IbuprofenLayal F. Abdeen

OutLines:✓ Definition

✓ Uses

✓ Mechanism of action

✓ Dosage

✓ Adverse effects

✓ Drug interaction

✓ Contraindication

✓ History

✓ uses in dentistry

✓ References

✓ Definition

✓ Uses

✓ Mechanism of action

✓ Dosage

✓ Adverse effects

✓ Drug interaction

✓ Contraindication

✓ History

✓ uses in dentistry

✓ References

What is IBuprofen ?!✓ a Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as analgesic to reduce fever and treat pain or inflammation. Ibuprofen is a 'core' medicine in the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines necessary in the minimum medical needs of a basic healthcare system.

✓ a Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as analgesic to reduce fever and treat pain or inflammation. Ibuprofen is a 'core' medicine in the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines necessary in the minimum medical needs of a basic healthcare system.

✓ Originally marketed as Brufen, and its available under a variety of popular trademarks such as Motrin and Advil.

✓ it has Anti-Platlet effect and act as Vasoconstrictor.

uses:✓ Fever

✓ Inflammation

✓ Headache

✓ Toothache

✓ Back pain

✓ Arthritis

✓ Minor injuries

✓ Fever

✓ Inflammation

✓ Headache

✓ Toothache

✓ Back pain

✓ Arthritis

✓ Minor injuries

Mechanism• Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such

as ibuprofen work by inhebiting theCyclooxygenase (COX), which converts archidonic Acid to prostaglandin (PGH2).

• PGH2, in turn, is converted by other enzymes to several other prostaglandins (which are mediators of pain, inflammation, and fever) and to thromboxane A2 (which stimulates platelet aggregation, leading to the formation of blood clots)

• Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen work by inhebiting theCyclooxygenase (COX), which converts archidonic Acid to prostaglandin (PGH2).

• PGH2, in turn, is converted by other enzymes to several other prostaglandins (which are mediators of pain, inflammation, and fever) and to thromboxane A2 (which stimulates platelet aggregation, leading to the formation of blood clots)

Mechanism of ibuprofenNSAIDNSAID

• Usual Adult Oral Dose for Mild to Moderate Pain: 200 to 400 mg orally every 4 to 6 hours as needed.

Doses:• Under Medical description the maximum amount for

adults is 800 mg per dose or 3200 mg per day based on an individual's response and tolerance

• “over-the-counter” (OTC) preparations of ibuprofen are, in general, labeled to advise a maximum daily dose of 1,200 mg

• Under Medical description the maximum amount for adults is 800 mg per dose or 3200 mg per day based on an individual's response and tolerance

• “over-the-counter” (OTC) preparations of ibuprofen are, in general, labeled to advise a maximum daily dose of 1,200 mg

ibuprofen Side Effects:• Ibuprofen appears to have the

lowest incidence of digestive Adverse effect reaction of all the nonselective NSAIDs

• Nausea , Dyspepsia gastrointestinal ulceration , bleeding, Diarrhea, constipation and Hypertension

• Ibuprofen appears to have the lowest incidence of digestive Adverse effect reaction of all the nonselective NSAIDs

• Nausea , Dyspepsia gastrointestinal ulceration , bleeding, Diarrhea, constipation and Hypertension

Ibuprofen Drug interaction:• ACE-inhibitorsNSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors.

• Aspirinadministration of ibuprofen and aspirin is not generally recommended

because of the potential for increased adverse effects.

• DiureticsIbuprofen can reduce the natriuretic effect-of furosemide and

thiazides in some patients. the patient should be observed closely for signs of renal failure as well as to assure diuretic efficacy.

• Warfarin-type anticoagulantsusers of both drugs together have a risk of serious bleeding higher

than users of either drug alone.

• MethotrexateNSAIDs could enhance the toxicity of methotrexate.

Contraindication:• Ibuprofen tablets are contraindicated in patients with

known hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen.

• Asthma

• Hypertensive patients.

• Heart Attack

• Stomach or Intestinal Ulcer

• Liver Problems and Blood Clotting Disorder

• Bleeding of the Stomach or Intestines

• Kidney Disease

• Pregnant in 3rd trimester

• Ibuprofen tablets are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen.

• Asthma

• Hypertensive patients.

• Heart Attack

• Stomach or Intestinal Ulcer

• Liver Problems and Blood Clotting Disorder

• Bleeding of the Stomach or Intestines

• Kidney Disease

• Pregnant in 3rd trimester

History:✓ The invention of Ibuprofen arose out

of a Boots study to treat rheumatoid arthritis before evolving into a drug to relieve a range of conditions.

✓ Dr Stewart Adams was the project leader on the team which made the amazing discovery.He was subsequently awarded an OBE in 1987

✓ Ibuprofen was launched on to the market in 1969, with an over-the-counter version available from 1983.

✓ The invention of Ibuprofen arose out of a Boots study to treat rheumatoid arthritis before evolving into a drug to relieve a range of conditions.

✓ Dr Stewart Adams was the project leader on the team which made the amazing discovery.He was subsequently awarded an OBE in 1987

✓ Ibuprofen was launched on to the market in 1969, with an over-the-counter version available from 1983.

IBuprofen in Dentistry:• Analgesic medications in dentistry are indicated for the

relief of acute pain, postoperative pain, and chronic pain.

• Endodontic pain management Pain control particularly during the early phases of endodontic treatment.

