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Sub topic : History of Internet

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Recap

In the previous class, you have learnt about

• An internet

• History of Internetworking

• Internetworking challenges

• Open System Interconnection Reference Model

• Inter network Addressing

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Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able to know about

• What is an Internet ?

• History of Internet

• Advantages of Internet

• Internet today

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The Internet

• Internet sometimes called simply “the net” is not at all a network

• It is a vast collection of different networks that uses certain common protocols

• It provides common services to networks

• It is not planned by any one and is not controlled by any one

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• An “internet” (lower case letter i ) is two or more

networks that can communicate with each other

• The most notable internet is called “ Internet” (upper

case letter I) a collaboration of more than hundreds of

thousands of interconnected networks

The Internet contd…..

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“The Internet is a structured and organized

communication system that has brought a wealth of

information to our fingertips and organized it for our

use”

The Internet contd…..

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Fig.1 Overview of Internet

Router

Server farmNAP

backboneRegional ISP

POP

Telephonesystem

CorporateLAN

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History of Internet

• In 1960’s main frame computers are stand alone machines

• The Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) in the department of defense was interested in finding a way to connect computers

• In 1967, at the Association of computing machinery (ACM) meeting ARPA presented its idea for ARPANET, a small network of connected computers

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• Each host computer would be attached to a specialized

computer called an interface message processor (IMP)

• Each IMP had to be able to communicate with each

other IMP’s as well as with its own attached host

• By 1969, ARPANET was a reality and four Universities

were connected via the IMP’s to form a network

History of Internet contd….

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• In 1973 Vict.cerf and Bob khan presented a paper

on transmission control protocols (TCP) to achieve end to

end delivery of packets and on the concepts such as

encapsulation ,datagram, and functions of gateways

• Later TCP are split in to transmission control protocols

and internet protocols

• Internetworking protocols became known as TCP/IP

History of Internet contd….

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Advantages of Internet

• The Internet has revolutionized many aspects of our daily

lives

• It has affected the ways we do business and the ways we

spend our leisure time

• Perhaps you have sent e-mail to a business associate

• Paid a utility bill

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• Read a news paper from a distant city

• Looked up a local movie schedule

• May be researched a medical topic

• Booked a hotel reservation etc…

all by using Internet

“Internet has brought a wealth of information to our fingertips and organized it fir our use”

Advantages of Internet contd….

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The Internet Today

• The internet today is made up of many wide and local area networks joined by connecting devices and switching stations

• It is continually adding new addresses and networks and networks of defunct companies are being removed

• Today most end users who want Internet connection use the services of Internet Service Provider (ISP)

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• There are International service providers,

national

service providers, Regional service providers

and local

service providers

• The Internet is run by private companies not by

the

government

The Internet Today contd….

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Structure of a

national ISP

ISP9 ISP ISP ISP

Regional ISP Regional ISP

National ISP

X X

X XXX

…….

Fig. 2 Hierarchical Organization of the Internet

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National ISP

National ISPNational ISP

National ISP National ISP

NAP

xx

x

Interconnection of national ISPs

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Summary

In this class, you have learnt about

• Internet

• History of Internet

• Advantages of Internet

• The Internet today

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Quiz

1. The Internet came in to existence in the year

a)1968

b)1969

c)1970

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2. The protocols for Internet were designed by

a) Vict.cerf and Bob khan

b) Albert Einstein

c) Neapier

Quiz

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3. TCP is responsible for

a). Datagram routing

b). Segmentation

c). Error detection

Quiz

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4. Internet is run by

a) Government

b) Private companies

c) Both a and b

Quiz

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Questions

1.What is Internet ?

2.List the uses an Internet

3.Write brief history of Internet

4.Explain the hierarchical organization of Internet

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Assignment

1. Write the history of Internet

2. Explain different application of Internet