Contents

Topic pages

1 Introduce about india architecture 3

2 Taj Mahal 4-5

3 Taj Lake Palace 6-7

4 Indonesia Yogjakarta 8-9

5 Konark Sun Temple

10-11

6 Amritsar Golden Temple

12-13

7 Qutub Minar

14-15

8 Khajuraho temple complex 16-17

9 Conclusion 18

10 References 19

Introduction about india architecture

Ancient India is one of the four ancient civilizations, its architectural culture has a

long history, generally have the following architectural style.

Early Indian architecture (BC 1500 to 1200) are mostly built by adobe, in the

Indian River has several thriving city. These cities have well-planned grid system,

the main street to form a rectangular block.

Buddhist architecture (300 BC - 320 AD)

This original wood and adobe buildings, the oldest surviving building on the

current point of view, there are three main forms: live in caves carved cave

preaching sermons, pagoda. In order for these types of Shentang are designed to

meet a large number of followers. The main form and detail sermons Cave

followed the wooden architecture of the early prototypes. Stupa for hemispherical

grave mound, around it there for believers during a walk on the road, held

ceremonies in India was undoubtedly the most representative Sangqifota. Buddhist

temple is Shentang stone structure, its external mostly covered with rich carving

material.

Islamic architecture (AD 600 to 1500)

The main building types are mosques and palaces. Mosques are mostly rectangular

layout courtyard, there are a prayer hall, the pattern is completely symmetrical.

Exterior with glass bricks, plaster carved stone tiles pattern or colour bars,

decorative grandeur. Decorative use of round, square and other geometric symbols

symbolic patterns, combined with leaf ornaments and Arabic text. The famous Taj

Mahal mausoleum is a masterpiece of Islamic architecture, beautiful,

incomparable.

1、Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal

The Taj Mahal in India and the world is full of the most famous tombs were called

miracle on earth architecture. It is located in the northern Indian city of Glasgow

Gentiles suburbs south bank of Yamuna, can be reached by train from New Delhi

3 hours.

Mughal emperor Shah Khan Taiji Mahal blooming beauty, brilliance, Shah Khan

patrol along the way the tragic death, when he was 39 years old. To

commemorate with inseparable Shah Khan, mobilized more than 20,000 workers

built this mausoleum.

The Taj Mahal was built in 1632 to 1653 was completed, the duration of up to 22

years. Hill north to south and 580 meters wide and 305 meters, the middle is a

beautiful square gardens. Middle of the garden is a marble pool, the pool at the

end of the tomb. All with white marble mausoleum brick, forming a very holy

reflection in the clear pool.

The platform is the tomb of red sandstone, with white marble mausoleum

formation of contrasting shades. Central tomb covered with a dome 17 meters in

diameter, towering yet full to the sky as the background, constitutes the sublime

Clean contours. Mausoleum each corner a 41 m high minarets. Supporting the

construction of the mausoleum on both sides of the mosque, exactly the same

style. Domed tomb underground palace, white marble walls inlaid with precious

stones.

Grand magnificent Taj Mahal. Early morning or evening is the best time to watch

the Taj Mahal, the Taj Mahal this time showing unparalleled purity, serene and

beautiful.

3、Taj Lake Palace

Taj Lake Palace

Udaipur is often called the Venice of the East, because the city

lakes everywhere, the most eye-catching is an artificial lake

leather pull autumn (Pichola Lake), as well as full of magnificent

palace built in the center of the lake would be surprising or tall

as Whitewater Wonderland palace. It is said that the palace was

built in 1746, this is the summer palace of the emperor Maharana

Jagat Singh II, has been converted into a five-star hotel Taj Lake

Palace. Entire palace is like an independent kingdom, guests must

spend a luxury yacht, swaying lake, just enjoy the beauty of the

palace.

Almost the entire palace built of marble make elegant palace

gardens and more flowers, spa, two main restaurant meal in

accordance with the park, lakes and landscape construction, while

doing close your eyes, delicious food while enjoying the

treatment.

With 83 rooms and suites, the emperor lived here, of course,

luxury suites, 17 different functions, such as the moon suites,

all rooms with crystal chandeliers and gold carvings, marble

columns, as well as private swing door, do was kingly.

Palace area, patio and indoor similar, such as the Grand Palace,

why palace built in the narrow channel portal, because the enemy

is very small defensive purposes, when soldiers invaded relief;

while intrauterine room has a different architectural style, the

King had a different and preferences, there are glass and mirror

palace, some luxurious marble billiard room grand palace. As for

the most beautiful part of the palace, which is peacock atrium

walls remain colorful peacock mosaic pattern, the emperor said,

before enjoying dance places extraordinarily gorgeous. It is worth

mentioning that the palace has an outdoor cafe peripherals, their

pizza tastes class is a good place to rest.

