyze
ApplyApply
UnderstandUnderstand
RememberRemember
Adapted from: http://www.kurwongbss.qld.edu.au/thinking/Bloom/blooms.htm
Characteristics of a Critical Thinker? Characteristics of a Critical Thinker? Characteristics of a Critical Thinker? Characteristics of a Critical Thinker?
Do you have the COURAGE and PASSION to take initiative and confront problems and meet challenges?
Are you AWARE of your own biases and preconceptions?
Do you have INDEPENDENT opinions and are not afraid to disagree?
Are you HONEST to yourself (or others) when you are wrong?
Adapted from (p.21) URL: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0767417399/
Characteristics Characteristics of a Critical of a Critical Thinker? Thinker? Characteristics Characteristics of a Critical of a Critical Thinker? Thinker?
Are you able to get to the HEART OF AN ISSUE or problem, without being distracted by details?
Do you love the TRUTH and are CURIOUS about a wide range of issues?
Adapted from (p.21) URL: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0767417399/
Do you listen OPEN-MINDEDLY to opposing points of view?
Do you WELCOME CRITICISM?
The Force,I sense is with
you, IF YOU DOIF YOU DO.
“The whole art of teaching is only the
art of awakening the natural curiosity of
young minds.” - Anatole France
Do You Agree? Do You Agree? Do You Agree? Do You Agree? Why is Why is
IMAGINIATIONIMAGINIATIONso Important? I so Important? I
Need input from Need input from
you!you!you!you!
QuestionQuestionQuestionQuestionHow would you design
Donald Trump ’s bathroom?
Adapted from: http://www.flickr.com/photos/valpopando/2270327999/
To Nurture Critical Thinking, Focus on…To Nurture Critical Thinking, Focus on…
Problem solving
Meta-cognitionLearning
Decision Making
Evaluating
SynthesizingAnalyzing
Collaborating
Inventing
CommunicatingReasoning
Networking
Route 21 Route 21 Route 21 Route 21 •• Critical ThinkingCritical Thinking
•• Problem SolvingProblem Solving
•• Creativity Creativity
•• InnovationInnovation
•• CommunicationCommunication
•• CollaborationCollaboration
URL: http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/route21/
A Roadmap For 21A Roadmap For 21 stst Century LearningCentury Learning
Five Minds for the FutureFive Minds for the FutureFive Minds for the FutureFive Minds for the Future
Howard Gardner Howard Gardner
Video: http://forum.wgbh.org/wgbh/forum.php?lecture_id=3560
Book: http://www.amazon.com/Five-Minds-Future-Howard-Gardner/dp/1591399122
Image Source: http://isaiahlim.files.wordpress.com/2006/10/5minds.gif
“We are currently preparing students for jobs that
don’t yet exist, using technologies that haven’t yet
been invented, in order to solve problems we don’t
even know are problems yet.” - Karl Fisch
Source: http://shifthappens.wikispaces.com/
“The amount of new technical information
is doubling every 2 years.
For students starting a four-year technical
or college degree, this means that half of
what they learn in their first year of study what they learn in their first year of study
will be outdated by their third year of
study.”
Source: http://shifthappens.wikispaces.com/
Challenges from a…Challenges from a…Challenges from a…Challenges from a…
……pointpoint--ofof--viewview ..……pointpoint--ofof--viewview ..
HOW DO WE NURTURE…HOW DO WE NURTURE…HOW DO WE NURTURE…HOW DO WE NURTURE…
��Global GraduatesGlobal Graduates�Students for jobs not yet inventedjobs not yet invented� 21st Century skills required in the workplacerequired in the workplace�The Net GenerationNet Generation� Students’ Language Barrier Language Barrier to Thinking�Students for the Innovation EconomyInnovation Economy��OurselvesOurselves to become 21 st Century…
““Learn, relearn and unlearn!Learn, relearn and unlearn!””
“It’s Not ADD—I’m Just Not Listening! ”
*ADD - Attention Deficit Disorder
Quote: http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERM0553.pdf
MaturesMaturesBabyBaby
BoomersBoomers
GenerationGeneration
XX
NetNet
GenerationGeneration
Birth Dates 1900–1946 1946–1964 1965–1982 19821982––19911991
Description Greatest generation Me generation Latchkey
generationMillennials
Attributes Command and Optimistic Independent Hopeful
The Net Generation?The Net Generation?
