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Grammar Book
Alejandra Ashley
Qué vs. Cua
Ser
Estar
Gustar
Transition Words
Imperfect
Triggers Words
Acaba de + inf
Table of Contents
Hacer Formulas
Verbs like Gustar
Reflexives
Tu commands
Dop + placement
Preterite
QUE VS. CUAL
Que Cual
• Used when asking for definitions
• Most often used before nouns
• Same similar and plural forms
• Used when not looking for definitions
• Usually used before any form of ser
Ser
e
EstarH - health E - emotionsL - locationP- present condition
ING
•present participles:
•-ar: -ando
•-er/ir: -iendo or -yendo
T
o like
Yo Me gusta bailar
Tu Te gusta bailar
Ella/El/Ud. Le gusta bailar
Nosotros Nos gusta bailar
Vosotros Las ganas de bailar
Ellas/Ellos/Uds.
Les gusta bailar
Gustar
TRANSITIONAL WORDS
y and
o or
ni nor
after despues
first primero
Finally Por fin
next luego
also tambien
hablaba hablamos
hablabas hablais
hablaba hablan
comia comiamos
comias comiais
comia comian
escribia escribiamos
escribias escribiais
escribia escribian
Regular
Imperfect
Verbs
IR -escribir
AR - hablar
ER - comer
Uses1. On going action (was/were)2. Repeated action (used to)
3. No definite beginning or end4. Time/date/age/feeling/descriptions
5. Interrupted activity
iba ibamos
ibas ibais
iba iban
era eramos
eras erais
era eran
veia veiamos
veias veiais
veia veian
Irregular Imperfect Verbs
IR
VER
SER
•Los lunes= every Monday
•Generalmente= generally
•Mientras= while
•De vez en cuando= occasionally
•Muchas veces= often
•Frecuentemente= frequently
TriggersWarns you when an imperfect verb
is coming
Todos los dias= everyday
•A menudo= often
•A veces= sometimes
•Siempre= always
•A menudo
•Cada dia= everyday
ACABAR DE + INF
Acabo de llevar a mi hermana a su casa.
I just took my sister to her house.
Acabas de invitar a muchas muchachas.
You have just invited many girls..
To have just done something (acabo, acabas, acaba, acabamos, acabáis, acaban)
HACER EXPRESSIONS
Yo TúÉl, ella, usted
NosotrosEllos, ellas,
ustedes
Hago haces hace hacemos hacen
To do or to make
There are two ways to say how long you have been doing something using Hacer: •Hace + a time+ que + verb in the present tense •verb in the present tense + hace + a time expression
Hace trienta y cinco minutos que Paula espera el autobus.
GUSTAR & VERBS LIKE GUSTAR
Gustar means to like. Gusta …Gustan
Me- Yo Falta….Faltan = to prevent
Te -Tu Duele….Duelen= to hurt
Le- Ella/El/Ud. Fascina….Fascinan= to be fasicnated
by
Nos -Nosotros Molesta….Molestan= to be bothered
by
Les-Ellas/Ellos/Uds.
REFLEXIVE VERBS
Reflects one’s self
You are doing and receiving the action!
Ducharse: to shower
Banarse: to bathe
Lavarse: to wash
Despetarse: to wake
TU COMMANDS
Affirmative:
Put verb
into tu form
and drop
the s.
Negative:Put in yo form and add the s.
Irregular:Di – No digasHaz – No hagasVe- No vengasPon – no pongasSal- no salgasSe – no segasTen- no tengasVen- no vengas
DOP AND PLACEMENT
Receives the action of the verb!
Sally kicked the ball.
The ball receives the action from kicked.
Mike threw the football.
The football receives the action from threw.
PRETERITE
e i
aste iste
o io
amos iemos
aron ieron
ar er/ir