Goat Cum Fish Farming – Present Status and Prospect in Bangladesh

Prepared byImran Hossain

Registration No. : 12-05-2864

MS Student

An Assignment on

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur - 1706

OutlinesIntroductionHistory of Integrated Fish FarmingIntegrated Production SystemPresent EffortsBasic Principles for Integrated Livestock-Fish FarmingIntegrated Goat-Cum Fish FarmingPond Management PracticeStocking, Application of Manure, Good Management PracticeHousing, Feeding, Potential for Further DevelopmentConclusion

IntroductionScarcity of Land.

Multi-commodity farming systemLivestock-Crop Systems

History of Integrated Fish Farming

Integration of livestock-fish systems in China are documented since Ming

dynasty (14th – 17th Century).

Fish species selected for the Chinese polyculture are Silver

Carp, Bighead Carp, Grass Carp.

Integrated Production System

The traditional mixed farming systems have existed in Bangladesh.The crop sub-system is dominant.

The sub-systems like household, animal, fish pond and orchards are integrated and interdependent.

Farmers of Bangladesh rear ducks extensively.

Present EffortsIntegration of fish and poultry system in Bangladesh is a successful operation.The integrated production system can be divided into five sub-systems :

1.Duck cum Fish Farming2.Layer cum Fish Farming3.Broiler cum Fish Farming4.Ruminant (goat) cum Fish

Farming5.Rice cum Fish Farming

Basic Principles for Integrated Livestock-Fish Farming

Full utilization of livestock farm wastes and conversion of waste into valuable fish protein.

Feed derived from livestock manure may be utilized as direct feed.

Livestock manure helps in production of phytoplankton which form the feed for fishes.

Excess of livestock manure causes poor water quality. Optimum utilization is recommended.

Integrated Goat cum Fish Farming

Intensive goat raising is increasing due to high mutton cost.

Goat manure is efficiently utilized by the fish biomass.

The growth of Tilapia is increased with the rate of goat manure loading.

Integrated Goat cum Fish Farming

Goat-Fish Farming is being practiced by one NGO named “Bangladesh Mission” in Bangladesh.But the study of production performance of fish has not been completed.50-55 goats are sufficient for 1 hectare water body.

Pond Management Practice Ponds to be perennial and a depth of 1.5-2.0 meters.

Renovation like strengthening dykes to be done.

Seepage control should be taken before stocking.

Unwanted and predatory fish must be removed by netting.

Mahua oil cake can be used to remove unwanted fishes at rate of 25 mg/l.

Lime is applied at a dose of 250-300 kg/ha to correct the pH of Soil and Water.

Pond Management Practice

StockingPonds to be stocked with Rohu, Catla, Mrigal, Grass Carp, Silver Carp and Common Carp at a rate of 6500-8000 fingerlings per hectare.40% Surface Feeder (Catla and Silver Carp)

30% Bottom Feeder (Mrigal and Common Carp)

10% Marginal Feeder (Grass Carp)

Application of ManureProduction of manure from a goat is around 1.5 -2.0 tons per year.

It is a good source of organic matter and contains 2.7% Nitrogen, 1.78% Phosphorus, 2.88% Potassium.

Source Organic Content

Nitrogen%

Phosphorus%

Potassium%

Protein%

Goat 60 2.7 1.78 2.68 17.31

Cow 30 0.7 0.30 0.65 4.38

Horse 60 0.7 0.34 0.53 4.36

Pig 30 1.0 0.75 0.85 6.25

Rabbit 50 2.0 1.33 1.20 12.50

Sheep 80 2.0 0.54 1.54 12.54

Chicken 50 1.6 1.26 0.90 10.00

Application of ManureTable 1 : Nutrient Contents (%) of Animal Faeces

Goat Management Practice Breeding

Average life span of a goat is about 12 years.Breeding season lasts from September to February.Goats should be bred at the age of 14-19 months.The male is considered best at about 2-2.5 years.Average gestation period is 145-55 days.The birth weight of 1 kid ranges from 1-5 kg.

HousingGoats do not require any special housing.Inexpensive shed can be constructed under shady trees.Proper ventilation and drainage facility to be kept.A floor space of 20-25 sq. ft per goat is recommended.

FeedingThere is hardly anything that goat do not eat.They consume :

1.Berseem2.Napier Grass3.Cowpea Soybean4.Mulberry5.Cabbage leaves6.Sesbania

Potential for Further Development

The integration system is appreciated all over the world.This technology supplies protein to fight malnutrition and poverty.Spread the technique nationwide and dissemination of information.

It is a sustainable approach.

ConclusionThis technique of integration with livestock and fish is phenomenal. It is a promising to sector to enhance fish production in association with maximum space utilization.Minimum maintenance yields maximum harvest.

Thank You