1. 3as i c Workbook510il pen L. .Gorrri sten S. KurlandESRI PRESSHE!) 1" )S, CALIFORNIA

2. PrefaceGIS Tutorial 1: Basic Workbook is the direct result of the authors experiencesteaching GIS to high school students in a summer program at Carnegie MellonUniversity, undergraduate and graduate students in several departments anddisciplines at Carnegie Mellon University, as well as working professionals.GIS Tutorial 1 is a hands-on workbook with step-by-step exercises that take thereader from the basics of using ArcGlS Desktop interfaces through performingadvanced spatial analyses.Instructors can use this book for the lab portion of a GIS course, or individualscan use it for self-study. You can learn a lot about GIS concepts and principlesby "doing" and we provide many short notes on a "just-in-time" basis to helpthis kind of learning.The book has three parts; Part 1, "Using and making maps,~ is essential for allbeginning students. Then come the chapters of part 2, "Working with spatialdata," and part 3, "Learning advanced GIS applications." These are largely inde-pendent of each other, and you can use them in the order that best fits yourneeds or your classs needs.In chapter 1, readers learn the basics of working with existing GIS data andmaps. In chapters 2 and 3, they learn how to build maps from GIS data. Theexercises in chapter 4 teach readers how to create geodatabases and importdata into them.Chapter 5 explores the basic data types used within GIS and then shows read-ers how to use the Internet to download GIS data. Editing spatial data is a largepart of GIS work, and chapter 6 teaches how to digitize vector data and trans-form data to match real-world coordinates. In chapter 7, students learn how totJ 3. ,X ~I PREFACE GIS TUTORIAL 1map address data as points through the geocoding process. Chapters 8 and 9 cover spatialanalysis using geoprocessing tools and analysis workflow models.Chapters 10 and 11 provide instructions on two ArcGIS extensions. Chapter 10 introducesArcGIS 3D Analyst, allowing students to create 3D scenes. conduct fly-through animations,and conduct line-o(-sight studies. Finally, chapter 11 introduces ArcGIS Spatia] Analyst forcreating and analyzing raster maps, ind uding h Ulshades, density maps, site suitabilitysurfaces. and risk index surfaces.Tn f",infor(!; t he skills learned in the step -by-step exercises and to provoke critical problem-solving skills, there are short Your Turn assignments throughout each chapter and advancedassignments at the end of each chapter. The quickest way to increase GIS skills is to followup step-by-step instructions with independent work, and the assignments provide theseimportant learning components.This book comes with a DVD containing exercise and assignment data and a DVD contain-ing a trial version of ArcGIS Desktop 10, ArcEditor license. You will need to install the soft-ware and data in order to perform the exercises and assignments in this book. (If you havean earlier version ofArcView,ArcEditor, or Arclnfo installed, you will need to uninstall it.)The ArcGIS Desktop 10 DVD provided with this book will work for instructors and basic-level students in exercise labs that previously used an ArcView license of ArcGIS Desktop.Instructions for installing the data and software that come with this book are included inappendix D.For teacher resources and updates related to this book, go to www.esri.coIII/ esr"ipress. 4. AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank all who made this book possible.We have taught GIS courses at Carnegie Mellon University since the late 1980s, alwayswith lab materials that we had written. With the feedback and encouragement of stu-dents, teaching assistants, and colleagues, we eventually wrote a book that becamethis book. We are forever grateful for the encouragement and feedback we received.Faculty at other universities who have taught GIS using GIS Tutorial WorkbookforArcView 9 have also provided valuable feedback. They include Don Dixon ofCalifornia State University. Sacramento; Mike Rock of Columbus State