Attributes Command and
control
Self-sacrifice
Optimistic
Workaholic
Independent
ScepticalHopeful
Determined
Likes Respect for authority
Family
Community
involvement
Responsibility
Work ethic
Can-do attitude
Freedom
Multitasking
Work-life
balance
Public activism
Latest
technology
Parents
Dislikes Waste
Technology
Laziness
Turning 50
Red tape
HypeAnything slow
Negativity
Source: http://www.educause.edu/educatingthenetgen/5989
Time to Time to Time to Time to
study?study?
The Net Generation’s The Net Generation’s
Online Learning Space!Online Learning Space!
The Language Barrier to Thinking…The Language Barrier to Thinking…
Language is a powerful tool that enables
you to articulate/express your thoughts,
feelings, and experiences symbolically.
It is probably the
“I know what I want to say, but I justI just can’t find the right words.”can’t find the right words.”“I know what I want to say, but I justI just can’t find the right words.”can’t find the right words.”
It is probably the
most important
tool your thinking
process has.
Think in one language, Think in one language,
articulate in another!articulate in another!The relationshiprelationship between thinking and language between thinking and language
is interactiveis interactive; both processes are continuously
influencing each other in many ways.
Clear and precise language leads to Clear and precise language leads to Clear and precise language leads to Clear and precise language leads to clear and precise thinking.clear and precise thinking.
Clear LanguageClear LanguageSpecificDistinctPrecise Accurate
Clear ThinkingClear ThinkingSpecificDistinctPrecise Accurate
Nurturing students for the…?Nurturing students for the…?
BioBioITIT
BitsBits GenesGenes
Photons
NeuroNeuroNanoNano
AtomsAtoms NeuronsNeurons
Qubits
“The Innovation economy is coming. It will bring sweeping global change that affects
everyone…Those who embrace innovation and adapt quickly will Those who embrace innovation and adapt quickly will
winwin…The Innovation economy is a revolution in how individuals use ideas, knowledge,
and conduct commerce.” – James Canton
2121stst Century EducatorCentury EducatorChallengeChallenge
Content Vs Process Content Vs Process �������� Mindset ChangeMindset ChangeTech savvyTech savvy
LearningLearning--orientedorientedEngagingEngaging
SensitiveSensitive
EmpathyEmpathy
No Time To Think!No Time To Think!I don’t have time for I don’t have time for
this nonsense!
I got to cover 17
chapters in 14
weeks!
“Teaching is not rocket science. It is, in fact,
far more complex and demanding work than
rocket science.” - Richard F. Elmore
Should I Consider Moving?Should I Consider Moving?Should I Consider Moving?Should I Consider Moving?
One One
Line?Line?
Imagine the pattern of dots below
drawn on a sheet of paper.
Your task is to join all nine dots using only four four
straight linesstraight lines, without lifting your pencil from
the paper and without retracing the lines.
Ways to Infuse…Ways to Infuse…Ways to Infuse…Ways to Infuse…
DirectlyIndirectly
Thinking Into All Subjects Teach Thinking Skills
Both you do,I sense
SUCCESSSUCCESS.
Connectivisim
Experiential learning
Constructive Alignment
Action Learning
Andragogy
Ubuntugogy
Ergonagy
Constructivism
Technogogy
Sensory Stimulation TheoryReinforcement theory
Cognitive-Gestalt approaches
Facilitation theory
Heutagogy
Andragogy
Cognitivism
More: http://tip.psychology.org/index.html
Behaviorism
Course Goals
Learning Outcomes
Constructive AlignmentConstructive Alignment
"Good teaching is getting most students to use the higher cognitive level processes that the more academic students use spontaneously.” -John Biggs
Learning Activities Assessment
AlignmentAlignment
Kinaesthetic/PracticalKinaesthetic/Practical Interpersonal/SocialInterpersonal/Social
Naturalist/EnvironmentalistNaturalist/EnvironmentalistMusical/RhythmicMusical/Rhythmic
Visual/SpatialVisual/Spatial
Logical/MathematicalLogical/Mathematical
Verbal/AudioVerbal/Audio
Intrapersonal/SelfIntrapersonal/Self
Gaming/SimulationGaming/Simulation
REFLECT DEEPLY!REFLECT DEEPLY!
