How can we save energy?

Made by:Cuceanu Elena Raluca

8th gradeScoala Gimnaziala Magura

What is energy?

Energy is to ability to do

work .The ability to cause

motion and change.

How can we save energy?

Saving energy means decreasing the amount of energy used while achieving a similar outcome of end use. Using less energy has lots of benefits – you can save money and help the environment. Generating energy requires precious natural resources, for instance coal, oil or gas. Therefore, using less energy helps us to preserve these resources and make them last longer in the future.

Renewable energy

New renewables accounted for another 3% and are growing

very rapidly. The share of renewables in

electricity generation is around 19%, with 16% of electricity coming from hydroelectricity

and 3% from new renewables.

Why is it important to save energy?  

If people use less energy, there is less

pressure to increase the available supply of

energy, for example by constructing new power plants, or by importing energy from a different

country.

Types of energyThere are several types of energy,

such as:1.Hidropower2.Solar power 3.Biomass

4.Biofuel5. Geothermal energy

6.Wind power

Hidropower

Energy in water can be harnessed and used. Since water is about 800 times denser than air, even a slow flowing stream of water, or moderate sea swell, can yield considerable amounts of energy. There are many forms of water energy:

Hydroelectric energy is a term usually reserved for large-scale hydroelectric dams. Examples are the Grand Coulee Dam in Washington State and the Akosombo Dam in Ghana.

Micro hydro systems are hydroelectric power installations that typically produce up to 100 kW of power. They are often used in water rich areas as a remote-area power supply (RAPS).

Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity systems derive kinetic energy from rivers and oceans without the creation of a large

reservoir.

Solar energy is the energy derived from the sun through the form of solar radiation. Solar powered electrical generation

relies on photovoltaics and heat engines. A partial list of other solar applications includes space heating and cooling

through solar architecture, daylighting, solar hot water, solar cooking, and high temperature process heat for industrial

purposes.Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive

solar or active solar depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute solar energy. Active solar techniques

include the use of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors to harness the energy. Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties,

and designing spaces that naturally circulate air.

Solar power

Biomass

Biomass is a renewable energy source because the energy it contains comes from the sun. Through the process of photosynthesis, plants

capture the sun's energy. When the plants are burnt, they release the sun's energy they contain. In this way, biomass functions as a sort of

natural battery for storing solar energy. As long as biomass is produced sustainably, with only as much used as is grown, the battery will last indefinitely. In general there are two main approaches to using plants

for energy production: growing plants specifically for energy use (known as first and third-generation biomass), and using the residues (known as second-generation biomass) from plants that are used for other things. See biobased economy. The best approaches vary from region to region

according to climate, soils and geography.As of early 2012, 85 of 107 biomass plants operating in the U.S. had been

cited by federal or state regulators for violating clean air or water laws over the past five years. The Energy Information Administration

projected that by 2017, biomass is expected to be about twice as expensive as natural gas, slightly more expensive than nuclear power,

and much less expensive than solar panels.

Biofuel

Biofuels include a wide range of fuels which are derived from biomass. The term covers solid biomass, liquid fuels and various biogases. Liquid biofuels include bioalcohols, such as bioethanol, and oils, such as

biodiesel. Gaseous biofuels include biogas, landfill gas and synthetic gas.Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermenting the sugar components of

plant materials and it is made mostly from sugar and starch crops. With advanced technology being developed, cellulosic biomass, such as trees and grasses, are also used as feedstocks for ethanol production. Ethanol

can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a gasoline additive to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions.

Bioethanol is widely used in the USA and in Brazil. However, according to the European Environment Agency, biofuels do not address global warming

concerns.Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils, animal fats or recycled greases.

Biodiesel can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a diesel additive to reduce levels of particulates, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons from diesel-powered vehicles. Biodiesel is

produced from oils or fats using transesterification and is the most common biofuel in Europe.

Geothermal energy

Geothermal energy is from thermal

energy generated and stored in the Earth.

Thermal energy is the energy that determines

the temperature of matter. Earth's

geothermal energy originates from the

original formation of the planet and

from radioactive decay of minerals .

Wind power

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using: wind

turbines to make electrical power, windmills for mechanical power , windpumps for water

pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships.It is one of the oldest sources of clean energy

based on wind power.Force too strong wind destroys installations that

produce wind energy.

Energy saving methods in general

Consumption of electricity can be reduced by the following methods:

1.To save energy we can use solar panels.2. Use appliances that consume less power.

3.Isolating windows and doors in winter, you can discard heaters, which require large amounts of electricity.

4.Avoid unnecessary opening the refrigerator door.5 .Storing food in the refrigerator

6 .Use as few electrical appliances.7.Choose your modern electronics, more efficient, such as

monitors LCD instead of CRT or you can change the calculator with a laptop.

8.Buy the most effective products. 9.Using the maximum natural light, you get a free lighting and

useful for health.10.Every day, for a short period of time, electric current should

be stopped.11.Reuse plastic bags for shopping and storage.

12. Use rechargeable batteries instead of disposable batteries.

How to save electrical energy at home?

1.Don’t even leave your computer or TV on standby.2.Use a liquid crystal flat screen monitor for your computer or TV , it uses ¼ of the power of a tube monitor and is better for the eyes.3.Use warm or cold water instead.4.Don’t set your washing machine for a hot water of the energy used in operating a washing machine goes toward heating the water the washes and rinses the cloths.5.If you can’t switch to solar water heaters , get timers for your geysers.6.Don’t set the thermostat of your refrigerator too high. Lowering the temperature even one degree makes a big difference.7.If it is placed in a sunny spot , move it or cover the windows.8.Cleaning the condenser coil regularly makes it run more efficiently.9.Buy energy efficient home appliances.

To significantly reduce energy consumption, we can use solar panels. Solar energy can be captured by ray

panels connected to the systems which warm water or produce electricity.

Buy appliances that consume less energy:

refrigerators and freezerswashing machines or dishwashers air conditioners coffee makers vacuum cleanerselectric cookersfood processors

Use natural lighting. Open curtains and shades during the day instead

of using lighting. Consider skylights and solar tubes during remodeling or new construction

design. This allows the maximum use of natural daylight.

Use Energy Star compact fluorescent light bulbs. Energy Star compact

fluorescent light bulbs last longer and use up to 75 percent less energy

than standard light bulbs. You can cut your electric bill by $60 per year if you

replace the standard bulbs in your five most frequently used light

fixtures. Properly dispose of compact fluorescent light bulbs at your local household hazardous waste collection site.

Change the calculator with laptop.

Don’t let the computer run all day. Only power on the computer, monitor, printer and fax machine when you need them. Don’t leave them on after you’re finished working. Computers and other office equipment still use energy in sleep mode.

Choose your modern

electronics, more efficient,

such as monitors LCD

instead of CRT.

Do not use air conditioners only if absolutely necessary.

Try to keep doors and windows closed during the day and cover them with blinds or finally curtains to block sunlight.

Install water saving devices. Use low-flow showerheads on all showers and

faucet aerators on all faucets to reduce your hot water use.

Install a water softener. If you have hard water, install a water softener to prevent

mineral deposits from coating the elements. This helps prolong water heater life and saves

energy and money.

Use the microwave. Cook using your microwave

oven rather than your standard oven or range. It

creates less heat and humidity in your home.

Avoid unnecessary opening the refrigerator door.

Select the right size. Determine your household’s needs before purchasing a refrigerator or freezer. One that is too large wastes energy.

Do not use dishwasher only if

absolutely necessary.

Replace old windows with new high

performance dual pane windows.

Thanks!