CommunityCollege; Piyusha Singh of State University of New York at Albany; An Lewis of theUniversity of Pittsburgh; and George Tita at the University of California, Irvine.We are very grateful to the many public servants and vendors who havegenerously supplied us with interesting GIS applications and data, including KevinFord of Facilities Management Services, Carnegie Mellon University; Barb Kvizof the Green Practices Program, Carnegie Mellon University; Susan Golomb andMike Homa of the City Planning Department. City of Pittsburgh; Richard Chapin ofinfoUSA Inc.; Pat Clark and Trad Jackson of Jackson Clark Partners, PennsylvaniaResources Council; Commander Kathleen McNeely, Sergeant Mona Wallace, andJohn Shuitie of the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police; Mayor Robert Duffy of Rochester.New York; Lieutenant Todd Baxter, Lieutenant Michael Wood, and Jeff Chealof the Rochester, New York. Police Department; Kirk Brethauer of SouthwesternPennsylvania Commission (www.spcregion ,org);and TeleAtlas for use of its U.S.datasets contained within the ESRI Data & Maps Media Kit.Finally. thanks to the great team at ESRI Press who tested. edited. deSigned,and produced this book, including Claudia Naber, Michael Schwartz, Riley Peake.David Boyles, and the entire production team. 5. Contents-:1.J.d:no-...Jedgmenu xiUsing and making mapsChapter 1: Introduction 1Thtorial1-1 Open and save a map document 2Thtoriall-2 Work with map layers 5Tutorial1-3 Navigate in a map document 13Tutorial 1-4 Measure distances 21Tutoriall-S Work with feature at tributes 23Thtoria11-6 Select features 271UtoriaI1-7 Work with attribute tables 33Tutoriall-B Label features 40Assignment 1-1 43Assignment 1-2 45Chapter 2: Map design 47Thtoria12-1 Create choropleth maps 48Thtorial 2-2 Create group layers 52Tutorial2-3 Set threshold scales for dynamic display 58Tutorial2-4 Create choropleth maps using custom attributescales 63Tutorial 2-5 Create point maps 69Thtorial2-6 Create a point map based on a definition query 71Tht~ria12-7 Create hyperlinks 77Tutorial2-B Create MapTips 81Assignment 2-1 82Assignment 2-2 84Chapter 3: GIS outputs 87Thtorial3-1 Explore interactive GIS 88Thtorial3-2 Create map layouts 91Tutorial 3-3 Reuse a custom map layout 98Tutorial 3-4 Create a custom map template with two maps 100Thtorial 3-5 Add a report to a layout 104Tutorial 3-6 Add a graph to a layout 109Tutorial 3-7 Create multiple output pages 111Tutorial3-B Build a map animation 114Assignment 3-1 119Assignment 3-2 120Assignment 3-3 122 6. CONTENTS GIS TUTORIAL 1Part 2 Working with spatial dataChapter 4: File geodatabases 125Tutorial4-1 Build a file geodatabase 126Tutorial4-2 Use ArcCatalog utilities 128Tutorial4-3 Modify an attribute table 131Tutorial4-4 Join tables 134Tutorial4-S Create centroid coordinates in a table 136Tutorial4-6 Aggregate data 140Assignment 4-1 146Assignment 4-2 149Chapter 5: Spatial data 151Tutorial5-1 Examine metadata 152Tutorial 5-2 Work with map projections 154Tutorial 5-3 Learn about vector data formats 164Tutorial 5-4 Explore sources ofvector maps 171Tutorial5-5 Download and process tabular data 176Tutorial 5-6 Explore sources of raster maps 182Assignment 5-1 188Assignment 5-2 190Chapter 6: Digitizing 193Tutorial 6-1 Digitize polygon features 194Tutorial 6-2 Use advanced edit tools 204Tutorial 6-3 Digitize point features 209Tutorial 6-4 Digitize line features 213Tutorial 6-5 Spatially adjust features 218Assignment 6-1 226Assignment 6-2 228Chapter 7: Geocoding 231Tutorial7-1 Geocode data by ZIP Code 232Tutorial7-2 Geocode data by street address 238Tutorial 7-3 Correct source addresses using interactiverematch 244Tutorial7-4 Correct street reference layer addresses 247Tutorial 7-5 Use an alias table 252Assignment 7-1 253Assignment 7-2 255 7. GIS TUTORIAL 1Part 3lONTENTS ". IiChapter 8: Geoprocessing 257Tutorial8-1 Use data queries to extract features 258Tutorial8-2 Clip features 262Tutoria18-3 Dissolve features 265ThtorialB-4 Merge features 269Tutorial 8-5 Intersect layers 271Tutorial 8-6 Union layers 275Tutorial8-7 Automate geoprocessing