FUNGI AND PROTISTBY: JOSHUA MAGPANTAY

WHAT IS PROTIST?• THEY ARE EUKARYOTES

•HAVE A NUCLEUS AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND

ORGANELLES

•MOST HAVE MITOCHONDRIA

• THEY CAN BE PARASITES.

• THEY ALL PREFER AQUATIC OR MOIST

ENVIRONMENTS.

HOW PROTIST OBTAIN ENERGY?

GROUP OF PROTIST

1. PHOTOTROPHS- PRODUCE THEIR OWN FOOD

2. HETEROTROPHS- FEED ON OTHER ORGANISM

3. SPOROZOAN- NON-MOTILE, THEY ARE

PARASITES

Phototrophs Heterotrophs Sporozoan

WHAT IS PHOTOTROPHS?

•PIGMENT TO CAPTURE LIGHT

(CHLOROPHYLL)

•A STRUCTURE TO HOLD THE PIGMENT

( CHLOROPLASTS)

• A STRUCTURE TO CAPTURE LIGHT ( FLAT

LEAVES)

PHOTOTROPHS

THE GROUP OF PHOTOTROPHS

•ALGAE

•DINOFLAGELLATES

•EUGLENOIDS

ALGAE

Green Algae Brown Algae Red Algae

CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEN ALGAE

•DIFFER IN SIZE AND SHAPE

•SOME ARE UNICELLULAR

•OTHER FORMS COLONIES, SHEET, FILAMENT,

TUBES, AND RIBBONS

•GROW IN MARINE ENVIRONMENT

•THE MARINE GREEN ALGA CAULERPA

LENTILLIFERA IS EATEN FRESH AS

SALAD

GOLDEN ALGAE

• IS MASKED BY YELLOW PIGMENT AND BROWN

MASK PIGMENT.

•MEMBERS OF THIS GROUP ARE MOSTLY

MICROSCOPIC.

• THEY STORE FOOD FROM LEUCOSIS OIL OR

CHRYSOLAMINARIN.

• BROWN ALGAE ARE THE LARGEST OF THE ALGAE

SPECIES (CAN GROW TO MORE THAN 30 METERS

LENGTH)

BROWN/GOLDEN ALGAE

WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF BLADDER IN BROWN ALGAE?

“THE BLADDERS ENABLE THEM TO FLOAT UP

TOWARD THE WATER SURFACE, MAXIMIZING

SUNLIGHT ABSORPTION FOR

PHOTOSYNTHESIS”

DO YOU KNOW THAT BROWN

ALGAE HAVE SOMETHING TO DO

WITH YOUR FAVORITE ICE CREAM

OR TOOTHPASTE? SOME MEMBERS

OF THE GROUP CONTAIN ALGINIC

ACID USED AS AN INGREDIENT IN

MAKING THESE,

RED ALGAE •STORING FOOD IN THE FORM OF FLORIDEAN

STARCH.

•RED PIGMENT MASK

•CAN CHANGE COLOR DEPENDING ON WEATHER

THEY ARE EXPOSE

•HELP TO FORM CORAL REEF BECAUSE OF THEIR

ABILITY TO PRODUCE CALCIUM CARBONATE

ONE OF THE EXAMPLE MICROORGANISM IN

RED ALGAE IS EUCHEUMA HAVE HAVE ABILITY

TO PRODUCE AGAR AND IT IS ONE OF THE

INGREDIENT IN MAKING OF GULAMAN .

WHY LIGHT IS IMPORTANT TO ALGAE?

“ALGAE ARE AUTOTROPHIC, MEANING THEY

REQUIRE SUNLIGHT TO GROW AND SURVIVE.

ALGAE GET THEIR ENERGY DIRECTLY FROM

LIGHT AND ALSO GO THROUGH THE

PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS”

DINOFLAGELLATES

•LIVES IN OCEANS AND SEAS

•THEY ARE MOSTLY UNICELLULAR

•THEY HAVE FLAGELLA USED FOR

MOVEMENT

DINOFLAGELLATES

PYRODINIUM BAHAMENSE VAR. COMPRESSUM

THEY ARE THE ONES THAT CAN CAUSE RED TIDE WHEN PRESENT IN LARGE NUMBERS

THIS MICROORGANISM IS

CONTAIN TOXIC.

