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First Aid
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SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS1
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
FRACTURES AND FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONSDISLOCATIONS
SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS2
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
Learning Outcomes Learning Outcomes
• Describe types of fractures.
• Recognise suspected:
• Fractures
• Dislocations
• Sprains and sprains
Administer first aid for suspected
• Fractures
• Dislocations
• Sprains and sprains
SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS3
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
4 MAIN TYPES4 MAIN TYPES
CLOSED – where the broken bone does not puncture the skin
OPEN – where the broken bone has punctured the skin creating a wound and possible infection
COMPLICATED – can be either closed or open and will involve injury to another part of the body
GREEN STICK – Bones are more flexible and split but are not totally severed. Often mistaken for sprains and strains.
SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS4
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
CAUSES OF FRACTURES CAUSES OF FRACTURES Direct Force – slipping on a wet surface and
landing on you back or being struck with a blunt object
Indirect Force – landing heavily or awkwardly from a fall or jump – bones in the foot may break but also possibly leg, pelvis, spine and skill
Muscular contraction – electricity, epilepsy Twisting Force – torsion forces on the bones
and muscles Pathological – bones have become brittle or
weak due to disease
SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS5
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
Recognition of a FractureRecognition of a Fracture Pain Loss of Power Unnatural movement Swelling or bruising Deformity Irregularity Crepitus Tenderness
SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS6
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
Treatment of Fracture/break Treatment of Fracture/break Keep injury still and the child warm Dial 999 for an ambulance if1. There is a suspected injury to the spine, head or neck2. The child has difficulty breathing3. There is deformity, irregularity or unnatural
movement4. It is an open fracture5. Child is in a lot of pain treat for SHOCK6. You cannot easily get the child to hospital whilst
keeping the injury still Cover open wounds with a dressing
SHOCK & MEDICAL CONDITIONS7
Trg03/1st Aid/Mod 6
Treatment of a Dislocation Treatment of a Dislocation
If in doubt treat as a fracture / break DO NOT try to relocate the dislocation Support the dislocation Keep the child warm Do not give anything to eat or drink THINK SHOCK