with ModelBuilder 277Assignment 8-1 287Assignment 8-2 289Assignment 8-3 291Learningadvanced GIS applicationsChapter 9: Spatial analysis 295Thtorial9-1 Buffer points for proximity analysis 296Tutorial 9-2 Conduct a site suitability analysis 300Tutorial 9-3 Apportion data for noncoterminous polygons 307Assignment 9-1 317Assignment 9-2 320Assignment 9-3 322Chapter 10: ArcGIS 3D Analyst 325TutoriallO-1 Create 3D scenes 326Tutoriall0-2 Create a TIN from contours 328Tutoriall0-3 Drape features onto a TIN 332Tutoriall0-4 Navigate through scenes 336Tutoriall0-5 Create a fly-through animationThtorial10-6 Add 3D effects and use 3DsymbolsThtorial10-7 Edit 3D objects 345340342349Tutoriall0-8 Perform a line-of-sight analysisTutoriall0-9 Explore ArcGlobe Web service 351Assignment 10-1 355Assignment 10-2 357 8. viii ,/ CONTENTS" ...;GIS TUTORIAL 1Chapter 11: ArcGIS Spatial Analyst 359AppendixAAppendixBApp~ndix CApP-plus has several other uses you will learn about in this chapter. Note that the-:-:K):.s toolbar, which is floating on the right side of the screen on the next page, may be.:.x..:~!!:.~~l ~X>; ," r~ -t> . i:34~~_ --=:J...i. ~. !!!!l r;;c;il ~ I!J~De 9 (l .JiL,,~ii ij L.,en I;; 0 usa-a " I!IE!!llIo,Save the map document to a new locationGIS TUTORIAL 1.. .."tiJ.i.!:L~.,,..:"1.You will save all files that you modify or create while working through the tutorials in thisbook in the MyExercises folder.1 Click File, Save As.2 Navigate to the ESRIPressGtST1MyExercisesChapterlfolder and save the mapas Tutorial1-1.mxd.3 Click Save.M...-if l""" Ii:JMy~. I" II...""""~ I_~.. ~==MyN_ no_ rj .....".l.nd.....__ .._J 13. ---CTORIAL 1 IntroductionTutorial 1-2rk with map layersMap layers are references to data sources such as point, line, and polygon shape(iles,geodatabase feature classes, raster images, and so forth representing spatial fea-tures that can be displayed on a map. ~rcMap displays map layers from a map docu-ment such as Thtoriall-1.mxd, but the map document does not contain copies ofthemap layers. The map layer files remain external to the map document wherever theyexist on computer storage media. Next, you will use the map documents table ofcontents (TOe) for the map layers in the document.a layer on and offBefore GIS existed. mapmakers drew separate layers on clear plastic sheets and thencarefully stacked the sheets to make a map composition. Now with GIS, working withlayers is much easier.1 aid< the small check box to the left of the US Cities layer in the TOC to turn that layeron.. The TOC is the panel on the left side of the view window. A check mark appears if thelayer is turned on. Ifthe TOC aCCidentally d oses, dick Windows, Table of Contents toreopen it.2 CEck the check box to the left of the US Cities layer in the TOC again to turn the layer off. 14. (1 ,C HAiT ER 1 Intr oduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Add and remove map layersYou can add map layers to the TOe from their storage locations.1 Click the Add.Data button.t;.2 In the Add Data browser, click the Connect to Folder button ~ .3 Click the drive on which the ESRIPressGISTl folder is installed, browse to and clickthe Data folder, and dick OK. After this, you will always be able to connect directly to theData folder when searching for or saving data map layers and data tables.4 In the Add Data window, double-click theESRIPressGIST1Data folder icon, double-clickUnitedStates.gdb, and clickCOCounties. ArcMap randomlypicks a color for the Coloradocounties layer. You will learnhow to change the color andother layer symbols later.5 Click Add. ArcMap places thenew layer with Colorado countiescorrectly oyer the state ofColorado because all map layers have coordinates tied to specific locations on theearths surface.1iI l:lf ..--.Ii 0 USQloTlurtJnaI: ,.. " ....: 16. Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Drag and drop a layer from the Catalog windowThe Catalog window allows you to explore, maintain, and use GIS data with its manyArcCatalog utility functions. From Catalog, you will drag and drop a map layer into theTOC as an alternative method of adding data.1 Click Windows, Catalog.2 In the Catalog window, navigate to ESRIPressGISTlOataUnitedStates.gdb.3 Drag and drop COCounties into the top of the TOC window.."