VideotapesVideotapes Role Play Role Play
Panel of Experts Panel of Experts
GamesGames
SimulationSimulation
Field TripsField Trips
InterviewsInterviews
LectureLecture
DiscussionDiscussion
BrainstormingBrainstorming
Small Group DiscussionSmall Group DiscussionDebateDebate
Guest SpeakerGuest Speaker
Lab ExperimentsLab Experiments
PresentationsPresentations
The Learning Pyramid?Average
retention rate
50%50%
75%75%
Discussion Group
Practice by Doing
Teaching Others 90%90%
5%5%
10%10%
20%20%
30%30%
50%50%
Adapted from: http://www.geography.utoledo.edu/eod/Learning%20Pyramid.jpg
Lecture
Reading
Audiovisual
Demonstration
Discussion Group
Let’s explore 12 rules about how our Let’s explore 12 rules about how our BRAIN learns….BRAIN learns….Let’s explore 12 rules about how our Let’s explore 12 rules about how our BRAIN learns….BRAIN learns….
1.1. EXERCISEEXERCISE - Exercise boosts brain power.
2.2. SURVIVALSURVIVAL - The human brain evolved, too.
3.3. WIRINGWIRING - Every brain is wired differently.
4.4. ATTENTIONATTENTION - We don't pay attention to boring things.
5.5. SHORTSHORT--TERM TERM MEMORYMEMORY - Repeat to remember.
6.6. LONGLONG--TERM TERM MEMORYMEMORY - Remember to repeat.
Source: http://www.brainrules.net/
Before Teaching anything, let’s explore Before Teaching anything, let’s explore 12 rules about our BRAIN….12 rules about our BRAIN….Before Teaching anything, let’s explore Before Teaching anything, let’s explore 12 rules about our BRAIN….12 rules about our BRAIN….
7.7. SLEEPSLEEP - Sleep well, think well.
8.8. STRESSSTRESS - Stressed brains don't learn the same way.
9.9. SENSORY SENSORY INTEGRATION INTEGRATION - Stimulate more of the senses.
10.10.VISIONVISION - Vision trumps all other senses.
11.11.GENDERGENDER - Male and female brains are different.
12.12.EXPLORATIONEXPLORATION - We are powerful and natural explorers.
Source: http://www.brainrules.net/
REMEMBER!REMEMBER!REMEMBER!REMEMBER!“If If keeping someone’s keeping someone’s attention in attention in a a
lecture was a business, lecture was a business, it would it would have have an 80% failure ratean 80% failure rate .“
- Dr. John Medina- Dr. John Medina
Source: http://www.brainrules.net/
Tips!Tips!Tips!Tips!�After 10 minutes, audience attention steadily drops.�Do something emotionally relevant at each 10-
minute mark to regain attention (story, video, activity, etc.)
Learning SpacesLearning Spaces
Source: http://www.educause.edu/LearningSpaces/10569
Constructing Learning spaces that Constructing Learning spaces that inspire inspire
students to think and learnstudents to think and learn
Source: http://www.educause.edu/LearningSpaces/10569
If you cannot afford, why not build one in If you cannot afford, why not build one in
Second LifeSecond Life……
Second Life: http://secondlife.com/
Or explore the wonders outside…Or explore the wonders outside…
Attribute ListingAttribute Listing
Curriculum Framing QuestionsCurriculum Framing Questions
Five Ws and HFive Ws and H
Force Field AnalysisForce Field Analysis
ProvocationProvocationSWOT AnalysisSWOT Analysis
Socratic QuestioningSocratic Questioning
Concept FanConcept Fan
CoRTCoRTDisney Creativity StrategyDisney Creativity StrategyDO ITDO IT
Ishikawa DiagramIshikawa Diagram
Mind MappingMind Mapping
Reframing MatrixReframing Matrix
Six Thinking HatsSix Thinking Hats
180180++ Thinking Tools: Thinking Tools: http://www.mycoted.com/Category:Creativity_Techniques
What is a Thinking Tool?What is a Thinking Tool?
A Thinking Thinking ToolTool is an instrument that can help us in using our minds systematically, collectively
and effectively. With the use of thinking tools, the intended ideas will be arranged more
systematically, clearly, and easy to be understood.