Indonesia Yogjakarta (Borobudor)

Indonesia Yogjakarta (Borobudor)

Borobudur "The meaning of the name comes from the Sanskrit

Vihara Buddha Ur ", meaning" pagoda "hill.

Borobudur is approximately between 750 to 850 AD by the then

ruling the island of Java in summer even in Tel Kings (Sailendra)

for collection of a small portion of the ashes of the Buddha, spent

hundreds of thousands of peasants and slaves, with near rivers

andesite and basalt, with over a decade of time blocks. By the

early tenth century, volcanic eruptions, make this pagoda group

sinking, and implicitly covered in dense tropical jungle almost a

thousand years, until the 19th century to reproduce the light of

day.

Borobudur stupa is a solid, no windows, no pillars. It's like looking

down from above in a Vajrayana Buddhist mandala,

simultaneously representing the Buddhist deep and spiritual

worlds. It is a quadrilateral pyramid, a total of ten layers of the

tower, a symbol of ten ten-store tower Dharma, this monument

known as the "five towers."

Three parts of the Buddhist stupa represents the world leading

three practice realm, namely: Yujie (Kamadhatu), colored circles

(Rupadhatu) and formless (Arupadhatu).

This magnificent building magnificent Buddhist art, and the Great

Wall, India's Taj Mahal, Angkor in Cambodia and China's famous

pyramids of Egypt, has been hailed as the world's top five

wonders of the ancient Orient.

Konark Sun Temple

Konark Sun Temple

The konark sun temple is india most stately building, not only

magnificent appearance, perfect proportions, but also reflects a

religious harmony. It is located in the easternindian state of

Orissa, Kona Mubarak Village, on the verge of the bay of Bengal.

Temple built in the 13th century, the shape is unique sun god

Surya’s chariot. 24 wheels decorated with character patterns, 7

horses pulling the chariot. Today ,most being destroyed, leaving

only half of the original, but still left the ruins of the building

without losing its charm year.

The temple’s main hall has three carved Titan by Blackstone.

Rising from the sea every morning sunrise will be mapped in the

first bunch Titan head, temples revolution around the sun always

shines on these three Titan’s body. Into the Sun Temple, the face

is bluestone brick ballroom, but now only remained three meters

tall base wall, a wall carved with the crowd, dancing and varied,

and looked different. The entire main hall looks like a giant

chariot, is made with red-brown stone. The main hall is about 50

meters and a width of 40 meters, the wall thickness of 2m. a

total of 24 wheels of the chariot, each wheel has a diameter of

about 2 meters, engraved with beautiful patterns, as well as eight

thick wedge-shape spokes. According to report, seven horses said

one week for seven days, 24 wheels, said there 24 hours a day.

Chariot appearance lined patterns and statues, while the largest

number in the statue, the most impressive, the performance of

court life or those of luxury, extravagance relief, and some

larger-than-life characters, vivid modality realistic.

Amritsar Golden Temple

Amritsar Golden Temple

Amritsar Golden Temple is located in the Indian border city of Amritsar,

situated on one called "Strom," the central pool surrounded by walls studded

with gleaming marble, gilded entire building almost the whole body, very

spectacular. This is known as "the Sikh holy crown jewel" of architecture,

style and elegant, sleek, both Islamic architecture of solemn silence, another

Hindu gorgeous bright buildings.

Golden Temple is the Sikh temple non-Hindus cannot enter. The temple

dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva.

As a Sikh shrines, Amritsar means "nectar pond." Then only Hindu reformist

Sikh branches, through unremitting efforts of several generations of

Catholics, culminating in the 16th century developed into a fully independent

religion, therefore, when the founder of Sikhism 4th generation Roma Das

has built a pools, called "nectar pond", Amritsar, hence the name. The Sikh

Golden Temple by the fifth generation founder Arjun in 1589 presided over

the construction, completed in 1601, so far has been 400 years of history.

Because of the size 19 circular temple and the temple are covered with gold

foil top, in the sunshine, exceptionally bright, Sikhs have long been known

as the "house of God."

Golden Temple is located in the excavated area of 1500 square meters of

lakes in the middle, a 60 m-long pier leading to the lake in the center. Calm

lake temple reflected in the water, adds a special charm temple.

