Harmful Effects of Computers On Environment

Sukrit Gupta

Presenter:-

Why THIS topic????

TODAY:• 36 million PCs in INDIA only.• About 30 people per 1 PC ratio.• Geysers are used in winters and Air Conditioners in Summers BUT COMPUTERS 24*7 all over the

world.

IN 10 YEARS:• 100 million PCs in INDIA• About 12:1 ratio per PC WE yet do not know that COMPUTERS (which we stick to everyday)

DO HARM OUR ENVIRONMENT. So there is a need for MASS AWARENESS about it.

What all Présentation Includes???• Need for this Presentation.• E-WASTE (Computer waste Being a part of E-waste).• Effects of computer on environment.• Disposal of computer waste.• W.E.E.E• NComputing (Green Computing)• What can we do to save our Environment from

Computers. • What about the companies which make the

Computers.

« THE ‘ NEED’ ?? »The sale of computers is growing …….

And that too EXPONENTIALLY^^^^

The Impact of So Many PCs on the Environment

Generate 1.8 million metric tons of e-Waste.

The Impact of So Many PCs on the Environment(cont..)

Emit 118 Million Metric tons of CO2 emissions/year

The Impact of So Many PCs on the Environment(cont..)

Computer products often contain hazardous and toxic materials that pose environmental risks if they are landfill or incinerated.

Computer monitor use cathode ray tubes (CRTs), which have major amounts of lead.

Printed circuit boards contain primarily plastic and copper, and most have small amounts of chromium, lead solder, nickel, and zinc.

In addition, many computers have batteries that often contain nickel, cadmium, and other heavy metals.

• Computer generated waste Is a part of E-waste..

•E WASTE

INTRODUCTION

• Electronic Waste pr “e-waste” is a waste consisting of any broken or unwantedelectrical or electronic appliance.

• Term used to describe old, end of life or discarded appliances using electricity and battery.

• It is a point of concernconsidering that manycomponents of suchequipment areconsidered toxic and arenot biodegradable.

SOURCES OF E-WASTE

The table constitutes composition of various electronics equipments.

• 0-10% - Monitors and Televisions• 10-15% - Computers , Telephones,Radios, etc.• 15-20% - Refrigerators• 20-30% - Washing machines, Dryers, Coffee Machines, Irons etc.

TOXIC SUBSTANCES PRESENT IN E-WASTE

There are many harmful materials used in computers including

lead , cadmium, mercury and plastics.

Who gets the Thrash?

• According to an estimate India generates nearly 2 lakh tons of E-waste annually.

• And added to this another 0.5 0.5-1 lakh ton/annually dumped into the country as scrap.

• The cities in India generating and receiving e-waste are Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bombay ,Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata etc

THE CURRENT SCENARIO IN INDIA

E-WASTE PILING UP

• Mumbai - 11, 017 tonnes• Delhi -9,730 tonnes• Bangalore - 4,648 tonnes• Chennai - 4,132 tonnes• Kolkata - 4,025 tonnes• Ahmedabad - 3,287 tonnes• Hyderabad- 2,833 tonnes• Pune - 2,584 tonnes• Surat - 1,836 tonnes

Harmful Effects of Computer on Environment

• MANUFACTURING

• UTILISATION

• DECOMPOSITION

Manufacturing Stage

• Microchips are made out of Silicon Wafers that produce extravagant amount of pollution.

• Producing wafers cost us 4,267 cubic feet of bulk gases, 27 pounds of chemicals, 29 cubic feet of hazardous gases and 9 pounds of hazardous waste.

• Manufacturing of a normal PC approx. 30'000 mega joule in energy are used.

Utilizing

• As the demand for larger monitors and more memory chips grows due to developments in multimedia, so does the level of toxins and fumes released into the environment contributing even more to the problem.

• Pollution caused by computers has a large effect on society. It has effects on the environment due to paper consumption, energy consumption

• Disease by computer

Decomposition

• The more new computer models produced, the more old models get thrown out.

• Actually 90--92% of the computer components can be reused but it is rarely done.

• E-waste cannot be dumped into the ground and has to be thrown out somewhere that is why it takes a lot of place to keep the garbage.

• Burning the whole lot causes harmful pollution to the environment . The major pollutant from this is CO2

Do you think Computer Always helps?

“I DONT’’

PROBLEM

• How to manage computer waste

• How to dispose computer waste

The best ways to manage itare

Methods of Safe and Clean Electronic Waste Disposal

• Redesign of computer components• Consumer Education• Updated Sorting Methods• Samples taken of soil, air, and water

in areas surrounding disposal sites

WEEE

• Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment.

• Came into force in 1st July 2007

• Moto to dispose E-waste in echo friendly manner

WEEE CATEGORIES OF EQUIPMENT

• Household appliances—Ex-: Cooling appliances,Refrigerators, Washing machines etc.

• IT Instruments— Ex-: Mini Computers, printers etc.

• Electrical and electronic tools—Ex-: Drills, Solder etc.

• Monitoring and control instruments—Ex-: Smoke detector,Heating regulators.

NCOMPUTING

Maximize your investment in PCs by sharing their excess power with many users for as little as $70 each.Up to 11 users on a low-cost desktop Hundreds of users on a server.

How It NComputing Virtual Desktops Work?

1) NComputing vSpace desktop virtualization software creates virtual independent desktops inside one Windows or Linux PC.2) NComputing User eXtension Protocol (UXP) delivers an efficient, secure, multimedia interface.3) NComputing access devices are small, silent, energy-efficient, reliable, and veryinexpensive.

Greenest Computing on Earth

• Cut Electricity 90%

• – Only use 1 to 5 watts of electricity (compared to 110 watts or PCs)

• – Radically cut electricity costs and carbon footprint

• – Lower heat generation means cooler work area

• No Obsolescence• – Solid state device has 10 year life and no

moving parts to fail• – Only one PC to replace/upgrade and many

users benefit

• Reduce e-waste• – NComputing devices only weigh 100 grams

(compared to 10 kg for PCs)

Energy Reduction• Display

CRT monitors contains significant amounts of lead .LCD contains LEDs which consume less power and has better display

• Video CardNo video card use a shared terminal, shared thin client, or desktop sharing software

if display required.

• Operating System SupportHibernate, sleep

• Terminal ServerWhen using the system, users at a terminal connect to a central

server; all of the actual computing is done on the server, but the end user experiences the operating system on the terminal.

These can be combined with thin clients, which use up to 1/8 the amount of energy of a normal workstation, resulting in a decrease of energy costs and consumption.

Strategy

• Laptop instead of PCSaves up to 70 % of energy consumptions

• Use a Ecofriendly search enginesome search engines like EcoSearch.org, donate a

portion of their profit for environmental cause

• Green-Rated EquipmentsUse equipment made of recycle components

• Product LongevityMany hazardous products are used in manufacture

therefore upgrading the pc is better option

• Use plants near P.C.’sPlace plants especially cactus near P.C.’s which can

absorb most of the radiation.

What can WE do???

• First, do not throw away your old Computers! • If they are still working donate them so they

can be reused.• If they are no longer and you want to recycle

them in a responsible way…..

……………………………

What can WE do???(cont…)• Visit

www.computertakeback.com• Website allows you to search for

responsible recycler in your area….

• ….if there aren’t any it provides advice on how to learn if the manufacturer of your product offers responsible recycling programs

• Some, like Apple’s TakeBack Program allow consumers to recycle products.

• Dell also will take back their electronics

« « ..PLEDGE.. » »• Whatever we have learnt we’ll

implement it in our LIFE.

• We’ll always try to search some ways to make our environment BETTER , BETTER and even BETTER……

4 Bearing