..- ,",... ., ..The map layers in the TOCdraw in order from the bottom up, so if you droppedCOCounties below us States, the states will cover COCounties. If COCounties is covered,remove it and drag and drop it again from Catalog, this time above US States. 17. ::U AL 1 Introduction CHAPT BR 1Iuto Hide for the Catalog window~otice that when you opened the Catalog window, it opened in pinned-open mode, whichkeeps the window open and handy for use, but covers part of your map. The Auto Hidefeature of this application window along with other application windows {such as the TOCand Search window}keeps the windows available for immediate use, but hides them inberween uses so that you have more room for your map.1 Click the Auto Hide button on top of the Catalog window I..The window d oses butleaves a Catalog button on the right side of the ArcMap windowlll.clltllbo] i.2 Click the Catalog button. The Catalog window opens. Next, you will simulate havingcompleted a Catalog task by clicking the map document. The window will auto hide.3 Click any place on the map or TOe. You can pin the window open again, which you willdo next.4 Click the Catalog button and dick the Unpinned Auto Hide buttoniii .That pins theCatalog window open until you dick the pin again to auto hide or dose t he window. Tryclicking the map or TOC to see that t he Catalog window remains open.5 Close t he Catalog window.....iii . i "_.~",YOUR TURN!::.::e.-d.d Data or Catalog button to add COStreets, also found IIIESRIPressGISTl Data~.....es.gdb. These are street centerlines for Jefferson County, Colorado. You may haven..:....-. seeing the streets because they occupy a small area of the map (look carefully above the~ ::i Colorado). Later in these exercises you will learn how to zoom in for a closer look atw...... ::eatures such as the streets._-_______ _ _ .."_"_"___._.M..""_"__.......,......,,.....,,__,~........_..-.,......~..._.;"".~,," 18. .I~. .Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Change a layers display orderNext, you will change the drawing order of layers, but you must have the List By DrawingOrder button selected to enable such changes.1 Make sure that the List By Drawing Order button ~;: is selected in the TOC and turn onthe US Cities layer.2 Drag the US Cities layer to the bottom of the TOC and drop it. Because ArcMap draws theUS Cities layer first now, the US States and Counties layers cover its point markers.i:j ~coc~o@ ~ USstot..o8 ~ I!IiIIIB 19. Introduction CHAPTER 13 Drag t he usCities layer to the top of the TOC and drop it. ArcMap now draws theUS Cities last, so you can see its points again.::: 5!1 COStroot.- 0 COCoostieso;;;: 0 US State,o t---!:1 ~~ i-C.~ . J ..baDge a layers color.,One of the nicest capabilities of ArcGIS is how easy it is to change colors and other symbolsIll: layers. First you will change the color fill of a layers polygons.S ~-3 lftyer.E3 Ii"! USQlos1 Click the COCounties layers legend symbol in the TOC. The legendsr:nbol is the rectangle below the layer name in the TOC.!iii Ii2I COStroots2 Gick the Fill Color button in the Current Symbol section of the SymbolSelector window.3 Click the Tarragon Green tile in the Color Palette,4 Click OK. The layers color changes to Tarragon Green on the map."No coloiu[] !~:; d C O __ U ri (J8ifJr,:,:::: m: m: nif-I CE i" c..: If: ~ .~ ::~~ :~~ : : : ,,;; 8 : 111 :.: ~ ~ ~:.~~;-&":*~: .lIl U." C [] LJ lJ f ;;; !if 1I lIE. !l lIi m !! m~ s IlUIl . 1II. ... .. .. m MoreCoior.". 20. CHAPTER 1 Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Change a layers outline colorNow you will change the outline color of a layers polygons.1 Click the COCounties layers legend symbol.2 Click the Outline Color button in the Current Symbol section of the SymbolSelector window.3 Click the Black tile in the Color Palette.4 Click OK.5 Click File and Save to save your map document.YOUR TURNChange the color of the COStreets layer. choosing a medium shade of gray. You will see theresults later in the exercise......