Golden Temple castle gatehouse, there were five white bell tower and

Golden plum-shaped size. Everywhere you looked, awe-inspiring

atmosphere, resplendent reflect over the entire field of vision. The total area

of about 10 hectares of the Golden Temple, inside a rectangular layout, the

center of an artificial lake, surrounded by a dozen meters wide, surrounded

by black and white marble, towering castle erecting poly spotlights from four

directions to the center, a golden the temples stand tall in the middle of the

lake, "the house of god" will be in front.

Qutub Minar

Qutub Minar

Qutub Minar located in Delhi South, built in the early 13th century.

This red sandstone spiers high 72.5 meters. Base diameter of 14.32

meters, 2.75 meters in diameter tower peak, tapering upward from

the bottom groove decorative tower angular and rounded

interspersed appear.

Archaeological area around the building, including some tombs: the

famous have built in 1311 Indian Muslim art boutique Ala Yi -

Darvaza door; and two mosques, one of which is Library Vatu

mosque. The temple is the oldest mosque in northern India, which

supplies more than 20 blocks from the Brahmin temple.

Qutub Minar is the tallest building in Delhi, called "one of the seven

wonders of India." It was built in the late 12th century, has been

Qibabainian history. Tower rounded maroon, 72.56 meters high, the

bottom diameter of about 14.4 meters, nearly 2.7 meters in diameter

at the top. It is said that there are seven layers Qutub Minar, now

remaining five layers, each separated by a circular balcony room. The

first storey 29 meters, the second storey 15.5 meters, a few meters

above the layers decreasing. Tower of attractive appearance,

architectural style and chic. The first to third layers are constructed

with red sandstone, each tower decorative appearance of a

protruding fold lines, and the shape is different, the bottom is semi-

circular and triangular cross, the second layer is a semi-circular the

third layer is a triangle. The upper two floors of the tower without

folds, built with white marble, the middle of the red sandstone, the

shape of the tower body wrapped in a red belt.

Khajuraho Temple Complex

Khajuraho Temple Complex

Khajuraho temple complex located in the northeastern part of India 21 square

kilometers, divided into two things, the total number of 85 temples have been

built in AD 950-1050 years. In this historical period, Khajuraho in India, rice area

is law school activity center. Perhaps, from the ravages of conquerors remoteness

here, so there are more than 20 temples temples still quite well preserved.

Khajuraho temple complex, the vast majority are built with hard sandstone river,

the temple has a large number of exquisite sculpture, reliefs hundreds of

pornographic performance piece is based on the eighteenth century, the "Kama

Sutra carvings created content", the characters involved is the relief of God, the

monarchy, military, musicians, dancers, and many civilians, shape lifelike, is a

wonderful Indian civilization.

Khajuraho group of ancient ruins sculptor who left masterpiece. She is from the

temple, now recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site of ancient kings built-

candlelight group.

Although Khajuraho sculpture site is famous erotic, in fact, the temple of

profound philosophical significance richer meaning, they are celebrating life at

that time. Khajuraho site group's name comes from a local tree commonly grown

Khajuraho. The building was built in chandella built temple 85 years, only 22

were saved.

The temple is divided into three zones according to geographic location,

Western, Eastern, Southern, Western architecture, including the most extensive,

the most artistic value. Even the description of specific, real-life photos in

textbooks inside. However, Sculpture porn only a small part of all, but

unfortunately, that is a small fraction of pornographic websites carved pieces let

Khajuraho group cast a bad reputation. While the Eastern and Southern Districts

of beautiful architecture, magnificent compared to the West End, is significantly

less.

Conclusion

India gives the impression that the dirty and messy. Actually not the

case, I also have just started with the same idea, but it was a unique

sense of mystery so I want to know about it. India is a multi-racial

country, a long history of building added to the mystery. Most

buildings are included India advocated religious freedom spirit. Not

to be bound by the thoughts and ideas created the India one after

another spectacular building; bold style does not cover other Asian

countries to overthrow the original architectural style. Influence of

Indian architecture is very large, there are still other countries to

follow its architectural style. Indian designers to intricate drawings

carved in stone and walls, some buildings even need to spend a long

period of time to build up. Because of their indomitable spirit to build

all of this, but because of various factors that lead to these ancient

buildings suffered damage. Efforts and development of technology

people can use these world heritage has been repaired, so we should

cherish these precious heritage in order to allow future generations

to witness firsthand the miracle of the history.

Reference

http://www.mjjq.com/blog/archives/645.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Palace

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogyakarta