GROUP GUIDANCE COURSE

GROUP GUIDANCE CLASS

Graduate School Urdaneta City University Professor: Dr. Edgar Olua

CCCCCICc

This belongs to

Compiled

By

MATSY B. TUMACDANGSummer 2016

Learning Objectives

• What are the three criteria used to define team success?

• Why is team success more than just completing the task?

• What factors determine whether a group has the right set of people?

• In what types of tasks are groups better than individuals? Why?

Source: Group Dynamics for Teams by Daniel Levi

Learning Objectives

• What are the important parts of the group process?

• How does an organization provide a supportive context for teams?

• What are the characteristics of successful teams?


I.Nature of Team Success

• Completing the task:1.Management sees success as defined as performance of the task.2.There are measurement problems; one approach to these problems is to determine whether the products or outputs of the team are acceptable to the owners, customers, and team members (might not always agree).


Nature of Team Success

3.Advantages and Disadvantages:• a. Sometimes there are

disadvantages because time is wasted in developing the team instead of focusing on the task.

• b. Sometimes there are advantages, which show up when unforeseen problems arise and when the team will work together on future tasks


ii. Maintaining Social Relations

• 1. A successful team performs its task and then is better able to perform the next task assigned to it. This is the social relations, group maintenance, or viability aspect of team work. A team must have good internal social relations, in order to help encourage participants to want to work in the team in the future.


ii. Maintaining Social Relations

• 2.Team needs social relations: • a.Cohesion comes from the

emotional ties that team members have with each other.

• b.Good communication depends on understanding and trust.

• c.The capabilities of the team were lost at the end of the project because of the exclusive focus on the task.


iii. Individual Benefit

1.Team should be good for the individual. 2.It should help to improve an individual’s social or interpersonal skills. 3.Should help to broaden an employee’s skills and knowledge and make him or her better aware of the perspectives of other disciplines.


iii.Individual Benefit

4.Help an employee’s career in the organization.

5.Teamwork should be reflected in the employee’s performance evaluations. 6.Increases the amount of

social and emotional support they receive.

7.Great learning experience.


iii.Individual Benefit

8.Team members share their knowledge and expertise, as they

learn how to be good team members, they also develop

communication, organizational, and management skills.

9.People in low social needs will be less rewarded by teamwork.

10.The learning benefits from teamwork primarily come from

successful teams.


iii. Individual Benefit

11.If the team is dysfunctional, it may teach

members to avoid working on teams in the future.

12.The conflict between individual and team success is one of the major unresolved problems with teamwork in

many organizations.


II.Conditions For Team Success

i.Group Composition 1.The qualities that

influence performance: a.The group must

contain people with the knowledge,

skills and abilities that match the requirements of the task.

b.The group must have members

with the authority to represent the relevant parts of

the organization and the power


II.Conditions For Team Success

to implement the group’s decision.

c.The group’s members

must have the necessary group process skills

to operate effectively.


ii.Characteristics of The Task

1.McGrath (1984)-system that explains the different types of

tasks that teams perform.Based on four group

goals—generate, choose, negotiate, and execute—with each goal having two related

tasks.The eight tasks vary along two dimensions:

cognitive-behavioral and cooperation-conflict.


ii.Characteristics of The Task

• 2.Steiner (1972)-system that explains the different ways in which team members’ efforts can be combined. Task demands along three dimensions divisible/unitary, high rate of production (maximization)/high quality solutions (optimization), combine efforts of group members in different ways. Added together, limited by the last member, averaged, selected, or combined in any way the group desires.There are different combinations of the demands of the group tasks.(See Table 2.2 in the book

iii.Group Process

1.Team members must be able to combine their efforts successfully.

2.The internal processes can interfere with success.

3.Effective teams must organize themselves to perform their

tasks, develop social relations to support their operations, and

have leaders who provide direction and facilitate the teams’

operations.


iii.Group Process• 4.Rather than encouraging

performance, working in a group might lead to reduced effort by individual members (This problem is called social loafing).


iv.Organizational Context

1.The organizational context has a significant effect on whether

teams operate successfully (Guzzo & Dickson, 1996).

2.Teams are more likely to be successful in organizations that have supportive organizational

cultures. 3.There are a number of

organizational supports that should be provided to teams so as to help make them function more

effectively (Hackman, 1990b).

iv. Organizational Context

4.Teams perform better when they have clear goals and well-

defined tasks. 5.Teams must have adequate resources including financial, staffing, and training support.

Reliable information is required to make decisions, to coordinate

their efforts with other parts of the organizations, and to plan for future changes. They also need

technical and group process assistance.


iv. Organizational Context

6.Requires efforts of both team members and their

organizations. 7.A team needs feedback on

its performance and an incentive to change.

8.An effective teams requires feedback and rewards from the organization for good

performance.

Ref


III.Characteristics Of Successful Teams

1.Clear direction and goals: Teams need goals to focus their efforts and evaluate

their performance. 2.Good leadership: Leaders are needed to help manage

the internal and external relations of teams and to orient teams toward their

goals.



3.Tasks that are suited for teamwork: Tasks should be

complex, important, and challenging so that they require the integrated

efforts of team members and are not capable of

being performed by individuals.



• 4.Necessary resources to perform the jobs: The resources that teams need include both material resources and training and personnel resources.

• 5.Supportive organizational environment: Organizations must give sufficient power and authority to allow team members to make and implement their direction.



ii.Levi and1.Evaluation and rewards: Teams need fair and

objective criteria for evaluation, team members’ performance

evaluations should relate to their contributions to their teams, and

members should be rewarded when their teams are successful.

2.Social relations: Teams need training social skills so that they

can resolve internal conflicts and function smoothly.

Slem (1995)-five factors:



3.Organizational support: Management, the organizational system, and the organizational

culture must support the use of teams.

4.Task characteristics: Teams need clear direction and goals, tasks

that are appropriate for teamwork, and work that is challenging and important.

5.Leadership: Leaders need to facilitate teams’ interactions and provide assistance to teams when

problems occur.



iii.Larson and La Fasto (1989) are experts in group

communication.Found that the following are important success

factors: 1.Clear goals with standards of excellence 2.Principled leadership 3.External support and recognition



4.Results-oriented structure 5.Competent team members

6.Unified commitment 7.Collaborative climate



• iv.Katzenbach and Smith (1993) are management experts who studied upper level management teams primarily in large organizations.



v.Cohen and Bailey (1997) conducted a

meta-analysis of work teams during the

1990s.They found that factors of success are

different for production,

professional, and managerial teams.


THE END

Matsy B. Tumacdang(Reporter)

14 May 2016)

Thank you!

Education

GROUP GUIDANCE COURSE