Development and Statistics Presentation

HL ECONOMICS

Introduction

• Highly Developed EconomyItaly

• Medium Developed Economy Philippines

• Low Developed EconomyNigeria

• Asian Tiger South Korea

Human Development Index

• HDI: provides a composite measure of human development– Life expectancy– Education– Standard of living

Gender Issues: Gender-related development index

• GDI: measures achievements in the same indicators as the HDI but captures inequalities in achievement between women and men

Human Poverty Index

• HPI: An alternative measurefocus on the amount of poverty in a country

• HPI for developing countriesHPI-1– Adult illiteracy rate– Probability at birth of not surviving to age 40 – population without sustainable access to an improved water

source and children under weight• HPI for developed countriesHPI-2– Probability at birth of not surviving to age 60 – Population below income poverty line – Rate of long-term unemployment

Gini Coefficient and Lorenz Curve

Country GDP GDP/capita

HDI GDI HPI Gini Coefficient

Italy $2.399 trillion

$28,828 0.945 0.936 29.8%-HPI-2

0.360

South Korea $857.5 billion

$26,000 0.921 0.910 N/A 0.316

Philippines $168.6 billion

$5,137 0.771 0.768 15.3%-HPI-1

0.466

Nigeria $220.3 billion

$1,852 0.499 0.485 38.0% 0.510

Country GDP GDP/capita

HDI GDI HPI Gini Coefficient

Italy $2.399 trillion

$28,828 0.945 0.936 29.8%-HPI-2

0.360

South Korea $857.5 billion

$26,000 0.921 0.910 N/A 0.316

Philippines $168.6 billion

$5,137 0.771 0.768 15.3%-HPI-1

0.466

Nigeria $220.3 billion

$1,852 0.499 0.485 38.0% 0.510

Gini coefficient: measure of income inequality within a population

0 and 1

Italy

Italy

• GDP (official exchange rate): $2.399 trillion

• GDP ( real growth rate): -0.7%

• Population: 58,126,212

Human Development Index

• HDI: 0.945 (rank:19/179)

• GDP per capita (US$): 28,828

• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and above):98.8%

• Life expectancy at birth: 80.4

Gender Issues

• GDI value = 0.936• HDI value=0.945

• GDI value is 99.4% of its HDI value– Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and older): 99.5

(female as % male)

Human Poverty Index

• HPI-2 value = 29.8%

• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving past age 40 [%]): 2.3%

• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older): 1.6%

Lorenz Curve

• Percentage distribution of income: lowest 10%: 2.1%; highest (5th) 10%: 26.6%

• Gini Coefficient: 0.360

Philippines

Philippines

• GDP (official exchange rate): $168.6 billion

• GDP (real growth rate): 4.6%

• Population: 97,976,603

Human Development Index

• HDI: 0.771 (90/179)

• GDP per capita (US$): 5137

• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and above):92.6%

• Life expectancy at birth: 71 yrs

Gender Issues

• GDI value = 0.768• HDI value=0.771

• GDI value is 98.6% of its HDI value

Human Poverty Index

• HPI-1 value = 15.3%• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving

past age 40 [%]): 39.0%• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older): 7.4%• Population without access to clean water: 15%• Children underweight for age (% ages 0-5): 28%

Lorenz Curve

• Percentage distribution of income: lowest 20%: 5.4%; highest (5th) 20%: 52.3%

• Gini Coefficient: 0.466

Nigeria

Nigeria

• GDP (official exchange rate): $220.3 billion

• GDP (real growth rate): 6.1%

• Population:149,229,090

Human Development Index

• HDI: 0.499 (rank: 154/179 countries)

• Life expectancy at birth: 46.6 yrs

• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and above): 71.0

• GDP per capita (US$): $1852

Gender Issues

• GDI value = 0.485 • HDI value=0.499

• GDI value is 97.2% of its HDI value

Human Poverty Index

• HPI-1 value = 38.0% (rank: 111/135 developing countries)

• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving past age 40 [%]): 39.0%

• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older): 29.0%• Population without access to clean water: 53%• Children underweight for age (% ages 0-5): 29%

Lorenz Curve

• Percentage distribution of income (1996-1997): lowest 20%: 4.4; 2nd 20%: 8.2; 3rd 20%: 12.5; 4th 20%: 19.3; highest (5th) 20%: 55.7

• Gini Index: 0.51

South Korea

South Korea

• Asian Tiger

• GDP (official exchange rate): $857.5 billion

• GDP - real growth rate: 2.5%

• Population=48,508,972

Human Development Index

• HDI: 0.921 (rank:26/179)

• GDP per capita (US$): 26,000

• Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and above):97.9%

• Life expectancy at birth: 78.72 yrs

Gender Issues

• GDI value = 0.910• HDI value=0.921

• GDI value is 98.8% of its HDI value– Female as % male life expectancy: 109.5%– Female as % male Combined primary, secondary

and tertiary gross enrolment ratio: 85.7%

Human Poverty Index

• Life expectancy (probability of not surviving past age 40 [%]): 2.5%

• Adult illiteracy rate (% ages 15 and older): 1.0%

• Population not using an improved water source: 8%

• Children underweight for their age(% under age 5): 0%

Lorenz Cruve

• Income distribution– Richest 10% to poorest 10% ratio

• South Korea 7.8 • United States 15.9 • France 9.1

• Gini Coefficient: 0.316

ConclusionCountry GDP GDP/

capitaHDI GDI HPI Gini

CoefficientItaly $2.399

trillion $28,828 0.945 0.936 29.8%-

HPI-20.360

South Korea $857.5 billion

$26,000 0.921 0.910 N/A 0.316

Philippines $168.6 billion

$5,137 0.771 0.768 15.3%-HPI-1

0.466

Nigeria $220.3 billion

$1,852 0.499 0.485 38.0% 0.510

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria 0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

HDI GDI HPI

Gini Coefficient

Compare GDP

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria 0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

GDP

Country

GDP

($ b

illio

n)

Compare GDP/capita

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria $0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

GDP/capita

Compare HDI

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria 0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

HDI

Compare GDI

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria 0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

GDI

Compare HPI

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria 0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

HPI

Compare Gini Coefficient

Italy South Korea Philippines Nigeria 0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

Gini Coefficient

Bibliography

• http://hdrstats.undp.org/2008/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_NGA.html

• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html

• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ks.html

• http://hdrstats.undp.org/2008/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_KOR.html

• http://earthtrends.wri.org/gsearch.php?va=cp&kw=italy&theme=0