• Wisdom tooth extraction Managing post operative pain.

• Pediatric dentistry for relieving moderate to severe pain. They found that single doses of ibuprofen (4–10 mg/kg )

• Orthodontic pain management Pain and discomfort are common clinical symptoms in orthodontic patients, especially 2 to 4 days after the placement of fixed orthodontic appliances.

• Periodontal Pain managment: Chronic periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of the gingiva.

• Analgesic medications in dentistry are indicated for the relief of acute pain, postoperative pain, and chronic pain.

• Endodontic pain management Pain control particularly during the early phases of endodontic treatment.

• Wisdom tooth extraction Managing post operative pain.

• Pediatric dentistry for relieving moderate to severe pain. They found that single doses of ibuprofen (4–10 mg/kg )

• Orthodontic pain management Pain and discomfort are common clinical symptoms in orthodontic patients, especially 2 to 4 days after the placement of fixed orthodontic appliances.

• Periodontal Pain managment: Chronic periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of the gingiva.

Uses in Dentistry:✓ the combination of 600mg of

ibuprofen with 1000mg of Paracetamol taken every six hours increases pain relief compared with ibuprofen taken alone.

✓ ibuprofen and Codiene (which enhances ibuprofen analgesia but with a increase in adverse effects)

✓ use of gel caps that provide faster absorption and therefore a quicker effect.

✓ the combination of 600mg of ibuprofen with 1000mg of Paracetamol taken every six hours increases pain relief compared with ibuprofen taken alone.

✓ ibuprofen and Codiene (which enhances ibuprofen analgesia but with a increase in adverse effects)

✓ use of gel caps that provide faster absorption and therefore a quicker effect.

References• http://www.fda.gov/

• Drugs.com/ibuprofen

• Cyclooxygenase-1-Selective Inhibitors Based on the (E)-2′-Des-methyl-sulindac Sulfide Scaffold Andy J. Liedtke, Brenda C. Crews, Cristina M. Daniel, Anna L. Blobaum, Philip J. Kingsley, Kebreab Ghebreselasie, and Lawrence J. Marnett Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

• Lambert, Victoria (2007-10-08). "Dr. Stewart Adams: 'I tested ibuprofen on my hangover'". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 2008-01-20.

• McElwee, N. E.; Veltri, J. C.; Bradford, D. C.; Rollins, D. E. (1990). "A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: Complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted". Annals of Emergency Medicine 19 (6): 657–662. doi:10.1016/S0196-0644(05)82471-0. PMID 2188537.

• WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (2nd ed.). World Health Organization (WHO). March 2010. Retrieved 2011-03-30.

• Parameter on chronic periodontitis with slight to moderate loss of periodontal support. American Academy of Periodontology.

• 176. Xiaoting L, Yin T, Yangxi C. Interventions for pain during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. A systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:925–932. J Periodontol. 2000 May; 71(5 Suppl):853-5.

• Review Administering local anaesthesia to paediatric dental patients -- current status and prospects for the future.Ram D, Peretz B Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002 Mar; 12(2):80-

• Hitchcock M, Ogg TW Br J Hosp Med. 1995 Sep 6-19; 54(5):202-6.

• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0000915/

• http://www.ada.org.au/App_CmsLib/Media/Lib/0612/M32720_v1_633009138786195000.pdf

• 1. Weibert RT, Townsend RJ, Kaiser DG et al. Lack of ibuprofen secretion into human milk. Clin Pharm. 1982;1:457-8. PMID: 7184678

• http://www.fda.gov/

• Drugs.com/ibuprofen

• Cyclooxygenase-1-Selective Inhibitors Based on the (E)-2′-Des-methyl-sulindac Sulfide Scaffold Andy J. Liedtke, Brenda C. Crews, Cristina M. Daniel, Anna L. Blobaum, Philip J. Kingsley, Kebreab Ghebreselasie, and Lawrence J. Marnett Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

• Lambert, Victoria (2007-10-08). "Dr. Stewart Adams: 'I tested ibuprofen on my hangover'". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 2008-01-20.

• McElwee, N. E.; Veltri, J. C.; Bradford, D. C.; Rollins, D. E. (1990). "A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: Complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted". Annals of Emergency Medicine 19 (6): 657–662. doi:10.1016/S0196-0644(05)82471-0. PMID 2188537.

• WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (2nd ed.). World Health Organization (WHO). March 2010. Retrieved 2011-03-30.

• Parameter on chronic periodontitis with slight to moderate loss of periodontal support. American Academy of Periodontology.

• 176. Xiaoting L, Yin T, Yangxi C. Interventions for pain during fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. A systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:925–932. J Periodontol. 2000 May; 71(5 Suppl):853-5.

• Review Administering local anaesthesia to paediatric dental patients -- current status and prospects for the future.Ram D, Peretz B Int J Paediatr Dent. 2002 Mar; 12(2):80-

• Hitchcock M, Ogg TW Br J Hosp Med. 1995 Sep 6-19; 54(5):202-6.

• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0000915/

• http://www.ada.org.au/App_CmsLib/Media/Lib/0612/M32720_v1_633009138786195000.pdf

• 1. Weibert RT, Townsend RJ, Kaiser DG et al. Lack of ibuprofen secretion into human milk. Clin Pharm. 1982;1:457-8. PMID: 7184678

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