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INTRODUCTION TO HIGH INTRODUCTION TO HIGH FREQUENCY STRUCTURE FREQUENCY STRUCTURE
SIMULATORSIMULATOR
BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND• Introduced from 90sIntroduced from 90s
• Simulation tool for complex 3 D geometriesSimulation tool for complex 3 D geometries
• Using Finite Element MethodUsing Finite Element Method
• Adaptive Mesh generation & refinementAdaptive Mesh generation & refinement
• 2 Main Vendors—Agilent & Ansoft2 Main Vendors—Agilent & Ansoft
• Merger from May 1Merger from May 1
• Transfer to Ansoft HFSS after Nov. 1, 2001Transfer to Ansoft HFSS after Nov. 1, 2001
REQUIREMENT & RESOURCESREQUIREMENT & RESOURCES
• HFSS consume tremendous memory if fine result is neededHFSS consume tremendous memory if fine result is needed
• 300M+ Memory and 400M+ processor is recommended300M+ Memory and 400M+ processor is recommended
• Floating License Key within ECEWIN2K subnetFloating License Key within ECEWIN2K subnet
• Remote access to new Scully which has 1 G RAMBUS400 Memory and 1.7G Remote access to new Scully which has 1 G RAMBUS400 Memory and 1.7G
P4 processorP4 processor
AGILENT HFSSAGILENT HFSS
ANSOFT HFSSANSOFT HFSS
FEATURES(1)FEATURES(1)
• Computes s-parameters and full-wave fields for arbitrarily-shaped 3D passive Computes s-parameters and full-wave fields for arbitrarily-shaped 3D passive
structuresstructures
• Powerful drawing capabilities to simplify design entryPowerful drawing capabilities to simplify design entry
• Field solving engine with accuracy-driven adaptive solutionsField solving engine with accuracy-driven adaptive solutions
• Powerful post-processor for unprecedented insight into electrical Powerful post-processor for unprecedented insight into electrical
performanceperformance
FEATURES(2)FEATURES(2)
• Advanced materialsAdvanced materials
• Model Library-including spiral inductorsModel Library-including spiral inductors
• Model half, quarter, or octet symmetry Model half, quarter, or octet symmetry
• Calculate far-field patternsCalculate far-field patterns
• Wideband fast frequency sweepWideband fast frequency sweep
• Create parameterized cross section models- 2D models Create parameterized cross section models- 2D models
APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
• AntennasAntennas
• Microwave transitionsMicrowave transitions
• Waveguide componentsWaveguide components
• RF filtersRF filters
• Three-dimensional discontinuitiesThree-dimensional discontinuities
• Passive circuit elementsPassive circuit elements
PROCEDURE TO SIMULATEPROCEDURE TO SIMULATE
1.1. Open or Make new projectOpen or Make new project
2.2. Draw objectsDraw objects
3.3. Assign material propertyAssign material property
4.4. Define boundary conditionsDefine boundary conditions
5.5. SolveSolve
6.6. Display resultDisplay result
NEW PROJECTNEW PROJECT
PROJECT PREFERENCESPROJECT PREFERENCES
DRAWING BASICSDRAWING BASICS
DRAWING LINES & 2 D DRAWING LINES & 2 D OBJECTSOBJECTS
DRAWING 3 D OBJECTSDRAWING 3 D OBJECTS
OBJECT LIBRARYOBJECT LIBRARY
EDITING OBJECTSEDITING OBJECTS
MATERIALSMATERIALS
METAL & RESISTOR METAL & RESISTOR
BOUNDARIESBOUNDARIES
BOUNDARY CONDITIONSBOUNDARY CONDITIONS
ADD A BOUNDARYADD A BOUNDARY
DISPLAY BOUNDARYDISPLAY BOUNDARY
CALIBRATING PORTSCALIBRATING PORTS
SOLVESOLVE
FREQUENCY & MESHINGFREQUENCY & MESHING
DISPLAYING RESULTSDISPLAYING RESULTS
S MATRIXS MATRIX
PLOT FIELDPLOT FIELD
RESULT COMPARISONRESULT COMPARISON• r=8.5; Hsub=625 um; W=150um; G=75 umr=8.5; Hsub=625 um; W=150um; G=75 um
@10G Theoretical
HFSS
L=100 um
0.04 nH 0.05 nH
L=300 um
0.12 nH 0.13 nH
L=600 um
0.24 nH 0.24 nH
L=800 um
0.33 nH 0.31 nH
00
0
L
L
Z jZ Tan LZ Z
Z jZ Tan L
---Theoretical Equation
FINITE ELEMENT METHODFINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Tetrahedron
IMPEDANCE CONCEPTIMPEDANCE CONCEPT
• Zpi, Zpv & ZviZpi, Zpv & Zvi
• Microstrips use Zpi impedanceMicrostrips use Zpi impedance
• Slot-type (CPW) use Zpv impedanceSlot-type (CPW) use Zpv impedance
• TEM waves use Zvi impedanceTEM waves use Zvi impedance
*
2 1; ;
2
PZpi P ExHds I Hdl
I I
*
2
V VZpv
P
Zvi Zpi Zpv
PROJECTS WITH HFSSPROJECTS WITH HFSS• Microstrip Line to Waveguide TransitionMicrostrip Line to Waveguide Transition
EM FIELD OF THE TRANSITIONEM FIELD OF THE TRANSITION
WAVEGUIDE COMBINER WAVEGUIDE COMBINER SYSTEMSYSTEM
SLOTLINE ANTENNASLOTLINE ANTENNA
BONDING WIRE BONDING WIRE DISCONTINUITYDISCONTINUITY
PACKAGING FOR CPW LINESPACKAGING FOR CPW LINES
FIELD PLOTFIELD PLOT
USEFUL LINKSUSEFUL LINKS
• http://www.ansoft.com
• http://dutettq.et.tudelft.nl/~hfss/welcome.html
• http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/ce/ae/Maxwell/index.html
• Documents for HP HFSS is in “Scully”Documents for HP HFSS is in “Scully”
c:/Otherprg/hfss/docc:/Otherprg/hfss/doc
REFERENCESREFERENCES
• HP High-Frequency Structure Simulator User’s ReferenceHP High-Frequency Structure Simulator User’s Reference
• HP High-Frequency Structure Simulator TutorialHP High-Frequency Structure Simulator Tutorial
