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1. Define: Traditional European Warfare,Guerrilla Warfare, Siege, Prime
Minister.
2. Summarize the causes and effects of the French and Indian War.
3. Compare traditional European warfare with guerilla warfare and identify the advantages and disadvantages of both.
4. Analyze how the war would weaken the colonists loyalty to Great Britain.
The world’s two superpowers have already fought 3 indecisive wars.
The French and Indian War will be the fourth and decisive round of this heavy
weight fight.
Blue: Great Britain, Prussia, Portugal with allies.
Green: France, Spain, Austria, Russia, Sweden with allies.
Virginia’s governor sent a militia into the ORV to contest the French.
An army of citizen soldiers.
They were led by George Washington.
After the French officer, Jumonville, surrendered he was tomahawked in the head by “the Half King.”
After the firing ceased, Washington’s Native American ally took matters into his own hands.
In his account, the French were surrounded while some still slept. Alerted by a noise, one of the Frenchmen:
“…fired a Gun upon which Col. Washington gave the Word for all his Men to fire. Several of them being killed, the rest betook themselves to flight, but our Indians having gone
round the French...they fled back to the English and delivered up their Arms...Some Time after, the Indians came up, the
Half King took his Tomahawk and split the Head of the French Captain having first asked if he was an Englishman
and having been told he was a French Man. He then took his Brains and washed his Hands with them and then scalped
him.”
Private John Shaw
Knowing the French will react, Washington orders the construction of Fort Necessity.
60 Miles
July 4, 1754 – Washington surrendered to the French.
Britain sends General Braddock along with more troops to the colonies.
Washington escorts Braddock into the ORV.
The North American terrain made things very difficult for General Braddock.
"We dined in a hollow cotton wood tree, in which 29 men could be ranged side by
side."
Father Joseph-Pierre de BonnecampsAug. 7, 1749
An engineering feat, hundreds of men cleared a 12-foot-wide path for Braddock’s 2,400 troops.
By By George, I George, I
think think we’ve we’ve
done it! done it!
Just 10 miles from Fort Duquesne...
Braddock’s 2,400 Redcoats are crushed by a force of 900 French and Natives.
900 French Troops & Native Warriors 2400 British Troops
Think of a boxer who doesn’t have the size and reach advantage. How does he compensate for that disadvantage?
The French & Natives used Guerrilla Warfare.
Fast moving, small-scale ambushes.
The North American terrain suited these tactics.
For more than 2 years, the outnumbered French won battle after battle.
Britain’s new Prime Minister, William Pitt, sent better prepared troops, to North America.
The highest official in the British government.
David Cameron
William Pitt
Attack after attack on Quebec City fail.
For 3 months, the British lay siege to Quebec City.
Enemy forces are trapped and starved into surrender.
During the siege, 535 buildings were destroyed including the church of
Notre-Dame-de-la-Victoire.
The Indians abandon the French.
Outnumbered, the French leave their forts.
By 1763, the British control most of New France.
The French burn and desert Fort Duquesne after General Forbes, of the British, convinces Natives to
abandon the French.
The war was COSTLY for both sides.
Treaty of ParisTreaty of Paris - Ended the French & Indian War.Great Britain gains French territory.
The British colonists are eager to settle this new territory.
The British question colonial loyalty.
A day to prove yourself!A day to prove yourself!
Today is an exciting dayToday is an exciting day
Word BankWord BankFour Mississippi Immigrants Le Boeuf Two
Paris Rocky Appalachian George Washington Pitt
Siege Abraham Lincoln
Ohio River Valley New England Three
British Ohio Urban Mercantilism Necessity
Mouth 8,200 Braddock Confluence 2,400
McHenry Duquesne Disease Guerilla Island
Debt French Capitalism Terrain Allegheny
Words in this word bank can be used more than once or not at all.Words in this word bank can be used more than once or not at all.
1. In our discussion so far, how many trips has George Washington made to Western Pennsylvania AND why?
2. List 3 things the French did to prevent English encroachment in to the Ohio River Valley.