Edward de BonoEdward de Bono
“The six thinking hats is a method “The six thinking hats is a method
for doing one sort of thinking at a time.”for doing one sort of thinking at a time.”
ObjectiveObjectiveNegativeNegative
ProcessProcess
CreativeCreative
PositivePositiveFeelingsFeelings
Benefits of Using 6 Thinking HatsBenefits of Using 6 Thinking HatsBenefits of Using 6 Thinking HatsBenefits of Using 6 Thinking Hats
�Role-playing (Put the hat on, take the hat off, switch hats, and signal your thinking)
�Encourage creative, parallel and lateral thinking �Improve communication �Speed up decision making �Speed up decision making �Avoid debate �Detaching the Ego�Occasional Use (Single Hat)�Sequence Use
White Hat White Hat -- ObjectiveObjective
Facts, Figures, Data and InformationFacts, Figures, Data and Information
Questions:
• What information do we have here?
• What information is missing?
• What information would we like to have?
• How are we going to get the information?
Red Hat Red Hat –– FeelingsFeelingsRed Hat Red Hat –– FeelingsFeelings
Feelings, Intuition, Emotions and HunchesFeelings, Intuition, Emotions and Hunches
No need to justify the feelings. How do I feel about this right now?
Examples:�My gut-feeling is that this will not work. �I don't like the way this is being done. �This proposal is terrible. �My intuition tells me that prices will fall soon.
Black Hat Black Hat -- NegativeNegativeBlack Hat Black Hat -- NegativeNegative
Caution, Difficulty, Judgment and Assessment
Questions:�Is this true? �Will it work?
Critical Thinking
�Will it work? �What are the weaknesses? �What is wrong with it?
ThinkingHat
Yellow Hat Yellow Hat -- PositivePositiveYellow Hat Yellow Hat -- PositivePositive
Benefits, Feasibility and OptimismBenefits, Feasibility and Optimism
Questions:�Why is this worth doing? �Why is this worth doing? �What are the benefits? �Why can it be done? �Why will it work?
Green Hat Green Hat -- CreativeCreativeGreen Hat Green Hat -- CreativeCreative
Creative Ideas, Alternatives, Suggestions, and Creative Ideas, Alternatives, Suggestions, and ProposalsProposals
Questions:�Are there any additional alternatives? �Are there any additional alternatives? �Could we do this in a different way? �Could there be another explanation? �What are some possible solutions and courses of
action?
Sequence Use Sequence Use –– Seeking an Idea Seeking an Idea
White Gather available information.
Green Explore and generate alternatives.
Yellow Assess the benefits and feasibility of each alterna tive.
Black Assess the weaknesses of each alternative.
Green Further develop the most promising alternatives and make a choice.
Blue Summarize and assess what has been achieved so far.
Black Make the final judgment on the chosen alternative.
Red Find out the feelings on the outcome.
Sequence Use Sequence Use –– Reacting to a Presented IdeaReacting to a Presented Idea
Red Find out the existing feelings about the idea.
Yellow Find out the benefits in the idea.
Black Point out the weaknesses, problems and dangers in t he idea.
Green See if the idea can be modified to strengthen the y ellow-hat benefits and to overcome the black -hat problems.benefits and to overcome the black -hat problems.
White See if available information can help in modifying the idea to make it more acceptable.
Green Develop the final suggestion.
Black Judge the final suggestion.
Red Find out the feeling on the outcome.
Sequence Use Sequence Use –– Short SequencesShort SequencesSequence Use Sequence Use –– Short SequencesShort Sequences
�Yellow/Black/Red : Quick assessment (idea)�White/Green : Generate ideas�Black/Green : Improve an existing idea�Blue/Green : Summarize & suggest alternatives�Blue/Yellow : Any benefits? (e.g. the idea)�Blue/Yellow : Any benefits? (e.g. the idea)�Etc…
“...Be open“...Be open--minded and creative about minded and creative about the sequence use, too!”the sequence use, too!”
Free Free ee--Learning Learning Tools?Tools?LMS
CMS
Wikis
LCMSRSS
Survey
Virtual WorldsBlogging Chat
Mind maps
Cartoons
Aggregators
Social Networking
Podcasting
© 2005 UNITAR All Rights Reserved
Groups
Digital Library
E-PortfolioGames
Forum
Authoring
Virtual Classroom
QuizCartoons
Social Bookmarking
File Sharing
Instant Messaging
Screencasting
130130++ FREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE eFREE e--------Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!Learning tools for every learning need!URL: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/04/free-learning-tool-for-every-learning.html
MERLOTMERLOT
MIT OCWMIT OCWUT OCWUT OCW
CLOECLOE
ARIADNEARIADNE
eGranary Digital LibraryeGranary Digital Library WikipediaWikipedia
Gutenberg ProjectGutenberg Project
Fathom ArchiveFathom Archive
Harvey Project Harvey Project ICONEXICONEX
PEOIPEOI
JHSPH OCWJHSPH OCW SciQSciQ
W3SchoolsW3Schools
RDNRDN
Free Learning Content?Free Learning Content?
WOW!
© 2005 UNITAR All Rights Reserved
OLIOLIConnexionsConnexions
CAREOCAREOSOFIASOFIA
Stanford on iTunesStanford on iTunes
Tufts OCWTufts OCWUSU OCWUSU OCW
DLORNDLORN
ee--LeeLee
Gutenberg ProjectGutenberg Project
Lydia Global RepositoryLydia Global Repository
OOPSOOPS OpeOpen Yale Coursesn Yale Courses
WebJunctionWebJunction
CORECORE
PEOIPEOI
OAISTEROAISTER
OER + OCW: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/06/university-learning-ocw-oer-free.html
WOW!
Assignment
Project
QuizExam
Portfolio Rubrics
Bloom’s Taxonomy
Assignment
Lab Exercise
Peer-Assessment
Reflective JournalsSolo Taxonomy
Kirkpatrick’s 4 Levels of Evaluation
Solo TaxonomySolo Taxonomy
Biggs, John. (1999) Teaching for Quality Learning at University.
Buckingham: SRHE, p47.
Surface Understanding Deep Understanding
Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of…
New knowledge, skills, or attitudes
Result of training/course as it
relates to different business factors (e.g.
productivity, profit, costs, product/service
quality)?
EvaluationEvaluation
Reaction of learners to
the training/course (e.g.
motivation and
satisfaction)?
Knowledge acquired,
skills improved, or attitudes
changed?
New knowledge, skills, or attitudes
being applied on the job?
“To be playful and serious at the same
time is possible, and it defines the ideal
mental condition.” – John Dewey
Your Your
Answer?Answer?
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
I was asked to lead and transform the
‘Critical Thinking’ ‘Critical Thinking’ course, which is a requirement for all
undergraduate students.
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Course Reengineering Needed?Course Reengineering Needed?
Yes!Yes! Yes!Yes! Yes!Yes! Yes!Yes!
StudentStudent TutorTutor ContentContent PedagogyPedagogy
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Learning?Learning?
TopicsTopics� Critical Thinking
�Thinking Tools
�Arguments
ReasoningReasoning
Course Reengineering Course Reengineering
�
�Fallacies
�Language
�Decision Making
�Problem SolvingCRITICAL CRITICAL
THINKINGTHINKING
SKILLSSKILLS
AnalyzingAnalyzing EvaluatingEvaluating
Decision MakingDecision Making Problem SolvingProblem Solving
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Content Strategy
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
� Warm Up (5 – 15 minutes) A few brain stimulating activities (puzzle, video, question, issue, quote, etc.).
� Lecture & Discussion (30– 40 minutes)Explore, discuss and reflect together with the students the ‘Thinking Menu’ of the day.
Warm UpWarm Up
Lecture &Lecture &
DiscussionDiscussion
F2F Tutorials
� Group Activities (45 - 55 minutes) Small groups (4- 6 participants) collaborate on thinking activities, nurturing also leadership, time management, reasoning, organizing, collaboration, communication, writing and presentation skills.
� Sum Up (5-10 minutes) Summarize the content and synthesize/evaluate/ reflect the group activity findings.
DiscussionDiscussion
Group Group
ActivitiesActivities
Sum UpSum Up
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
AssessmentParticipationParticipation 5%5%
Online ForumsOnline Forums 5%5%
QuizzesQuizzes 15%15%
Group Project ReportGroup Project Report 10%10%
I want more
marks for
participation.
It takes time
to change
the rules.
Group Project ReportGroup Project Report 10%10%
Group Project Presentation Group Project Presentation 15%15%
Final Examination Final Examination 50%50%
TotalTotal 100%100%
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
Case Study Case Study Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively! Coaching Critical Thinking to Think Creatively!
RESULTSRESULTS
�Level 1 – Satisfaction = A- (90%)�Level 2 - Learning = A (92.9% pass)�Level 3 - Application = Some Idea!�Level 4 – Results = No Idea!�Level 4 – Results = No Idea!
“…Thank you for your guidance and not forgetting your lively classes. It's been a month since the exam and I must say all the fallacies learnt remain and is being applied in everyday reading materials and
at workplace with…(Student)”Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/03/coaching-critical-thinking-to-think.html
“A person who asks questions is a “A person who asks questions is a
person who thinksperson who thinks.”.” - William Wilen
LEARNING? LEARNING? LEARNING? LEARNING?
Which expression matches Which expression matches Your Satisfaction Your Satisfaction with this workshop until now?with this workshop until now?
Source: http://www.ridethatpony.com/calvin1.jpg
Success FactorsSuccess FactorsSuccess FactorsSuccess FactorsEducator’s Ability � Subject mastery� Instructional design� Digital literacy� Teaching and facilitation � Emotional Intelligence� Lifelong learning � Thinking infusion � Thinking infusion � Creativity� Motivation and Inspiration
Student’s Readiness� Appropriate language ability� Cognitive skills and abilities� Positive disposition
Others� Policy and organizational/institutional support
Key Ingredients of Key Ingredients of Effective LearningEffective Learning
Using Roger Schank’s (2002) seven (7) criteria for assessing the
effectiveness of a course:
CRITERIA Description Examples
FFailure Enable failures that surprise the student.
Include challenging individual/group activities, games, simulations, etc.
RReasoning Encourage practice in reasoning.
Group discussions, forums, chat, blogs & wikis.
© 2005 UNITAR All Rights Reserved
Emotionality Evoke emotional reactions (feelings) in the student.
Emotionally evoking relevant stories that are preferably real.
Exploration Promote exploration, curiosity and enable inquiry.
Web quests, aggregators, social bookmarking, e-portfolio & groupware.
Doing Encourage practice in doing. We learn so that we can do.
Activities, lab exercises, games, puzzles, or the real thing (if possible).
Observation Allow students to see things for themselves.
Observe the real thing/world if possible. If not use the virtual/artificial alternative.
Motivation Supply or build upon existing motivation.
Make it relevant, interesting & enjoyable. Simply ask the students what motivates them.
Source: http://www.amazon.com/Designing-World-Class-E-Learning-University-Succeeding/dp/0071377727
In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…�There is NO ‘silver-bullet’ model that can be applied for
all types and level of courses.
�Encourage faculties and lecturers to explore alternative approaches depending upon the capacity of the students and types of courses that are being facilitated. students and types of courses that are being facilitated.
� Involve students more in the learning process and encourage them to reflect on their own thinking in discussing issues.
�Encourage tolerance for ambiguity in the learning process.
In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…In a Nut Shell…� Be open-minded about trying and exploring alternative approaches
to facilitate the learning process.
� Have flexibility to change the direction during the implementation process if the learning outcomes are not being achieved.
� Encourage students to work in groups in solving problems, making decisions, and presenting ideas.
� Explore (free) e-Learning tools to facilitate more efficient and effective learning.
� Explore free learning content (e.g. OCW) available online, which could be used for your course, or inspire you with new ideas on how to facilitate more effective learning.
ConstructiveConstructiveThinkingThinking
InnovativeInnovativeThinkingThinking
COMPETENCIESCOMPETENCIES
ExpertiseEntrepreneurshipCreating Value &
• Experiential • Reflective• Receptive• Sharing• Caring
ThinkingThinking
CriticalCriticalThinkingThinking
CreativeCreativeThinkingThinking
EntrepreneurshipLeadershipLifelong LearningKnowledge SharingCreativityAdaptability CommunicationSensitivity TeamworkEthicsICT
Creating Value &Usefulness from
Ideas
Generating New Ideas
• Analysis• Synthesizing • Reasoning• Problem Solving• Decision Making
Resource BlitzResource Blitz
URL: http://www.visiblebody.com/
Free Typing Tutors Free Typing Tutors ☺☺☺☺☺☺☺☺
• Peter’s Online Typing Course
http://www.typing-lessons.org/
• Rapid Typing (Game)
http://www.rapidtyping.com/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
http://www.rapidtyping.com/
• PowerTyping http://www.powertyping.com/
• BBC Typing Tutorial
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/typing/
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/peters-online-typing-course-extremely.html
Learning Management System (LMS) Learning Management System (LMS)
http://moodle.org/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
Free Hosted LMSFree Hosted LMS
http://www.nfomedia.com/http://www.lectureshare.com/
http://www.edu20.org/http://www.myicourse.com/
http://www.elearningcommunity.com/
Learning Activity Management SystemLearning Activity Management System
http://www.lamsinternational.com/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
Authoring ToolsAuthoring Tools
http://courselab.com/ http://www.exelearning.org/
2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffSource: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/08/courselab-100-free-e-learning-authoring.html
Virtual ClassroomsVirtual Classrooms
http://www.wiziq.com/http://www.dimdim.com/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/12/wiziq-free-virtual-classroom-tool.html
http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/12/dimdim-worlds-free-virtual-classroom.html
BlogsBlogs
https://www.blogger.com/ http://wordpress.com/
WikisWikis
http://www.wetpaint.com/ http://www.wikispaces.com/
Online OfficeOnline Office
http://docs.google.com http://www.zoho.com/
Custom Sign GeneratorCustom Sign Generatorhttp://www.customsigngenerator.com/
Offers thousands of free dynamic JPEG, GIF and PNG image creators, enabling
you to create personalized graphics.
2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffSource: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/custom-sign-generator-create-1000s-of.html
SCREEN RECORDING TOOLSSCREEN RECORDING TOOLS
• Winkhttp://www.debugmode.com/wink/
• CamStudio
http://camstudio.org/
• Webinaria• Webinaria
http://www.webinaria.com/
• Jinghttp://www.jingproject.com/
Google Custom Search Google Custom Search Google Custom Search Google Custom Search
With Google Custom Search Engine, you can create a search create a search engine tailored to your needsengine tailored to your needs , which can include one
website, multiple websites, or specific web-pages.
http://www.google.com/coop/cse/
2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffSource: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/01/google-custom-search-for-openfree.html
YouTube Catcher YouTube Catcher
http://www.youtubecatcher.com/
Download YouTube Videos!
Comic Creating ToolsComic Creating ToolsComic Creating ToolsComic Creating Tools�ToonDoo
http://www.toondoo.com/
�Wittyhttp://www.wittycomics.com/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
�Kerpoofhttp://www.kerpoof.com/
�Makebeliefscomixhttp://www.makebeliefscomix.com/
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/11/toondoo-create-your-own-cartoons-comics.html
Flash GamesFlash Games
http://www.classtools.net/
2008 - Zaid Ali AlsagoffMore Games: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/07/creating-educational-games-for-online.html
Source: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2007/08/classtoolsnet-create-educational-flash.html
Mind Mapping SoftwareMind Mapping Software
http://freemind.sourceforge.net/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
Collaboration & Social NetworkingCollaboration & Social Networking
http://www.ning.com/ http://www.facebook.com/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
Audio Recorder/EditorAudio Recorder/Editor
http://audacity.sourceforge.net/
Virtual WorldsVirtual Worlds
http://secondlife.com/
http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/
2008 - Zaid Ali Alsagoff
130+ Learning Tools…130+ Learning Tools…130+ Learning Tools…130+ Learning Tools…
URL: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/2008/04/free-learning -tool-for-every-learning.html
…to solve learning problems and needs! …to solve learning problems and needs!