_------_.._.__.._---,..",..-_...............,-,-----_.-.....-~. 21. !i 7Ur ORIAL 1 Introduction CHAPTER 1Tutorial 1-3avigate in a map documentWhen you open a map document, you see the entire map, a view called the fullextent. You can zoom in to any area ofthe map resulting in that area fl,lling themap window, giving you a close-up view. The current view ofthe map is its currentextent. You can zoom out, pan, anduse several additional means ofmoving about inyour map document. These include the Magnifl,er window for close-up views withoutzooming in, the Overview window that shows where you are on the full map whenzoomed in, and spatial bookmarks for saving a map extent for future use.m In1 Click the Zoom In button ~ on the Tools toolbar.2 Click and hold down the mouse button on a point above and to the left of the stateof Florida.3 Drag the mouse down to the bottom and to the right of the state of Florida and release.::1e process you performedin .steps 2 and 3 is sQlnetimescalled"dragging a rectangle."- - - - - - - - - 22. l.14 CHAPTER 1 Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Fixed Zoom In and Zoom OutPanThis is an alternative for zooming in by fixed amounts.1 Click the Fixed Zoom In button : : . This zooms in a fixed distance on the center of thecurrent display.2 Click t he map to zoom in centered on the point you pick.3 Click the Fixed Zoom Out button :: . This zooms out a fixed distance from the center ofthe current zoomed display.Panning shifts the current display in any direction without changing the current scale.1 Click the Pan button .rl .2 Move the cursor anywhere onto the map display.3 Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse in any direction.4 Release the mouse button.Full, previous, and next extentThe following steps introduce tools that navigate through views you have already created.1 Click the Full Extent button " . This zooms to a full display of all layers, regardless ofwhether they are turned on or turned off.2 dick the Go Back to Previous Extent button . . This returns the map display to itsprevious extent.3 Continue to click this button to step back through all of t he views.4 Click the Go to Next Extent button .. . This moves forward through the sequence ofzoomed extents you have viewed.5 Continue to click this button until you reach full extent. 23. :1:":O RIAL 1 Introduction CHAPTtiK 1YOUR TURN::..x:!:: w the county polygons in Colorado, and then zoom and pan so the streets in Jefferson=---..:::y. Colorado, are in the center of the display. Leave your map zoomed in to the streets.----------.,-,-----~.."...................--,..Open the Magnifier windowTne Magnifier window adjusts the map display to see more detail or get an overview of anarea. This window works like a magnifying glass. As you pass the window over the mapdisplay, you see a magnified view of t he location under the window. Moving the windowc!oes not affect the current map extent.1 Click Windows, Magnifier.2 Drag the Magnifier over an area of the map to see crosshairs for area selection, and thenrelease to see the zoomed details. 24. CHAPTER 1 Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 13 Drag the Magnifier window to a new area to see another detail on the map.Magnifier propertiesYou will change the magnification property of the Magnifier window.1 Right-dick the title bar of the Magnifierwindow and dick Properties. 25. GIS TUTORIAL 12 Change the Magnify By percentage to800% if it is not already at that power,and then click OK.IntroductionWine/WI" ProperUcs f7J~(;;;;;:;1I ""! 0 M~"Ov_ I.!,~ . ~0 M~8~; iocmj .....- - .~=~~ : ,_._O~"_.d:~.:..~-~l-W:"------ -..JOK I I Concel II Appb>3 Drag the Magnifier window to a different location and see the resulting view.4 Close t he Magnifier window.CHAPTER 1 26. CHAPTER 1 Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Use the Overview windowThe Overview window shows the full extent of the layers in a map. A box shows thecurrently zoomed area. You can move the box to pan the map display. You can also makethe box smaller or larger to zoom the map display in or out.1 Click the Zoom to Full Extent button 0 .2 Zoom to a small area of the map in the northwest corner of the United States (two orthree complet e states). 