RocksRocksBy: Laura FigueroaBy: Laura Figueroa

BY: Laura FiguroaBY: Laura Figuroa

Types of RocksTypes of Rocks

• There are three main types of rocks.

• Igneous Rocks

• Metamorphic Rocks

• Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous RocksIgneous Rocks

• Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidifying of lava

• There are two types of Igneous rocks.• Intrusive Igneous Rocks: Formed by the

cooling and solidifying of lava below the suface.

• Extrusive Igneous Rocks: Formed by the cooling and solidifying of lava above the surface.

BasaltBasalt

• Basalt: A dark-colored fine grain, igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals.

• My sample: Is composed of smooth dark material, with small white spots.

• Sample Location: I found my sample on Rout 33 that is next to highway 5. Rout 33 is 40 miles southwest of Fresno, Ca. Rout 33 leads to the city of Coalinga Ca, where you can find West Hills Community College. Rout 33 dates back to as early as 1906.

DioriteDiorite

• Diorite: A coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock that contains a mixture of feldspar, pyroxene, hornblende and sometimes quartz.

• My Sample: rough texture with what seems like black and white crystallized rock fragments.

• Sample location: San Joaquin, CA. A city found in Fresno County, California. This rock was found on the railroad tracks of the city of San Joaquin, fifteen minutes away from my home town Helm, Ca. The railroad tracks from San Joaquin date back to 1920.

PegmatitePegmatite

Pegmatite Extremely coarse grained intrusiveIgneous rock.My sample: rounds and oval shaped with small crevasses that showed light colored coarse grainedcrystallized rocks.Location: Pismo Beach, Ca. My sample was foundon the shore line of Pismo Beach. Pismo Beach hasa great history behind it, but it dates back to 1886

This is my sample broken up to see the crystallized rock particles on theInside.

Metamorphic RocksMetamorphic Rocks

• Metamorphic rocks: are formed from Igneous rocks they are formed underground and their shaped and appearance is shaped by heat and pressure. There are two forms of Metamorphic rocks.

• Foliated Metamorphic rock: rocks that have a layered or banded appearance that is produced by direct heat and pressure.

• Non-Foliated Metamorphic rock: These are rocks that do not have the appearance of being layered of banned.

SlateSlate

• Slate: A fine grained, foliated rock, that is created by the alteration of shale or mudstone by low grade regional metamorphism.

• Example 1 is of a dark color stone smooth, it has light layers. Example 2 is of a light brown stone its has light layers and has a smooth yet sand like feel to it.

• Example 1 was found in Pismo Beach, Ca. Example 2 was found in Rout 33 near Coalinga Ca.

Example 1 Example 2

Sedimentary RocksSedimentary Rocks

• Sedimentary rocks: Rocks that have been formed by weathering agents such as water, wind and ice. Rocks are broken by such agents and carried to another place where they pile up and form a flat layer. After a long period of time and pressure the pieces of rock form a new rock called sedimentary rock.

• Most sedimentary rocks are formed under water.• Sedimentary rocks often come rich in fossils.

BrecciaBreccia

• Breccia: Formed from broken, angular fragment or rocks or mineral debris accumulate and pressurized together and are bonded by mineral cement or by an array of smaller particles.

• My sample: Its composed of what seems like spliced rocks. On the front side its composed of crystallized pieces put together to form a layer and on the backside its composed of hard sand and it all seems to be put together by this hard mixture of sand.

• Location: Coalinga, California. Coalinga is a city that is approximately 52 miles away from Fresno, Ca. My sample was found in an open field on the outside of the City of Coalinga.

Front side Back Side

ReferenceReference

• Lutgens,Tarbuck, Tasa.(2011) Eath. An introduction to physical geology, 107-253.

• (2011) Geology. News and Information about Geology, http://geology.com/rocks.