GENETIC DISORDER INLIVESTOCK ANIMALCOURSE NAME: SEMINAR & ORAL

COURSE CODE: 200

SUBMITTED BY-MAHEDI HASAN RIDOYREG. NO.- 2014431036DEPT. OF GEB, SUST.

What is gene? A distinct sequence of nucleotides forming part of a chromosome.(Hereditary material of organisms)

What is genome?the complete set of genes.

What is genetic disorder??A disease or condition caused by an absent or defective gene or by a chromosomal aberration.

Reasons behind genetic disorder………It generally occurs due to mutation and inheritance. Mainly three reason which are responsible for genetic disorder.1. Monogenetic disorders are caused by a mutation in a single gene. The

mutation may be present on one or both chromosomes (one chromosome inherited from each parent). Examples: sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis. Monogenic disorders are relatively rare.

2. Multifactorial inheritance disorders are caused by a combination of small inherited variations in genes, often acting together with environmental factors.Examples: Heart disease, diabetes, and most cancers.

3. Chromosome disorders are caused by an excess or deficiency of the genes that are located on chromosomes, or by structural changes within chromosomes.Examples: Down syndrome,Jacob syndrome.

Reasons behind genetic disorder………

Livestock animal and their importanceWhat is livestock animal?

Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce commodities such as food , fiber and labor.Many by-products are come from animal origin have wider application in the modern society.Fresh meat and offal, game and poultry, meat products, processed animal protein for human consumption, processed pet food or raw material for pet food production, lard and rendered fats, animal casings, milk and milk products, eggs and egg products, manure, blood and blood products, bones, bone products and gelatine, hides and skins, bristles, wool, hair and leathers.

Livestock animal resource of bangladesh

Genetic disorder in livestockWe can see various types of genetic disorder in livestock and economically these diseases are very important because these diseases can damage a whole population of a livestock species.

Genetic disorders in cattle……….DWARFISM

1. Several types were observed in Angus and Hereford in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Also diagnosed in Brahmans and Dexter

2. The mutation was identified at Iowa State University, and is now testable.

3. Carrier bull was not widely used, carriers are rare, believed to be a spontaneous mutation.

Genetic disorders in cattle……….Osteopetrosis (OS)

1. Commonly known as Marble Bone.

2. Diagnosed in Red Angus and other breeds.

3. Calves aborted 10 to 30 days early

4. Calves have short lower jaw5. Deletion in a gene identified

on chromosome 4

Genetic disorders in cattle……….Tibia Hemimelia (TH)

1. Diagnosed in Shorthorns in 2000.

2. Calves born dead or die shortly after birth.

3. Twisted legs, fused joints, hernia, hole in skull, etc.

4. A different mutation in the same gene was found in TKA Outcast, born in 2001

Genetic disorders in cattle……….Pulmonary HypoplasiaWith Anasarca (PHA)

1. Found in Maine-Anjou, some Chianina and Shorthorn, also in Dexter.

2. Mutation probably preceded importation of Maines to the US.

3. Water-logged appearance, small lungs, no lymph glands.

4. Missense mutation identified, testable.

Genetic disorders in sheep……….SPIDER LAMB

SYNDROME(SLS)1. It cause skeletal deformities

in young lamb.2. Abnormal long bent

limb,twisted spine,shallow bodies and long neck are seen.

3. It causes for recessive allele disorder.

Genetic disorders in sheep……….Rectal prolapse

1. Most commonly associated with meat type sheep.

2. Can be cured by surgery.3. After surgery it also can be

occur again.

Genetic disorders in sheep……….PROGANATHISM

1. Lower jaw is longer than upper jaw.

2. Dosen’t get enough nutrition.

3. Cant eat food properly.

Genetic disorders in chicken……….BENT TOES

1. The toe is banded.2. Caused by recessive allele.3. Also cause if the breeding bed

is too hot.

Genetic disorders in chicken……….SPLIT-WING

1. Axial feather is missing.2. Some bird show split wing in

one wing and normal in other wing.

3. Caused by simple recessikve gene.

Genetic disorders in goat……….EPIDERMOLYSIS

BULLOSA1. The goats presented with

exungulation, erosions, crusts and scars on the skin and ulcers in the oral cavity.

2. The disease has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.

3. the skin showed subepidermal separation with clefts filled.

Genetic disorders in goat……….Fainting Goat

1. It is believed to be caused by some sort of genetic mutation impairing a person’s skeletal muscle chloride channel.

2. The condition is involved with a dysfunction of the chloride conductibility.

3. Affected goat became paralysed for some time.

PREVENTION OF GENETIC DISORDER……Normally genetic disorder can not be cured by any medicine.Now a days

some vaccine and some type of surgery is available to cure genetic disorder.But cure Is not enough for genetic disorder in livestock animal.We have to prevent those disorder in order to save our economic stand.

The best way for prevention is selective breeding.We have to ignore in breeding as much as possible because many of the genetic disorder express only in homozygous form.If we found any disorder the animal should be culled from the herd.its parent shouldn’t be used for further breeding.some test is also available to identify the career organism.

CONCLUSION…..As our country is agriculture-based that’s why our livestock animals play a vital role in our economy. We can solve our poverty and unemployment problem through livestock farming. So we have to more careful about their health.

In their health matter nothing is more important than genetic disorder.

THANK YOU LADIES AND GENTLE MAN FOR YOUR PATIENCE

THE END