Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
What I did yesterday?
Scoping analysis for the LEAP Technical Advisory Group (TAG)
Soil Carbon Stock Changes in livestock production systemsGuillermo Peralta and Miguel A. Taboada
INTA Institute of Soils and CONICET-ArgentinaMiguel Brandão
KTH – Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Outline
1. Background and objectives2. Types of SOC models3. SOC changes and LCA4. Contentious issues in modelling approaches5. Proposed boundaries6. Conclusions
Second Workshop of the International Network of Soil Information Institutions
(INSII)
Follow up of the WSRR 2015. Priority of action: Global Management of Soil
Organic MatterMiguel A. Taboada
INTA Institute of Soils and CONICET-Argentina
Outline
1. Background 2. Objectives3. Template and examples4. Ongoing results5. How can this study continue?
Outline
1. Background 2. Objectives3. Template and examples4. Ongoing results5. How can this study continue?
In its Fifth Working Session the ITPS established four specific working groups tasked to closely follow up on the four main priorities for action identified by the SWSR:1. Sustainable soil management and assessment of soil degradation and restoration (WG Leader: Gunay Erpul, Turkey)2. The global management of soil organic matter (WG Leader: Miguel Taboada, Argentina)3. Sustainable nutrient management aiming to stabilize or reduce global nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilizer use while simultaneously increasing fertilizer use in regions of nutrient deficiency. (WG Leader: Gary Pierzynski, USA)4. Improve soil data and information systems. (WG Leader: Neil McKenzie, Australia).
International context:
a) ITPS-SPI-UNCCD collaboration to address a joint deliverable 2: “Joint reporting on soil organic carbon in the framework of indicator 15.3.1 of the SDGs and the endorsed metrics for the assessment of land degradation neutrality (LDN) with the support of WG 2 ’Soil Organic carbon’ of ITPS”.
Joint ITPS-SPI reports to be submitted to the 5th GSP Plenary Assembly and to the 13th Conference of the Parties (COP 13) of UNCCD in 2017.
b) Launching of “4 pour mil Initiative” by the French Government.
c) The elevated role of soil organic carbon in the global climate change discussion. SOC would be incorporated into the IPCC Assessment Reports (AR) (especially AR6).
Joint Global ITPS-GSP-FAO and IPCC Soil Organic Carbon Conference organized during the first quarter of 2017.
Outline
1. Background 2. Objectives3. Template and examples4. Ongoing results5. How can this study continue?
Objetive:
The “Global Management of Soil Organic Matter (SOM)” priority of action aims to list, review and/or evaluate the impact of different initiatives, practices and actions undertaken by different stakeholders involved in SOM management with the aim of improving soil functions, soil fertility, structural stability and movement of water in agroecosystems and ecosystems.
This includes any practice, initiative and action aimed at carbon sequestration in soil profiles and SOM maintenance or recovery.
Priority of Action 2: Global management of Soil Organic Matter (SOM).
Outline
1. Background 2. Objectives3. Template and examples4. Ongoing results5. How can this study continue?
2. Who was involved and/or participated?
Stakeholders: public/private, type of farmer,gender issues, type of product
4. What were the results?Effectiveness of the practice: SOM contents,
production levels (crop yields, meet and dairy production, etc), greenhouse emissions..
1. What was done and why?
Field and/or practices aiming at SOCsequestration, maintanance or restoration
Policies, laws and or regulations
SOM and climate change mitigation monitoring, remote sensing, modeling
Publications: peer reviewed, “grey”, congress and meetings, local reports
5. How were changes observed or measured?
3. Where and what area (size) was covered?
Scale of implementation: global, supra-national, national, regional
Soil types
ITPS Priority of Action: “Global Management of Soil Organic Matter (SOM)”
What were the results?
Number Practice Law/regulation Scale Region/Country/Continent
Soil Type(s) (FAO Soil
Classification preferred) Main results References Monitoring
1
Ley Nº 18.564 CONSERVACIÓN, USO Y MANEJO ADECUADO DE LOS SUELOS Y LAS AGUAS Uruguay
Phaeozems, Vertisols, Palnosols, and others
Enacted in August 2008 (Decree 405) and applied by means of obligatory "Plans for Soil Use and Soil", with practices recommended by agronomists with the aim of not exceeding maximum allowable soil losses, calculated with the RUSLE equation. Successfull adoption by the farmers, but with previous advice of respected soil scientists.
Available in: http://www.cebra.com.uy/renare/planes-de-uso-y-manejo-de-suelos/ingreso-del-plan/
2 No tillage adoption
Southern Cone of America: Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay, Bolivia y Paraguay.
Phaeozems, Vertisols, Planosols, Fluvisols, Ferralsols, and others
General increase in adoption from about 1990, driven by different factors (soil conservation, high fuel prices, greater production scale, etc.). The region consists of about 40% of the global no-tilled area (more than 120 million hectares). Soil erosion losses decreased and physical quality of topsoil generally improved.
Álvarez, C. R., M. A. Taboada, F. H.Gutiérrez Boem, A. Bono, P. L.Fernández, P. Prystupa. 2009. Topsoilproperties as affected by tillage systems inthe Rolling Pampa region of Argentina.Soil Science Society of America Journal73: 1242-1250. (Online ISSN: 1435-0661 Print ISSN: 0361-5995).Steinbach, H. S. & R. Alvarez. 2006.Changes in soil organic carboncontents and nitrous oxideemissions after introduction of no-till in Pampean agroecosystem. J.Environ. Qual. 35: 3-13.Bolliger A., J. Magid, .J. C. T. Amado, F. S. Neto, M. de F. dos SantosRibeiro, A.Calegari, R.Ralisch, A.deNeergaard. 2006. Taking Stock ofthe Brazil ian “Zero Till‐ Revolution”:A Review of Landmark Researchand Farmers' Practice. Advances inAgronomy 91, 47-110.
3 Australia
Australian Government, 2011.NCAS: National CarbonAccounting System.http://www.climatechange.gov.au/en/government/initiatives/national-carbon-accounting.aspx.
National soil carbon accounting
4 France
GIS Sol. 2014. Groupementd'Intérêt Scientifique Sol. INRAInfosoil Unit. En:htpp://www.gissol.fr.
5
Soil sampling grid
What was done and why? Where and what area was covered? How were changes observed or measured?
Outline
1. Background 2. Objectives3. Template and examples4. Ongoing results5. How can this study continue?
• 23 responses received• Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay, Peru, Venezuela,
Mexico and Honduras.• Austria, France• Senegal• China• Australia
Examples• Austria: greening of arable land by intermediate crops and by
"Evergreen" system;• Venezuela: Agroecological grazing management (Voisin System)• Uruguay, Honduras, Mexico, Senegal: laws or regulations for the
use and conservation of soils and forests, application of manures and biosolids.
• Songliao Region (China): implementation of a regional plan for erosion control, regulation of land use and recovery of degraded soils.
• Argentina: launching of Land Degradation Neutrality Program
Outline
1. Background 2. Objectives3. Template and examples4. Ongoing results5. How can this study continue?
• More responses are needed to strengthen the assessment. Renewed call for collaboration soon.
• Review of published literature is still lacking.
• Follow up of Priority 2 “Global management of SOM” should be related to Global Soil C Mapping.