AND CAN CAUSE PARALYSIS

EUGLENOIDS•ARE MICROSCOPIC AND UNICELLULAR

•EUGLENA BELONGS TO THIS GROUP

• IT LIVES IN FRESHWATER BODIES

•THIS GROUP HAVE A WHIPLIKE FLAGELLUM

FOR MOVEMENT

•SOME EUGLENOIDS HAVE CHLOROPHYL

EUGLENOIDS

EUGLENA CHARACTERISTIC

•WHEN LIGHT IS AVAILABLE TO, IT

MAKES FOOD UTILIZING CHLOROPHYLL

• IN THE ABSENCE OF LIGHT IT ABSORBED

NUTRIENT FROM DEAD ORGANIC

MATTER

HETEROTROPHS •NO PERMANENT STRUCTURE FOR

MOVEMENT FOR MOVEMENT

•THEY MOVE BY MEANS OF PSEUDOPODS OR

PSEUDOPODIA

•THE EXTENSION AT THE SIDES OF THESE

MICROORGANISM ENABLE THE

HETEROTROPHS TO MOVE

HETEROTROPHS

ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA

IS A HARMFUL SPECIES OF AMOEBA

LIVING IN FRESHWATER BODIES. ONCE

THIS MICROORGANISM ENTER TO OUR

BODY THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IS

INFECTED CAUSING AMOEBIASIS

ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA

PARAMECIUM

•MOVES USING CILIA ATTACHED PARTS

OR ALL OVER ITS PART

•PRESENT IN BOTH FRESHWATER AND

SALT WATER

•THEY ALSO USE CILIA TO GET THE

FOOD

PARAMECIUM

SLIME AND WATER MOLDS

•SLIME MOLDS ARE USUALLY THE COLORED

YELLOW, ORANGE, OR WHITISH

THEY MAY SEE ON DAMP AND

ROTTING LOGS

THEY FEED ON BACTERIA AND

DECAYING PLANT MATERIALS

SLIME MOLDS

SLIME AND WATER MOLDS

WATER MOLDS ARE WHITE COTTONY GROWTHS OD

DEAD FISH OR PLANT PARTS

PARASITIC ON PLANTS, GRAPES,

CABBAGE AND MANY MORE.

WATER MOLDS

DISEASES CAUSE BY PROTIST

PLASMODIUM ARE HARMFUL FOR THEY CAUSE MALARIA, A SERIOUS DISEASE IN HUMANS, IT CAN BE TRANSMITTED TO MOSQUITO

GIARDIA LAMBIA AND

TRYPANOSOMA

GAMBIENSE- CAUSE

SEVERE DIARRHEA

FUNGI• HUMID OR MOIST PLACE

• EUKARYOTIC FUNGI

• NO CHOLOROHYL

• CANNOT PRODUCE THEIR OWN FOOD

• THEY SURVIVE BY LIVING ON A HOST ORGANISM

• OTHERS FEED ON DECAYING MATTERS AND ARE CALLED

SAPROPHYTES

• CELL WALL BUT ARE MADE UP OF CHITIN

• INVOLVING IN DECOMPOSING

FUNGI

FUNGAL BODIES

HYPHAE- ROOTLIKE

RHIZOIDS- THAT ATTACH THEM

TO THE SUBSTRATE ON WHICH

THEY GROW

FUNGI CAN BE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE KIND OF FRUITING STRUCTURE

VOLVARIELLA AND PLEUROTUS SAJOR-

CAIJU (OYSTER MUSHROOM) ARE USE TO

UTILIZE IN US SOY SAUCE MAKING

INCLUDE THE YEAST

FUNGAL SPECIES CAN BE HARMFUL

•ASPERIGILLUS FLAVUS PRODUCE AFLATOXIN

A POISONOUS SUBSTANCE.

•TRICHOPHYTON MENTAGROPHYTES AND T.

RUBRUM- CAUSE ATHLETE’S FOOT

•T. RUBRUM CAN ALSO CAUSE RINGWORM

FUNGAL SPECIES CAN BE HARMFUL