Upload
epipnational
View
326
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Author and Executive Director of TrueChild, Riki Wilchins' presentation on Gender Theory and "Gender Transformative" Philanthropy
Citation preview
FROM GENDER THEORY TO
GENDER TRANSFORMATIVE
PHILANTHROPY
Reconnecting Race, Class & Gender
2
RIKI WILCHINSEXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
25 yrs advocating gender justice for at-risk youth
3 books on gender theory
Founding Exec Dir of GenderPAC
Write for Council on Foundations, GuideStar…
Profiled in NY Times
TIME 100 Civic Innovators for 21st Century
3
1. Terms & Definitions
2. Gender Analysis
3. Gender Norms
4. Common Objections
5. Research & Programs
6. What’s Next
OUR PRESENTATION
4
Biological Sex
Primary & secondary bodily characteristics (chromosomes, hormones, etc.)
Gender Identity
Inner sense of being female or male
Gender Expression
Expressing being masculine or feminine through clothing & behavior
Sexual Orientation
Attraction to members of one or more sexes
1. Terms & Definitions
6 DEGREES OF GENDER
5
Gender Equity
Ensuring equal access to resources, power, opportunity for females, males, children and families, LGBTQ, etc.
Gender Norms
Socially-constructed ideals, scripts, expectations for manhood/womanhood; in sex and GBV determines who does what to whom, when,, and for what reason
Gender Transformative
Explicitly highlight, challenging and try to change rigid gender norms and inequities.
1. Terms & Definitions
6 DEGREES OF GENDER
6Kimberle Crenshaw
GENDER TRANSFORMATIVE
1. Terms & Definitions
Try to Change Gender Equity &Gender Norms
Women & Girls Men & Boys LGBTQ Race Class
Gender Equity &
Gender Norms
Women & Girls
Men & Boys LGBTQ Race Class
7
GENDER ANALYSIS?
1. Terms & Definitions
82. Gender Analysis
WHY GENDER LENS?
Grantees get race and class and they’re starting to get sex/or. But what happened to gender?
Gender affects every issue funders work on, but grantees are challenged to do innovative work around gender like they are on race and class.
92. Gender Norms
GENDER NORMS ARE LEARNED
ESP DURING “GENDER INTENSIFICATION PERIOD”
Adolescence & Early Teens
Interest in traditional norms accelerates
Belief in them solidifies.
10
Sissy
Dork
Queer
F*g
BitchD*ke
Bitch
Butch
Queer
Ho
ARE HIGHLY REGULATED
MALEFEMALE
2. Gender Norms
11Courtesy of Boondocks2. Gender Norms
GENDER NORMS TAKE PRACTICE
122. Gender Norms
ENHANCED IN
LOW-INCOME ENVIRONMENTS
Codes may be
especially narrow
Strong peer pressure “on
the street”
Penalties for transgression
often particularly
harsh.
13 Byron Hurt www.bhurt.com3 Gender Norms
“We’re in this box, and in order to be in that box, you
have to be STRONG, you have to be TOUGH, you have
to have lots of GIRLS, you gotta have MONEY, you have
to be a PLAYER or a PIMP, you gotta to be in CONTROL,
you have to DOMINATE other men, and if you are not
any of those things, then people call you SOFT or
WEAK or a P*SSY or a CHUMP or a F*GGOT and…
NOBODY wants to be any of those things so…
EVERYBODY STAYS INSIDE THE BOX.”
MASCULINITY
143. Gender Norms
MASCULINITY & BELIEF
Intimate relationships are adversarial
Women are responsible for conception
Pregnancy validates manhood
Lots of girlfriends/sex proves masculinity
Public control of women part of manhood
Force sometimes nec. to control females.
153. Gender Norms
MASCULINITY & BEHAVIOR
Earlier sex
More sexual partners
Less intimate relationships, more infidelity
More unplanned pregnancy
More (manly) sexual risk-taking
More partner abuse and sexual coercion.
163. Gender Norms
FEMININITY & BELIEF
Virginal & modest
But “hot” and attractive
Dependent, & deferential
Nurturing & maternal
Motherhood validates womanhood
Having a man validates femininity
Premium on older, stronger men.
173. Gender Norms
FEMININITY & BEHAVIOR
Less likely to carry condoms
More likely to objectify their own bodies
More likely to defer to male sexual prerogatives
More likely to date older, stronger males
More likely to tolerate abuse or coercion
More likely to have early/unwanted pregnancy.
183. Masculinity & Femininity
GATEWAY BELIEF SYSTEM
R&S/H
Partner Abuse
Economic Empowerment
Educational Achievement
LGBTQ Bullying
Health/Wellness
194. Common Objections
COMMON OBJECTIONS
CAN’T WE DO WITHOUT GENDER LENS?
YES! MOSTLY WE ARE.
WE CAN ALSO DO W/O CLASS/RACE ANALYSIS
BUT IT IS EFFECTIVE?
4. Common Objections 20
JUST GENDER EQUITY?
21
WHAT ABOUT LGBTQ?
WORK BOTH SIDES OF THE STREET
GENDER NON-CONFORMING
GENDER CONFORMING
4. Common Objections
224. Common Objections
SO IT’S ALL GENDER?
Complex Intersectional Issues
Not saying: “It’s the only dog in the fight.”
Not saying: “It’s the biggest dog in the fight.”
“It’s the biggest dog NOT in the fight.
23
STRONG RESEARCH BASE
5. Research & Programs
24
Gender norms are “central to improving both individual and societal R/H”
“Deconstructing masculinity with young men 13-19” to eliminate violence against women and girls
Gender norms “key to effective HIV prevention for MSMs
The powerful influence of gender norms is a foundation of gender inequality.5. Research & Programs
STRONG PROGRAM BASE
US: The Disconnect
25
“Gender roles & norms influence, if not define, behavior in the interpersonal relationships in which sex [and partner violence] occurs.”
“[We] are ignoring social & contextual factors central to understanding sexuality, HIV [and gender violence].”
“Astounding as it may seem, the central role of gender has been largely ignored…
…we are studying this in a gender vacuum.”
“Love, sex, and power. Considering women's realities in HIV prevention.” H Amaro . Am Psychol. 1995 Jun;50(6):437-47, 1995 .6. What’s Next
US Disconnect: Guidelines
266. What’s Next
US Disconnect: Policy
276. What’s Next
6. What’s Next 28
RECONNECT!
TRANSFORMATIVE APPROACHES
29
www.truechild.org
Thank you!