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Historical and Cultural Aspects of Beer & Culture in America - Prepared for SFSU, HTM

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Beer does not make itself properly by itself. It takes an element of mystery and of things that no one can understand. ~Fritz Maytag, Anchor Brewing2

Of Man and SudsAncient BrewersThrough the Dark YearsBeer Arrives in America!After the RevolutionProhibitionThe Lean YearsLegalize It!

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Ancient BrewersDomestication of GrainsCradle of CivilizationNinkasi lady who fills the mouthEgypt drank beer every dayKept them healthyKept them quiet

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Through the BronzeThe first wine snobsGreek land was rockyBad for grainsRomans prized bread over beerFeed TroopsBoth Cultures generally looked down on beer drinkers There were a few exceptions though

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A Beer as old as SocietyName: Midas TouchBy: Dogfish Head Brewing, Milton, DEABV: 9.0%Taste: Somewhere between wine, ale, and meadIngredients: honey, barley, muscat grapes, saffron, aged hops, water, yeastNote: 2,700 year old pottery jars that belonged to King Midas

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First Beer GeekPliny the ElderWrote the Naturalis HistoriaNamed Flora & FaunaTraveled the Roman EmpireRecorded the growth of hop vines in GaulFirst account of aging beers

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Colonies to coloniesDark Ages 5th c to 15th cBrewing is part of everyday lifeAlewivesGerman Beer Purity Law of 1516Reinheitsgebot severely limited beer ingredientsAs countries colonized the world, they took tradition with them

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Keeping to TraditionName: Weihenstephaner OriginalBy: Bayerishce Staatsbrauerei WeihenstephanABV: 5.1%Taste: very mild, a touch of bread, a bit of spiceIngredients: water, barley, hops, yeastNote: from the oldest still operating brewery in the world AD 1040

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Colonies to colonies1587 Virginia Colonists brew first beer in Americawith corn!First help wanted signs went up in London seeking Brewmasters for the Colonies

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First American Breweries1612 Block & ChristiansenFirst paved street in America Brouwers Strasse1614 First non-native American born in Hans & Christiansens brew houseBy 1660, there are 26 breweries

11Brewing up a New World

Beer & ColonizationFirst wave of Non-British Immigrants The GermansBreweries open all over the colonies.By 1750 there are over 100 breweries!Ushered in the Golden Age of Taverns as centers for:CommerceLegal DiscussionPolitical Enlightenment

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Bringing It With ThemName: Aecht Schlenkerla MarzenBy: Brauerei Heller-Trum / SchlenkerlaABV: 5.4%Taste: rich smoky smell & taste, baconIngredients: water, smoked barley, hops, yeastNote: Similar to farm stead lagers made by Early German immigrants

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Beer & Colonization1754 General George Washington enters a beer recipe in his personal notebook.1765 The French build a brewery in Illinois. It is the first brewery outside the 13 colonies.1789 Buy American policy first institutedGeorge Washington says he will only drink porter made in America

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Beer Fit for a RebellionName: Samuel Smith Imperial StoutBy: Samuel Smith Old Brewery, N. Yorks, ENGABV: 7.0%Taste: rich chocolate, touches of smoke and toffee, balancedIngredients: water, barley, hops, yeastNote: Similar to early American Porters, preferred by working class15

Revolution Civil WarTastes and preferences didnt change much.Classic English StylesClassic German StylesHome brewing was commonIn 1810 just over 180,000 barrels brewed (5.5 million gallons)

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Go West, young man ~John SouleWestward ExpansionOpened new territory to be settledTapped new resourcesGreat Plains = BreadbasketRocky MountainsFuel for the American Industrial RevolutionLed to the brewing revolution much later

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Irish InfluenceThe Irish were one of the largest immigrant groups1841-1880Over 4 million during the Potato Famine The Irish immigration helped fuel the fire of the industrial revolutionDug canals and laid railroadsThe Irish brought dark heavy beers Porters led to StoutsFull of nutrients and calories

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Sutters Mill 1848Population over 90,000 by 1849Adam Shuppert BreweryStockton & JacksonGottlieb BreckleHelped solve lager problem

19Extra! Extra! Gold Found in California!

1st American Beer Style: Steam Beer (aka California Common)

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Local SudsName: Anchor Steam BeerBy: Anchor Brewing Co., San Francisco, CAABV: 4.9%Taste: mild caramel and toffee, light piney hopsIngredients: water, barley, hops, yeastNote: Still using 100+ year old equipment

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Industrial Revolution1870s - Adolphus Busch helps develop refrigerated railroad car1876 Louis Pasteur Estudes sur la Biere1892 William Painters crown capsBy 1910, # of breweries drops drasticallyFrom >3700 to