23
incandescent light By; Jayamalie, Prashadhi, Dicra, Shanya, Vikumya, Shenal , Ashik,

Incandescent lamp

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Incandescent lamp

incandescent light

By; Jayamalie, Prashadhi, Dicra, Shanya, Vikumya, Shenal , Ashik, Hashan & Roshen

Page 2: Incandescent lamp

History of incandescent

light 

Page 3: Incandescent lamp

THEORETIC HISTORY- “ARGUE”

Basic Principle How Incandescent Lamps Work.

In 1802, Humphry Davy demonstrated that by running electricity through a thin strip of metal, that strip could be heated to temperatures high enough so they would give off light. The strip of metal, called a filament, is resistance to the electricity flowing through it (the thinner the metal, the higher resistance). The resistance turns the electrical energy into heat, and when the filament becomes white-hot, it gives off light. It incandesces because of the heat.

Page 4: Incandescent lamp

PRACTICAL HISTORY- “COMBAT”

In the decades of Davy's demonstration, other scientists and inventors tried to develop workable incandescent lamps. But these lamps were delicate, unreliable, short lived, and expensive to operate. The lifetime was short because the filaments used would burn up in air. To combat the short lifetime, early developers used thick, low resistance filaments, but heating them to incandescence required large electrical currents and generating current was costly.

These problems arose in improving the technologies of the incandescent lamp.

Page 5: Incandescent lamp

1802- Humphry Davy, had the most powerful battery and he created the first incandescent light bulb by passing current through a platinum strip.

By 1964, improvements in production of incandescent lamps increased since Edison’s lighting system.

Page 6: Incandescent lamp

MECHANISM OF INCANDESCENT BULB The Incandescent light bulb produces light by

heating a metal filament wire to a high temperature until it glows.

the hot filament is protected from oxidation in the air with a glass enclose that is filled with inert gas or evacuated.

In a halogen lamp, filament evaporation is prevented by a chemical process that redeposit metal vapor into the filament, extending its life.

the light bulb is supplied with electrical current by feed-through terminals or wires embedded in the glass.

Most bulbs are used in a socket which provides mechanical support and electrical connection.

Page 7: Incandescent lamp

Incandescent Bulb

Page 8: Incandescent lamp

Availability of incandescent lights

Incandescent bulbs are available in a wide range of sizes, light output, and voltage ratings, from 1.5 volts to about 300 volts. They require no external regulating equipment, have low manufacturing costs, and work equally well on either alternating current or direct current. As a result, the incandescent lamp is used often in household and commercial lighting, especially for portable lighting such as table lamps, car headlamps, flashlights , and for decorative and advertising lighting.

Page 9: Incandescent lamp

Incandescent lights are available in various forms, sizes and shapes. Few categories including these can be listed as follows

Page 10: Incandescent lamp

For Decorative purposes :

Globe shaped incandescent lights :

Tubular incandescent lights :

Page 11: Incandescent lamp

Coloured incandescent lights

Low voltage incandescent lights

Page 12: Incandescent lamp

Antique replica incandescent lights :

Incandescent black lights :

Page 13: Incandescent lamp

What color is electric light?

A glowing filament is white, and we describe its incandescent light as white. However, the actual wavelength components of different electric light sources vary, so that we perceive white with a bluish cast as "cool" and white with a pinkish cast as "warm". As these labels are vague, tools such as the color rendering index (CRI) and color temperature have been developed.

Page 14: Incandescent lamp

Color temperature

Color temperature is a description of the warmth or coolness of a light source. When a piece of metal is heated, the color of light it emits will change. This color begins as red in appearance and graduates to orange, yellow, white, and then blue-white to deeper colors of blue.

Page 15: Incandescent lamp
Page 16: Incandescent lamp

THE USABILITY OF INCANDESCENT BULBS

The uses of Incandescent bulbs can be categorized into two different ways.

1. The uses of incandescent bulbs as a mode of light

2. The uses of heat generated by the filament of the Incandescent bulbs

Page 17: Incandescent lamp

THE INCANDESCENT BULBS ARE WIDELY USED IN

Household lighting

Commercial lighting

Table lamps

Car headlamps

Flashlights

Decorative and advertising lighting

Page 18: Incandescent lamp

Incandescent bulbs are less efficient than several other modern types of light bulbs.

Most incandescent bulbs convert less than 5% of the energy they use into visible light with the remaining energy being converted into heat.

Page 19: Incandescent lamp

FIXING METHODS

Screw TypeThe screw type is very common with incandescent bulbs. Screw cap is simply a screw that is twisted into the socket, and is known more precisely as the Edison screw cap after

its inventor, Thomas Edison.

They come in a variety of different diameters, from a small screw cap to a giant screw, a factor that ensures only the right bulb can ever be fitted. This style is not exclusive to any particular appliance, though recessed down lights all make good use of it. Halogen and CFL lights are all widely available with screw caps, making it easy for home owners

to switch from the incandescent to the greener option.

Page 20: Incandescent lamp

Pin TypeThe bi pin cap has a number of different designs, but it can be fixed by

pushing the bulb into the socket and held tightly there. The pins themselves can be different in appearance. For example, the miniature halogen clear capsule has a g9 bi pin cap, which has pins that appear

more like hooped wires. The gu10 bi pin, meanwhile, has pins that seem more like short metal stumps through the base of the cap.

The range of bi pin caps is surprisingly wide, but not only because of the style of the pins. Generally the model number is an indication of the

measurement between the pins, with g9 halogen bulbs  boasting a space of 9mm between the two pins. This type of bulb is used for small

decorative light fittings around the house. Spotlights and recessed lights, however, most often use gu10 LED bulbs, which have pins spaced 10mm apart that work on a twist and lock basis. One of the advantages of this model is that it is widely recognised as one of the safest types of mains voltage caps since the live parts are concealed in the socket. When it comes to fluorescent tubes, the pins are different in structure again,

simply protruding from both ends. However, CFL bulbs can increase to 4 pins, depending on the particular bulb design.

Page 21: Incandescent lamp

Cost of lightingThe initial cost of an incandescent bulb is small compared

to the cost of the energy it uses over its lifetime. A comparison of incandescent lamp operating cost with other light sources must consider the luminous efficacy of each lamp. The comparison must include illumination requirements, capital cost of the lamp, labor cost to replace lamps, various depreciation factors for light output as the lamp ages, effect of lamp operation on heating and air conditioning systems, and energy consumption as well.[

40w=75/-60w=75/-75w=70/-100=70/-

Price And Economics'

Page 22: Incandescent lamp

Areas to be use

Incandescent bulbs can to be use any kind of areas.As ex:- rooms, passage areas, houses, exterior lighting(buildings, gardens)interior lightings (houses and buildings) also.It depend on what is the client wants, colors, cost of lights. 

Page 23: Incandescent lamp

END