A)PRESENTS SIMPLE WITH FUTURE MEANING

WITH TIME EXPRESSIONS (NEXT FRIDAY, SOON) THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND

CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) ARE USED FOR DEFINITE FUTURE ARRANGEMENTS

AND PLANS. THE TIME MUST BE MENTIONED, OTHERWISE THE SENTENCE WOULD

NOT HAVE A FUTURE MEANING.

I AM WATCHING TV TONIGHT. (I WILL DO IT TONIGHT, IT IS MY PLAN.)

THE CONTINUOUS IS MORE INFORMAL. IT IS THE MOST USUAL WAY OF EXPRESSING

OUR PERSONAL PLANS.

I AM LEAVING ON SUNDAY. (I HAVE DECIDED TO LEAVE ON SUNDAY, IT IS MY PLAN.)

BUT: I LEAVE ON SUNDAY. (SOMEONE ELSE HAS DECIDED IT, IT IS SOMEONE'S PLAN

FOR ME.)

THE SIMPLE FORM IS TYPICALLY USED IN OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND TIMETABLES.

SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE OF NORTHEASTERN

ENGLISHTEACHER OSCAR GARCIA

HOW TO USE THE TOPICS DICE PRACTICE NUMBER 5

HUGO LIZANDRO CORDON OVALLE 5TO P.A

AGROUP 1

PLAINS FORGE, ZACAPA 06 THE MARCH 2015

B) FUTURE: “BE ABOUT TO” + “INFINITIVE”

WE USE BE ABOUT TO + INFINITIVE WHEN DISCUSSING FORMAL OR OFFICIAL

ARRANGEMENTS OR TO GIVE FORMAL INSTRUCTIONS OR ORDERS AND YOUR

EXAMPLES ILLUSTRATE THESE ASPECTS VERY WELL. FURTHER EXAMPLES

MIGHT BE :

• THE PRIME MINISTER IS TO MAKE A FURTHER VISIT TO DEVON NEXT WEEK

• WE ARE TO RECEVI A PAY RISE IN LINE WITH INFLATION IN SEPTEMBER

• I DON´T MIND HER GOING TO RUTH´S PARTY BUT SHE´S NOT TO BE BACK

LATE

B.1) VERBS + INFINITIVE

In general, to verbs relate to a goal, a projected time in the future. The verb expressing a wish

or hope is followed by a clause that is reduced to an infinitive clause. [The full clause is not

actually used in speech or writing.] A specific group of verbs is complemented by an infinitve

(nonfinite) clause.

SUBJ PRED COMP / ADJUNCT

NP V SUBORD that + CLAUSE

Ed needs [that Ed gets some help]

Ed hopes[that Ed finds some peace

and quiet]

Ed likes [that Ed receives attention]

Ed hates[that Ed hears criticism from

others]

C) PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE + JUST/ FOR/ SINCE

C.1) JUST

• Just’ is usually used only with the present perfect tense and

it means ‘a short time ago’. I’ve just seen Susan coming out

of the cinema. Mike’s just called. Can you ring him back

please? Have you just taken my pen? Where has it gone?

In the present perfect, ‘just’ comes between the auxiliary

verb (‘have’) and the past participle. -

C.2) FOR

• It refers to an action that occurred in the past, but very close to this. Therefore, we can say

that the present perfect simple refers to the recent past. By ejempo: I Have Been in Madrid

esta morning.

STRUCTURE

- Affirmative: subject + have / has + past participle (-ed in regular / irregular 3rd column) +

accessories

- Negative: Subject + have not / has not + past participle + accessories

- Interrogative: Have / Has + subject + past participle + supplements?

C.3) SINCE

• used with a specific time indicating the start of a period of time: since Friday / 2004/10 o'clock.

You can also enter a whole phrase that refers to a situation which constitutes a specific time: I

have not seen him since I finished university. Since I finished university is a moment in my

life.

When we talk about the whole extension of time, we have to use for: for five years / ages / a

while. Formaldehyde is also used in questions with How long? (but not required put it): How

long have you Lived in BCN (for)? That if, if utilizais, always at the end of the question!

2. The other problem with this statement is the presence of Aug which is used only to talk

about situations that have no link with the present and which, therefore, we must speak using

the Simple Past.

D) REPORTED SPEEH

• Indirect speech, unlike the direct style, do not use the

quotes and need not be verbatim. In general, when indirect

speech is used, the tense changes. Here you have an

explanation of the changes they undergo tenses.

Sometimes "that" is used in the affirmative and negative to

introduce what the other person has said phrases. On the

other hand, interrogative sentences can be used "if" or

"whether".

E) PAST TENSE OF THERE IS / THERE ARE

• There are two tenses in English – past and present. The past tense in

English is used: to talk about the past to talk about hypotheses –

things that are imagined rather than true. for politeness. There are

four past tense forms in English: Past simple: I worked Past

continuous: I was working Past perfect: I had worked Past perfect

continuous: I had been working

F) PAST CONTINIOUS

• The past continuous use it for a long action and in the past was interrupted. The

action is constantly interrupted past and the action that is causing disruption in the

past simple. "When" and "while" indicate the use of simple and past continuous. In

general, we use the simple past directly after "when" and continued past after

"while." Examples:

Play

Jose called while I was watching the news. (Jose called while watching the news.)

Play

I was walking to work When I fell. (I was walking to his work when he fell.)

Play

Was it raining When you left? (It was raining when you left?)

G) INTRODUCTION TO THE PASSIVE VOICE

• Direct or indirect object (of the sentence in the active voice)

+ Verb "To Be" (in the tense of the active voice) + Past

Participle of the main verb (active voice) + Agent (composed

of the preposition by + subject sentence in the active voice).

Example: Active Voice: Tom Makes barbecue on Sunday.

Passive Voice: Barbecue is made on Sunday by Tom.

H) PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE

• The plants ......(WATER) by my mother every day.Las plantas ....(REGAR) por mi madre

todos los días.

The plants ARE WATERED by my mother every day. Las plantas SON REGADAS por mi

madre todos los días. (Oración en Present Simple Passive)

Debés saber que uno de los usos del Presente Simple es para acciones que son "hábitos o

rutinas".O sea,para acciones que se realizan repetidamente o para decir que algo no se hace

nunca.Eso se indica con un adverbio de frecuencia como OFTEN(=a

menudo),USUALLY(=habitualmente),ALWAYS (=siempre),NEVER (=nunca),etc.y también

con complementos de tiempo como "On Sundays"(=los domingos),"Every day"(=todos los

días),"at the weekend"(=el fín de semana) ,"in the morning"(=a la mañana),etc.

Por lo tanto,debés fijarte si existe alguno de esos indicadores.

E-GRAFY

• http://www.e-grammar.org/present-tense-be-going-to-future/

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learni

tv103.shtml

• http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/infinitive2a.html

• http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-reference/just-yet-still-

already

• http://www.ejerciciosinglesonline.com/exercises-and-theory/grammar-

exercises-and-theory/present-perfect-simple/

• http://www.ejerciciodeingles.com/present-perfect-for-since/

• http://es.slideshare.net/albean/introduccin-a-la-voz-pasiva-en-ingls