Fine Art And Literature

Painters: more than 800 recognized in the country, most are self-taught, working full-time, and using a variety of styles Primitive art encouraged by DeWitt Peters an artist & teacher from the U.S. Philome Obin founding father of this movement, Hector Hyppolite a poor voodoo priest was the greatest painter of the movement & found by DeWitt Mural Painting started in 1949 by Selden Rodman an American poet & art critic: church murals Wilson Bigauds Miracle at Cana in the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity Literature: comes from the anger directed against the white masters of the colonial past Jacques Roumain poet, novelist, ethnologist: Jean Price-Mars innovator who supported the concept of Negritude or pride in being black and in the African heritage: Leon Laleau poetry & prose: Louis Diaquoi journalist & poet fostered the literary group Les Griots whose material comes from voodoo Women: Virgine Sampeur, Ida Faubert, Lucie Archin-Lay, Marie Chauvet Sculpture: Odilon Duperier carved masks and figures: Jasmin Joseph- terracotta sculptures: Georges Liataud & Murat Vriere sheet iron sculpture: Roger Francois dried roots

Primitive art

Painters: Do not have a uniform Dominican style Costumbrismo Realism / Dominican customs and themes Guillo Perez, Gilberto Hernandez Ortega, Ada Balcacer, Abelardo Urdaneta Literature: Bartolome de Las Casas colonial period Historia de Las Indias Romantic Period influenced by France through the 19 th century Realism Modernism Postumismo Poesia de sopresa Manuel de Jesus Galvan nobel savage idealized in Enriquillo Salome Urena de Heriquez patriotic poetry Gaston Fernando Deligne modernist Domingo Moreno Jimenes Postumismo Hector Inchaustegui Cabral Poesia de sopresa Juan Bosch former president Julia Alvarez modern life of Dom-Yorks

Ballet: Highly regarded. The National Ballet Company ranks as one of the worlds most talented. Also: Camaguey Ballet and Cuban National Dance Alicia Alonso most prominent ballet personality Poster Art 1965 1975 Golden Age of the Poster: Challenging political ideas demonstrated in posters; combined pop art, minimalism, and surrealism; mix of Afro-American, Indo-American, Euro-American Che Guevara publicly rejected the Soviet Unions stifling of art, many posters are painted of him Painting: Wilfredo Lam post-World War II surrealist, Afro-Cuban themes La Jungle Manuel Mendive Afro-Cuban themes Untitled Raul Martinez introduced pop art The Island Literature: Government encouraged Cubans to read books with revolutionary or equality themes Cirilo Villaverde Cecilia Valdes Others: Alejo Carpentier, Jose Lezama Lima, Luis Rogelio political thrillers

Painters: Independence Movement 1950s-60s Philip Lewis formed the group Soul to Art There have not been many formal means to develop and support artists Literature: Was written in Standard English now a movement to write in the standard language of creole English Zee Edgell Beka Lamb, In Times Like These, The Festival of SanJoaquin

Painters: Eduardo Kingman & Camilio Egas, have indigenous backgrounds and have used indigenous subjects to portray suffering and oppression. Oswaldo Guayasamin most controversial and best known, his works portray social or political protest but often with rather ugly depictions of indigenous people. One portion of his mural in the Congress building in Quito shows a skeleton wearing a helmet that says the letters CIA, meaning the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. This created a huge argument. The U. AS. Ambassador called for the letters to be painted out, and there was a discussion about cutting aid to Ecuador, but in the end the painting remained.

Literature: Mario Vargas Llosa novelist born in 1936 is one of the most famous Peruvians of recent times. He studied at San Marcos Univesity in Lima. His themes are based on his life in Peru. Conversation in the Cathedral is his most well known work. In 1990 he tried to become elected President of Peru. After being defeated he left to be in Spain. Peruvian writer Mario Vargas Llosa is so many things he is best described as a modern-day Renaissance man. Politician, playwright, art, film and literature critic and essayist, he is perhaps best known as one of a handful of novelists that have brought contemporary Latin American literature to the forefront internationally.