27. ORIAL 1 Introduction CHAPTER 13 Click Windows, Overview. The Overview window shows the current extent of the maphighlighted with a red rectangle.r- .......,4 ~1ove the cursor to the center of the red box, dick and drag to move it to a new location,and release. The extent of the map display updates to reflect the changes made in the:.ayers Overview window. Note that if you right-d ick the top of t he Layers Overview",i.."dow and click Properties, you can modify the display.5 ::lese the Layers Overview window. 28. CHAPTER 1 Introd1lction GIS TUTORIAL 1Create spatial bookmarksSpatial bookm arks save the extent of a map display or geographic location so you canreturn to it later without having to use Pan and Zoom tools.1 Click the Zoom to Full Extent button " .2 Zoom to the state of Florida.3 Click Bookmarks, Create, andtype Florida in the BookmarkName field.B"""",ork 1-1.....: rFlorida _-iL__._..._ .... . ----OK JI CaIceI I4 Click OK.S Click the Zoom to Full Extentbutton Q .6 Click Bookmarks, Florida. ArcMap zooms to the saved bookmark of Florida.7 Save your map document.YOUR TURNCreate spatial bookmarks for the states of California, New York, and Texas. Tryout yourbookmarks. Use Bookmarks, Manage to remove the California bookmark......_--------_...._--...._---- ----.-~-~ 29. s::::-:-ORIAL 1 Introduction CHAPTER 1Tutorial 1-4leasure distancesMaps have coordinates enabling you to measure distances along paths that youchoose with your mouse and cursor.!baDge measurement unitsWhile a maps coordinates are in specific units such as feet or meters, you can set themeasurement tool to gauge distances in any relevant units.1 Zoom to the full extent, then zoom to the state of Washington (uppermostwestern state).2 On the Tools toolbar, dick the Measure button t:t .The Measure window opens with the~Ieasure Line tool enabled. The current map units aremeters, but miles are more familiar in the United States,so you will change the units to Miles.3 In the Measure window, dick the Units drop-down button.4 Click Distance and Miles, and leave the Measure windowopen.: To rnea?xe ",nt. tid< Me1Rnl ~ F~e, then tId< . fe.llue. 30. CHAPTER 1 Introduction GIS TUTORIAL 1Measure the width of Washington state1 Move the mouse to the westernmost boundary of the state of Washington and dick it.You do not need to match the selections made below. Any measurement will demonstratethe procedure.2 Move the mouse in a s traight line to the eastern boundary of Washington until you reachits eastern edge, then double-click the edge. The distance should be around 300 miles.__,us SteI :EdQ-----5 Hold down the Shift key and click inside:he four states adjacent to Texas.j.;~--.r~~ 36. CHAPTER 1 Introduction GIS TUTORIAChange the selection color and clear a selectionSometimes you will want to produce a map with certain features selected. Then it isdesirable to be able to change the selection color for purposes at hand.1 Click Selection, Selection Options.2 Click the color box in the Selection ToolsSettings frame.3 Pick Amethyst as the new selection colorand click OK. The selection color for mapfeatures will now be amethyst.rr--F- .1=----3;=n.~, ~,-,>4 Click Selection, Clear Selected Feature,s.SoIectIon 1"""S6tID5eIo(tknttBoru, l!i 1pIqIol.. CJI ~ @ " ~Choose tile ab J ~ ~od r..t" ... to be "- rc--:.jwlhbj.odllllJ:, ~Ol. ~~-.~ ,--~~:*,"~~",~-.:" ...1. ~1:., ._ .. ,,--c...l :lli :.:,:~ : ; ~~, _J:;;::!:rlIEi Ill- l ilI.1II il aUl.IlIi..... Iti . . I:rillG L "!:J :"9 m!!i =!lI_ II! a; ;:J -1L .:! "1 it !II ill !ti. IE Iii nf .h Hii ilI l!i " !il 1III ~._~ !_~_I! ~_~.:" ~_!l!i ~eCom... ! 37. I-::-~c 1 Introduction CHAPTER 1e selection symbol:::. K";tion to changing the color of selected features. you can change the symbol for the~ :nap or for individual layers.1 =..&Repl.