IPV4 ADDRESS SUB-NETTING PROCESS

Estibenson Arévalo Mesa

WHAT IS SUBNETTING?

Is to divide an IP address or physical network in

logical subnets (network smaller), these work at

sending and receiving packets as the single

network. The subnets permit an administration,

flow control and segment good.

THE PROCESS EXPLEIN

Given an IP address of 198.133.219.0/24,

with 2 bits borrowed for subnets.

NEXT CASE…

DEVELOPMENT

1. determine IP class, this allow to

know that bits can use.

4.

2. last octet convert from decimal to

binary, identify bits of network and

bits of host allows.

3. Networks and host for subnet

determine…

• Subnets number

• Host for subnet number

Subnets = 2^n In this case 2^2 = 4 Subnets

Host = 2^n-2 In this case 2^6-2 = 62 Host for subnet

Subnet #1

MASK: 255.255.255.192

ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.0

BROADCAST: 198.133.219.63

FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.1

LAST HOST: 198.133.219.62

Subnet #2

MASK: 255.255.255.192

ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.64

BROADCAST: 198.133.219.127

FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.65

LAST HOST: 198.133.219.126

4. It writes sgnificant

values of subnets.

Subnet #4

MASK: 255.255.255.192

ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.192

BROADCAST: 198.133.219.255

FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.193

LAST HOST: 198.133.219.254

Subnet #3

MASK: 255.255.255.192

ID SUBNET: 198.133.219.128

BROADCAST: 198.133.219.191

FIRST HOST: 198.133.219.129

LAST HOST: 198.133.219.190

GLOSSARY

1. APPLICATIONS: A complete software program

designed for end users.

2. BINARY: A numbering system characterized by

ones and zeros (1= On, 0= off).

3. BINARY VALUES: A combination of binary digits

that represent a certain value.

4. BITS: A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either

0 or 1. Binary digits are units of information storage

and communications in computing.

5. BROADCAST: A from of transmission whereupon

one device transmits to all devices wirithin the

network or on another network.

6. CHANNEL: The medium used to transport

information from a sender to a receiver.

7. CLASSFUL ADDRESSING: in the early days of IPv4,

IP address are divided into 5 classes, namely, Class

A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E

8. CLASSLESS ADDRESSING: IPv4 addressing

scheme that uses a subnet mask that does not

follow classful addressing rules. It provides incresed

flexibility when dividing ranges of IP address into

separate networks.

9. COMPUTER VIRUS: A computer virus is a computer

program that can copy itself and infect a computer

without permission or knowledge of the user.

10. DATA NETWORKS: digital networks used to send

data between computers.

11. DOWNLOAD: Transfering data (usually a file) from

another computer to the computer you are using.

12. END DEVICES: A device such as e desktop or

movile device that is used by an end user.

13. FIBER OPTICS: Physical medium that uses glass

or plastic threads to transmit data. A fiber optic cable

consists of a bundle of these threads, each of which

is capable of transmitting electric signals into light

waves.

14. FIREWALL: A firewall is a hardware or a softwre

application designed to protect network devices from

outside networks users and/or malicious

applications and files.

15. GBPS: Gigabits (a billion bits) per second.

16. HARDWARE: hardware are physical

components of a computer, such as the hard drive,

memory chip, motherboard, CPU, etc.

17. INTERNET: Is a publicly accessible network of

interconect computer networks that transmit data by

using IP, the internet protocol.

18. IPv4: Short the internet protocol version 4. it is

the current version of internet protocol.

19. LINUX: A Linux-like computer operating system

family. some versions of Linux are free with

underlying source code available for anyone to use.

20. MAC ADDRESS: Standarized data link layer

address that is required for every port or device that

conects to a LAN.

21. MEDIUM: A physical medium in which date is

tranfered for example, UTP is a from of networking

media.

22. NETWORK: A network is multiple computers

connected together using a communications

System. them porpuse of a network is for computers

to communicate and share files.

23. OCTET: A group of 8 binary bits. Is similar, but not

the same, to byte. one application in computer

networking is to use octet to divide IPv4 addresses

into 4 components.

24. PDA: A PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) is a hand-

held device normally used to help keep a personal

organized.

25. ROUTER: Network leyer device that uses one

more metrics to determine the optimal path along

which network traffic should be forwarded.

26. SINTAX: The rules governing the form of

communication.

27. TRAILER: The control information opperated to

date when date is encapsulated for network

transmission.

28. UPLOAD: To transmit data to a server or to another

receiving device.

29. VIRTUAL TERMINAL VTY: A command line interface

created in a router for a telnet session.

30. WELL KNOWN PORTS: Ports that range from 0 -

1023.