Sculptor: Jose Belloni enormous images of work animals Jose Luis Zorilla de San Martin images of local things & people Painters 19 th century: Pedro Figari also vice-president in 1904; painted landscapes and everyday life Joaquin Torres Garcia constructivism abstract art that used materials such as glass and metal Painters contemporary: Carlos Paez Vilaro painted a mural The Roots of Peace on the walls of the Pan American Union tunnel in Washington, D.C.in 1960 Jose Belloni

Painters: Leonor Fini: Born in Buenos Aires in 1907 of an Italian mother and Argentinian father whom she never knew, Drawing was an important part of her life and her extraordinary draughtsmanship is marked by rapid, vibrant, sharply incisive strokes of a fine pen. Leonor was a born story-teller, both in conversation and in the many tales, memoir-fragments, prose-poems and three "novels" that she wrote beginning in the early seventies. Jose Maria Villafuerte paints in the style, vintage racecars, born in 1954 in Buenos Aires Influences in dance and song come from Native American, Spanish, Gaucho folk music, Portenos. Classical composers: Alberto Williams and Carlos Lopez Buchardo Pato a national game orginally from the gauchos (dangerous then) Literature: Jorge Luis Borges world famous short stories are strange and written in magical realism, influential http://www. villafuerte .com. ar / obras . htm

Poets: 2 Nobel Prize winners for literature Gabriela Mistral a school teacher who wrote lyric poetry about lost love and everyday country people The Nobel Prize in Literature 1945 "for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world" Gabriela Mistral (pen-name of Lucila Godoy y Alcayaga) Chile b. 1889 d. 1957

Gabriela Mistral Banquet Speech (Translation) Gabriela Mistral's speech at the Nobel Banquet at the City Hall in Stockholm, December 10, 1945 Today Sweden turns toward a distant Latin American country to honour it in the person of one of the many exponents of its culture. It would have pleased the cosmopolitan spirit of Alfred Nobel to extend the scope of his protectorate of civilization by including within its radius the southern hemisphere of the American continent. As a daughter of Chilean democracy, I am moved to have before me a representative of the Swedish democratic tradition, a tradition whose originality consists in perpetually renewing itself within the framework of the most valuable creations of society. The admirable work of freeing a tradition from deadwood while conserving intact the core of the old virtues, the acceptance of the present and the anticipation of the future, these are what we call Sweden, and these achievements are an honour to Europe and an inspiring example for the American continent. The daughter of a new people, I salute the spiritual pioneers of Sweden, by whom I have been helped more than once. I recall its men of science who have enriched its national body and mind. I remember the legion of professors and teachers who show the foreigner unquestionably exemplary schools, and I look with trusting love to those other members of the Swedish people: farmers, craftsmen, and workers. At this moment, by an undeserved stroke of fortune, I am the direct voice of the poets of my race and the indirect voice for the noble Spanish and Portuguese tongues. Both rejoice to have been invited to this festival of Nordic life with its tradition of centuries of folklore and poetry. May God preserve this exemplary nation, its heritage and its creations, its efforts to conserve the imponderables of the past and to cross the present with the confidence of maritime people who overcome every challenge. My homeland, represented here today by our learned Minister Gajardo, respects and loves Sweden, and it has sent me here to accept the special honour you have awarded to it. Chile will treasure your generosity among her purest memories.

The Nobel Prize in Literature 1971 "for a poetry that with the action of an elemental force brings alive a continent's destiny and dreams" Pablo Neruda (pen-name of Neftal Ricardo Reyes Basoalto) Chile b. 1904 d. 1973 a committed Communist, wrote about hunger, poverty, and the plight of factory workers http:// nobelprize .org/literature/laureates/1971/ neruda -lecture.html

http://nobelprize.org/literature/laureates/1971/neruda-diploma.html Pablo Neruda Nobel Diploma Artist: Gunnar Brusewitz Calligrapher: Kerstin Anckers

Painters: Largely unknown outside of Mexico Mexican Muralist Diego Rivera Others: Jose Fors, Manuel Gonzale

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