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What is a flowchart, advantages, disadvantages, exercises
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Flowcharts
Mukesh N. TekwaniIsmail Yusuf College of Arts, Science and Commerce,Jogeshwari (East),Mumbai
Presented at the One Day Workshop Organized by K.P.B. Hinduja College of Commerce, University of Mumbai on the
Semester-wise split T.Y.B.Com and S.Y.B.Com Computer papers on
July 20, 2013
April 12, 2023
What is a Flowchart?What is a flowchart?
◦Graphical or pictorial representation of an algorithm or problem solving process
Flow?◦Indicates the flow of logic, or sequence
of steps. ◦There is a ‘before’ step and an ‘after’
step◦Flow control is needed because
programs are not linear or top-to-down
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Why flowchart is useful?
A picture is worth a thousand words
Help in understanding complicated logic
Language-independent and so easy to
write program in various languages
Good tool for documentation
◦ Verbose syntax of certain languages is difficult
to understand; flowchart eliminates the need
to know syntax to understand the logic
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What can a Flowchart Represent?Sequential statements – assignment,
calculations, input & output
Branching or Selection Statements – if-
then, if-then-else: using Decision Symbol
Looping Statements – for, while loops
Switch-Case statement (successive
decision symbols)
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Symbols used in Flowcharts
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Guidelines in Drawing a FlowchartLogical sequence
Standard symbols
Direction of flow top-to-down
◦To jump to a step further down, go
from right
◦To jump to a step above the current
step, go from left
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Guidelines in Drawing a FlowchartOnly one flow line should enter a decision
symbol
More than one flow line may leave a
symbol
Only one flow line used with Stop symbol
Use connector symbol to breakup a
complex flowchart
A flowchart must end with the Stop
statementMukesh N. Tekwani 7
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Flowchart of ‘while’ loop
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Flowchart of ‘for’ loop
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Flowchart of ‘if’ statement
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Flowchart of ‘if-else’ statement
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Flowchart of ‘switch-case’ statement
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Sum of Two Numbers
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START
INPUT X, Y
Is X > Y ?
BIG = X
Yes
PRINT BIG
BIG = Y
STOP
No
Larger Of Two Numbers
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Factorial of a Number
Yes
START
Read N
F = 1M = 1
IsM = N?
F = F * M
Print F
NoM = M + 1
STOP
Assume:N no. whose factorial is required
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Multiplication Table of a
number
input by user Mukesh N. Tekwani 16
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Flowchart – Find the Largest of Three Numbers
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Limitations of FlowchartsComplex – for lengthy algorithms,
flowchart can be very large difficult to
follow
Time-consuming – drawing complex
flowcharts can be very time-consuming
Modification – difficult to modify; redraw
entire flowchart
Update – program update is easier; not so
for flowcharts redraw flowchart !Mukesh N. Tekwani 18
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ExerciseDesign an algorithm and the
corresponding flowchart for finding the sum of the numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, …, n
Draw a flowchart to read 100 numbers and then display the sum
Draw a flowchart to display all odd numbers between 0 and 1000
Draw a flowchart to find the sum of first 10 natural numbers and then display the sum
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SuggestionsAlgorithm Flowchart Program
Use programs in C language to
develop questions on Algorithms
and Flowcharts
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THANK YOU
STOP
Mukesh N. Tekwani 21