Other Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting Sites� Route 21
A one-stop-resource center for 21st century skills-related information, resources and community tools. You can even find videos here of 21st century skills in action in today’s classrooms. URL: http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/route21/
� New Horizons for LearningPresents articles and information on special issues in education, from restructuring schools to technology and adult education.URL: http://www.newhorizons.org/
� EDUCAUSE� EDUCAUSEA nonprofit association whose mission is to advance higher education by promoting the intelligent use of information technology. You can find hundreds of interesting resources, research papers and articles exploring everything from Second Life to lecturing.URL: http://www.educause.edu/
� Mind ToolsMore than 100 free essential life, career training and management training skill-builder articles and tools to explore.URL: http://www.mindtools.com/
� Successful LearningThis e-book discusses philosophies of learning, thinking skills, presentations skills, learning strategies, e-Learning, motivation, reading/writing skills and learning styles. Published by CDTL, National University of Singapore.URL: http://www.cdtl.nus.edu.sg/success/
Other Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting SitesOther Interesting Sites� Critical Thinking Web
Provides over 100 free online tutorials on critical thinking, logic, scientific reasoning, creativity, and other aspects of thinking skills. This site is maintained by Dr. Joe Lau at the Philosophy Department, The University of Hong Kong. URL: http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/
� Argumentation and Critical Thinking TutorialThe tutorials consist of a series of tests to help reinforce your knowledge and understanding of some basic concepts associated with making arguments and thinking critically (Humboldt State University).URL: http://www.humboldt.edu/~act/HTML/
� Interactive Thinking ToolsIntel provides online tools designed to promote higher-order thinking in any subject. Each tool features an online workspace where students create and save visual representations of their thinking. URL: http://www.intel.com/education/tools/
� CoRT & Six Thinking HatsTwo wonderful thinking tools by Edward de Bono, which we can use in the classroom, at work, or any place where we need to collaboratively solve problems, make decisions, and nurture innovative ideas.URL: http://schoolnet.gov.mt/thinkingskills/thinkingtools.htm
� Work-Learning Research Dr. Will Thalheimer's goal has been to compile research from the world's preeminent refereed journals and translate that research with practical wisdom to help learning professionals create more effective learning. Check it out!URL: http://www.work-learning.com/
Teaching MethodsTeaching MethodsTeaching MethodsTeaching Methods
� Problem Based LearningURL: http://www.queensu.ca/ctl/goodpractice/problem/index.html
� Criteria for Authentic Project-Based LearningURL: http://www.rmcdenver.com/useguide/pbl.htm
� Designing Effective Projects (Intel) URL: http://www97.intel.com/en/ProjectDesign/
� Case-Based Learning� Case-Based LearningURL: http://www.queensu.ca/ctl/goodpractice/case/index.html
� Teaching with the Case MethodURL: http://www.teaching.iub.edu/wrapper_big.php?section_id=case
� Case Based Learning in Your ClassesURL: http://cstl-csm.semo.edu/waterman/CBL/
� Rubrics– Creating Rubrics: http://www.teachervision.fen.com/teaching-methods-and-
management/rubrics/4521.html– Sample Rubrics: http://www.winona.edu/AIR/rubrics.htm– Holistic Critical Thinking Scoring Rubric (HCTSR):
http://www.insightassessment.com/HCTSR.html
Other VideosOther VideosOther VideosOther Videos
� Pay AttentionThis presentation, simply entitled Pay Attention, was created by Darren Draper in an effort to motivate teachers to more effectively use technology in their teaching. URL: http://t4.jordan.k12.ut.us/t4/content/view/221/35/
� Five Minute UniversityFather Guido Sarducci teaches what an average college Father Guido Sarducci teaches what an average college graduate knows after five years from graduation in five minutes. A great video to facilitate discussion about effective learning with a bit of humor. URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kO8x8eoU3L4
� Do Schools Kill CreativitySir Ken Robinson makes an entertaining and profoundly moving case for creating an education system that nurtures (rather than undermines) creativity. URL: http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/66
Other VideosOther VideosOther VideosOther Videos
� Web 2.0 ... The Machine is Using UsThe evolution of knowledge creation, management and sharing in creative and stimulating way.URL: http://youtube.com/watch?v=NLlGopyXT_g
� Teaching Teaching & Understanding UnderstandingA 19-minute award-winning short-film about teaching at the University. It shows examples of good and bad teaching, and promotes It shows examples of good and bad teaching, and promotes constructive alignment learning approach using Solo Taxonomy to test students' level of understanding (deep understanding?).URL: http://www.daimi.au.dk/~brabrand/short-film/
� Five Minds for the FutureHoward Gardner speaks about his book, Five Minds for the Future explaining why, in the future, it will be important to develop five kinds of minds, both in school and in other educational environments.URL: http://forum.wgbh.org/wgbh/forum.php?lecture_id=3560
Contact DetailsContact Details
Zaid Ali AlsagoffZaid Ali AlsagoffE-Learning Manager, INCEIFE-Learning Manager, INCEIF
E-mail: [email protected]: http://zaidlearn.blogspot.com/