Tumors in HIV

Risk for HIV/AIDS cancer

• They have high risk to develop some types of cancer:• Kaposi sarcoma• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma• Cervical cancer

• Less common: Hodgkin lymphoma, angiosarcoma and types of skin cancer

Kaposi sarcoma• Most common HIV/AIDS-related cancer• More common in men than women• Cases have decreased after HIV treatment has

improved• In the beginning when AIDS became widespread the

five-year survival rate was <10%• Now the the five-year survival rate was >72%• Often HIV patients die from other diagnosis than this

sarcoma, even if they have Kaposi sarcoma as well

Kaposi sarcoma symptoms

• Colored lesions around the mouth/throat

• Lymphedema, mostly arm or leg• Unexplained cough or chest pain• Unexplained stomach or intestinal pain• Unexplained bleeding from mouth or

rectum• Diarrhea and/or blockage of the

digestive tract

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

• Second most common type• 57% of NHL patients already have AIDS• 30% are diagnosed with NHL and AIDS

at the same time• Antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has

decreased the occurrence of NHL in HIV patients (before HAART the mortality rate was close to 100%)

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

• HIV/AIDS patients have more aggressive course of the disease• 59% HIV-NHL patients died within 2

years• 29% in non-HIV NHL patients

• Recovery chances depends on stage of lymphoma, , the persons age, the stren

• gth of the immune system, health history

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms

• Enlarged lymph nodes in the abdomen, groin, neck, or underarms

• Enlarged spleen or liver• Fever that cannot be explained by an

infection or other illness• Weight loss with no known cause• Sweating and chills

Symptoms in case of cervical cancer

• Bloody spots or light bleeding between or following menstrual periods

• Menstrual bleeding that is longer and heavier than usual

• Bleeding after sexual intercourse, douching, or a pelvic examination

• Pain during sexual intercourse• Bleeding after menopause• Increased vaginal discharge

Risk factors for cancer dev. in HIV

patient• HPV infection– risk for cervical cancer. Transmitted during sex (early age, many partners, sex with man who has penile warts)• Prevention: HPV vaccine

• HHV-8 infection – risk for Kaposi sarcoma and primary effusion lymphoma

• EBV infection – risk for primary central nervous system lymphoma, high-grade B-cell lymphoma, and primary effusion lymphoma

Sources• http://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/hiv

-and-aids-related-cancer

• http://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/hiv-and-aids-related-cancer/view-all