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ClockAn instrument used to indicate timeDevice for measuring and displaying timeOne of the oldest human inventionsNot always display time but it may also used to control a
device according to time.
ClockSUNDIAL B.C. 742
oldest devicethe sun casting a shadow onto
a cylindrical stone. it can only tell time when the
sun is shining.
ClockCLEPSYDRAE 1400 BC
Water clockInvented by the EgyptiansUsed during at night and
cloudy daysThe amount of water that
flowed into and out of a device.
ClockSANDGLASS A.D. 330
HourglassFine sand pours through tiny
hole at a constant rate.Indicates a predetermined
passage of an arbitrary period
ClockCandle and Stick of
IncenseA.D. 885
It burned down at approximately predictable speeds to estimate the passing time.
Alfred the great used candles as clocks.
ClockYear Divided into Months and DaysGreeks who worked on a
system taken from the ancient Babylonians and Egyptians.
ClockDividing the day into hours and secondsBabylonians and Greeks
divided the day into 12 hours of each light and dark. (Equinox days)
Hipparchus with Greek astronomers used Sumerial sexagesimal system. The astronomical calculation was a base of 60.
ClockAstronomical Clock Tower A.D.1020-1101
Song Dynasty Horologist and Engr. Su Song
It was driven by a large waterwheel, chaindrive and escapement mechanism
ClockMercury Clock A.D. 1277
First mercury powered automata clock
It was described in the Libros del Saber
Invented by Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi (Muslim)
Clock‘ 2 METRE ’ A.D. 1322It was installed in NorwichThis had a large ‘ 2 metre’
astronomical dial with automata and bells.
Clock Richard Wallingford’s Clock A.D. 1336It had a large astrolabe-type
dial, showing the sun, the moon’s age, phase, and node, a star map.
It had a wheel of fortune and an indicator of the state of the tide at the London Bridge.
The bell rang every hour.
ClockDondi’s Clock A.D. 1348-1364
Giovanni de DondiIt was a seven-sided
construction, 1 metre high with dials showing the time of day, including min.,motion of planets, an automatic calendar of fixed and movable feasts and a n eclipse prediction hand rotating once every 18 years.
Clock“Horologia” , “ Horologe” A.D. 1368
Greek wordIt was the sound of bells of the
mechanical clocksClockmaking in England
started.
ClockSalisbury Cathedral Clock A.D. 1386
World’s Oldest Suriving Mechanical Clock that strikes the hours.
ClockSpring-driven clock A.D. 1430
It is the chamber clock given to Peter the Good, Duke of Burgundy
It is now placed in Germanisches National Museum.
ClockClock Dials A.D. 1475
Early clock dials did not indicate minutes and seconds.
A clock with a dial indicating minutes was illustrated in a manuscript by Paulus Almanus.
Clock‘ Second Hand’ A.D. 1560
A second hand clock was placed in the Fremersdorf Collection.
However, this clock could not have been accurate. It was probably for indicating that he clock was working.
ClockMechanical weight-driven astronomical clock
A.D. 1556-1559It is a mechanical weight-driven
astronomical clock with a verge-and-foliot escapement, a striking train of gears, an alarm, and a representation of the moon’s phases.
Ottoman Engr. Taqi al-Din
Clock‘ Three Dials’ A.D. 1577-1580
It is an observational clock for the Istanbul observatory of Taqi al-Din
“ A mechanical clock with three dials which shows the hours, the minutes, and the seconds.”
ClockBürgi’s Clock A.D. 1584
The cross-beat escapement was invented by Jost Bürgi, who also developed the remontoire.
It was a great improvement in accuracy as they were correct to within a minute a day.
ClockA.D. 1581
An Italian Atronomer and Physicist, Galileo, discovered the properties of the Pendulum
ClockPendulum-driven clock A.D. 1657
Christiaan Huygens, Dutch Physicist, who made the first controlled pendulum clock.
He determined the mathematical formula that related pendulum length to time (99.38 cm or 39.13 ‘’ for the one second movement.
ClockPendulum Suspension Spring A.D. 1670 - 1It is introduced by the English
clockmaker, William Clement.Within just one generation,
minute hands and then second hands were added.
ClockH5 A.D. 1761
It doesn't contain pendulum.It could determine longitude
accuratelyJohn HarrisonHis H5 clock was in error by
less than 5 seconds over 10 weeks.
Clock1840-1841
Alexander Bain, Scottish clockmaker
He was the first patented the electromagnetic pendulum.
The clocks were working with external batteries.
ClockUnited States 19th century
Clocks were one of the first items to be mass produced and also to use interchangeable parts.
The clock has batteries inside.
ClockQuartz Crystal Clock A.D. 1970
Quartz Crystal is a rock that looks like a glass.
An electronic oscillator is used and regulated by the quartz crystal to keep time.
It is more accurate than the mechanical clocks
It has been the popular clocks used in timekeeping technology.
ClockModern Day Clocks:
Digital Clock20th century
Display a numeric representation of time.
The 12-hour notation with am/pm.
ClockTalking clock 20th century
For convenience, distance, telephony or blindness, auditory clocks present the time as sounds.
Sound : Spoken natural language or as auditory codes.
ClockProjection Clock 20th century
Some digital clocks include an optical projector that shines a magnified image of the time display onto a screen or onto a surface.
ClockTactile Clocks 20th century
These are clocks for the blind that have displays that can be read by using the sense of touch.
A device using Braille code to show the digits so they can be felt with the fingertips.
CLOCK
Time line of Clock
BC AD
742 : Sundial 330 : Sandglass 1400 : Clepsydrea 885 : Candle & Stick of Incense
Timeline of ClockCentury
1oth - 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th
Astronomical Clock Tower 1277 :Mercury Clock
1322 : Astronomical Dial
1430 : Spring-Driven Clock 1556 - 1559 :
with automat and bells Mechanical weight
1283 : Dunstable Priory 1475 : Clock Dials driven astronomical
1336 : Richard clock
1292 : 'Great Horloge' Willingford's Clock
1560 : ' Secondhand
1348-1364 : Dondi's Clock clock
1577 - 1580 : 1368 : "Horologia" Three Dials' clockmaking in Egland 1581 : Pendulum by Galileo 1584 : Bürgi's clock
Timeline
Century
16th 17th 18th 19th 20th
1610 : Watchmaking 1761 : H5 clock 1840 -1 : 1st Clock has Digital Clock
Industry in Geneva patented the batteries inside
1771 : Eli Terry Electromagnetic Talking Clock
1657 : Pendulum pendulum 1970 : Quartz
driven clock Crystal clock Projection Clock
1670 - 1 : Pendulum Tactile Clock
Suspension Spring