16
Gender Perspective in Development of women educational and other parameters Presented By: Neha singh Ashwini R.

Gender sensitization ppt

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Gender sensitization ppt

Gender Perspective in Development of women educational and other

parameters

Presented By:Neha singhAshwini R.

Page 2: Gender sensitization ppt

Key concept in Gender Perspectives

• Gender Parity Index• Gender Gaps• Gender Development

Index (GDI)• Gender aware

planning/gender mainstreaming

• Gender• Sex• Gender Analysis• Gender relations• Gender issues• Women issues• Gender inequality

Page 3: Gender sensitization ppt

• Gender Gender is a socio-cultural construct of the society that determines the identity,

roles or obligations/duties, and entitlements of women and men and girls and boys in the society. It therefore defines women and men’s position in their society. Gender classification changes with time, space and needs of a society

• Sex Sex is a biological identification of females and males based on their

physiological characteristics. Sex characteristics are natural and determined during conception; compared to gender which identifies qualities that are shaped through the history of social relations and interactions in society

• Gender relations Gender relations are social-cultural relationships between men and women in a

given society. They are socially constructed and not derived from biology. Gender relations distinguish social relations between men and women from those characteristics which can be derived from biological differences

3

Page 4: Gender sensitization ppt

• Gender inequality Gender inequality means unequal access to resources and benefits by women

and men and therefore holds back the growth of individuals in society

• Gender gaps Gender gaps refer to the differences between women and men in relation to

their participation in and benefits from different socio-economic sectors. Gender gaps come about as a result of unequal power relations between women and men and between boys and girls

The gender gap measures the magnitude of disparities and is normally computed in percentage points or the difference between percentage for females and percentage for males.

• Gender Parity Index Gender Parity Index (GPI) is a socioeconomic index usually designed to

measure the relative access to education for both females and males. It is calculated as the ratio of the number of female students enrolled at primary, secondary and tertiary levels of education to the number of male students in each level 4

Page 5: Gender sensitization ppt

• Gender analysis This is the process of examining roles and responsibilities or any other

situation in regard to women, men, boys and girls, with a view to identifying gaps, raising concern and addressing them, investigating and identifying specific needs for policy and programme development and implementation

• Gender issues Gender issues refers to opportunities, challenges and constraints that affect

both women, men, girls and boys in the society. Gender issues are not synonymous with women’s issues

• Women’s issues Women issues refer to opportunities, challenges and constraints that affect

women/girls only

5

Page 6: Gender sensitization ppt

Gender Parameters

Demographic Parameter

Educational Parameter

Economic Parameter

Page 7: Gender sensitization ppt

Educational Parameter

Page 8: Gender sensitization ppt

Gender Inequality

• If a household has only one girl child the likelihood of her being sent to school is 56%. The bigger the family, and the more boys in it, the less likely the girls are to go school.

• Female secondary schooling delays the age of marriage and provides women with the knowledge to secure their children's well being in the form of improved childcare.

• For example, In India, for those who are illiterate, the average age of marriage is 17.6 years. For graduates and the above the average age is 22.6 years.

• over the past 15-20 years their has been a rapid increase in the rates of enrollment in and completion of girls in primary schools, clearly indicating a demand.

Page 9: Gender sensitization ppt

- however the transition to post primary education is poor.

- if there are no toilets and there is ten mile walk that is insecure, the likelihood of parents allowing their adolescent daughters to continue their schooling is low.

- The lack of female teachers also serves as a major disincentive, given that parents are often more comfortable sending girls to their classroom with a female teacher

In the Indian context, gender disadvantage intensifies with other forms of social inequality, and education provides an important reminder for the stark reality.

In scheduled Tribe communities only 54% of females go to school, whereas 77% percent of boys from the general population go to school.

Another striking comparison is the rate of primary school completion, which is 68% for boys from the general population, as compared to 48% for an ST girl

Page 10: Gender sensitization ppt

Gender Gap

Educational attainment 121 0.837 0.928

S.No. Index Rank Score Sample Average

Female Male Female to Male Ratio

1. Literacy Rate 123 0.68 0.86 51 75 0.68

2. Enrolment in Primary Education

117 0.96 0.98 88 91 0.96

3. Enrolment in secondary education

120 0.79 0.90 - - 0.79

4. Enrolment in tertiary education

109 0.70 0.86 11 16 0.70

Page 11: Gender sensitization ppt

Gender Issues in Education

Page 12: Gender sensitization ppt

a. Rural girl’s education, accessibility of schools and integration in the domestic economy

b. SC/ST girl’s schooling, gendered labour and socialisation

c. Muslim girls’ education: financial constraints and communal factors

d. Implications of violence, conflict and displacement for gender and education

e. Schools of religious denomination and limitations to girl’s education

f. Girls with disabilities – doubly discriminated

Page 13: Gender sensitization ppt

Girls’ education has a huge impact on all of society

Educated women are less likely to die in childbirth If all mothers completed primary education, maternal deaths would be reduced by two- thirds, saving 98,000 lives Educating girls can save millions of lives: If all women had a primary education, there would be 15% fewer child deaths. If all women had a secondary education, child deaths would be cut in half, saving 3 million lives.

Mothers’ education improves child nutrition If all women had a primary education, 1.7 million children would be saved from stunting from malnutrition. If all women had a secondary education, 12 million children would be saved from stunting from malnutrition

Girls with higher levels of education are less likely to have children at an early age

Educating girls is a key factor in hastening the demographic transition to lower birth rates

Page 14: Gender sensitization ppt

Girls with higher levels of education are less likely to get married at an early age If all girls had a primary education, there would be 14% fewer child marriages . If all girls had a secondary education, there would be two-thirds fewer child marriages Education narrows pay gaps between men and women

Educated women are more likely to find work

Page 15: Gender sensitization ppt

Recommendations

1. Access to Education for All Girls

2. Retention and Quality of Girls’ Education

3. Establish that Gender is Not a Women’s Issue – it is a People’s Issue

4. Integrate Input of Women’s Studies Research in Textbooks, Syllabi and Training

5. Integrate Input of Trained Experts on Adolescence and Sexuality

6. In the Social Sciences (a) give importance to the reproduction of the household, the labor-force, and human and cultural resources

(b) Incorporate gender dimensions of Diversity, Sexuality, Violence and Conflict

7.In Science Education, highlight Gendered Dimensions of Science, Environment and Technology, as well as Scientific Dimensions of Personal and Domestic realities

Page 16: Gender sensitization ppt

Conclusion