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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.0 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

A social networking site is a web-based service that allow user to construct a public or semi-

public profile. User may build a networking which can connects him or her with others social

networking sites user. User is allowed to share their story or activity with others user on the

internet through these social networking site. Over the years, a lot of social networking sites have

been constructed, and now there is more than 1 billion of user is using social networking site

everyday on the world.

Social network site is unique not only because they allow individuals to meet strangers, is

because they allow users to articulate and make visible their social networks. This can result in

connections between individuals that would not otherwise be made, but that is often not the goal,

and these meetings are frequently between ―latent ties‖ who share some offline connection. On

many of the large Social Networking Sites, participants are not necessarily "networking" or

looking to meet new people; instead, they are primarily communicating with people who are

already a part of their extended social network. To emphasize this articulated social network as a

critical organizing feature of these sites, people label them as "social network sites."

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

In this project, the researcher will focus on the Kolej Asa Rawang student that age is between 18-

30 years old. Kolej Asa is a private college under Ministry of Education. The colleges offer a one

or two Years Programme for students to further their studies after their SPM and as a preparation

for the students before pursuing their study to the university.

According to Wikipedia, A social networking service (Sites) is a platform to build social

networks or social relations among people who, for example, share interests, activities,

backgrounds, or real-life connections. A social network service consists of a representation of

each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services. Most social

network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such

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as e-mail and instant messaging. Online community services are sometimes considered as a

social network service, though in a broader sense, social network service usually means an

individual-centered service whereas online community services are group-centered. Social

networking sites allow users to share ideas, pictures, posts, activities, events, and interests with

people in their network. The main types of social networking services (Sites) are those that

contain category places (such as former school year or classmates), means to connect with

friends (usually with self-description pages), and a recommendation system linked to trust. The

symbolically of the social networking services (Sites) are Facebook, Twitter, Google+, Tumblr,

Friendster, Classmate and others.

The potential for computer networking to facilitate newly improved forms of computer-mediated

social interaction was suggested early on. Efforts to support social networks via computer-

mediated communication were made in many early online services, including Usenet, Apranet,

Listserv, and bulletin board services short also knows as BBS. Many prototypical features of

social networking sites were also present in online services such as America Online, Prodigy,

CompuServe, ChatNet, and The WELL. Early social networking on the World Wide Web began

in the form of generalized online communities such as Theglobe.com on 1995, Geocities on 1994

and Tripod.com on 1995. Many of these early communities focused on bringing people together

to interact with each other through chat rooms, and encouraged users to share personal

information and ideas via personal webpages by providing easy-to-use publishing tools and free

or inexpensive web space.

Some communities - such as Classmates.com - took a different approach by simply having

people link to each other via email addresses. In the late 1990s, user profiles became a central

feature of social networking sites, allowing users to compile lists of "friends" and search for

other users with similar interests. New social networking methods were developed by the end of

the 1990s and many sites began to develop more advanced features for users to find and manage

friends. This newer generation of social networking sites began to flourish with the emergence

of SixDegrees.com in 1997, followed by Makeoutclub in 2000, Hub Culture and Friendster in

2002, and soon became part of the Internet mainstream. Friendster was followed

by MySpace and LinkedIn a year later, and eventually Bebo. Attesting to the rapid increase in

social networking sites' popularity, by 2005, it was reported that MySpace was getting more page

views than Google. Facebook is launched in 2004; and it became the largest social networking

site in the worlds in early 2009.

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1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The reason of the researcher is choosing this project is because nowadays, the internet

multimedia is growing with a very fast way. There is a lot internet-based or web-based

application, software or website. In these entire item, the most common item would be used by

the student is the social network sites. On this project, the researcher is going to find out the

reason of the student in Kolej Asa is using social network sites and what are the benefit of using

social network sites and is that the social network sites is convenience to use.

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION

I. Why Kolej Asa student is using social network site?

II. What makes Kolej Asa student started to use social network site?

III. What is the Benefit of Kolej Asa student while they are using social network site?

IV. Is that social network site is convenience while used by Kolej Asa student?

1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

I. To find that why Kolej Asa student is using social network site.

II. To explore what makes Kolej Asa student started to use social network site.

III. To find out what is the Benefit of Kolej Asa student while they are using social

network site.

IV. To find out is that social network site is convenience while used by Kolej Asa student.

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1.5 SIGNIFACANCE OF STUDY

The finding of this project will be on understanding the reason of why Kolej Asa students joined

social network site and is there any benefit and convenience while Kolej Asa student using social

network sites. On this project, it will benefit the parent, family, college, school, student, educator

and also some organizational. This project will help them to get know about what is social

network site is about and what benefit there are giving. From this information, the Beneficiaries

may use this information to make their changes about their children or student or research or

their business.

1.6 RESEARCH SCOPE

The scope of the project is focus on why and the benefit of Kolej Asa student joined and using

social network site and is that the social network site is convenience to use. The students

involved in this project are currently studying in Kolej Asa in Rawang.

1.7 LIMITATION

The limitation in this project faced by the researcher is the limit of returned answer, time and

also the transportation, due to these limitation, the researcher will giving out as many

questionnaire as the researcher may do and arrange the transportation of researcher.

1.7.1 DOESN’T REFLECT THE REAL DATA

The combination of primary and secondary data had been used for this research might not

represent or reflect the real data exists due to the problem researcher faced

1.7.2 BROAS SUBJECT

That is too hard to present the result what reflect in the research progress. Since the research is in

the direction of personality factors on social networking user's attitude.

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1.8 CONCLUTION

On this chapter, the overview of the study, background of the study, problem statement, research

question and objectives, significance of study, research scope and limitation have been written

down. This chapter is explaining about what the project is about, where that the project will take

place, who will be involve in the project, why that the project is started and how the project is

conducted.

After completing this chapter, the project can be conducted and started to proceed due to the

main element of the project is already identified and described.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter is focuses on the definition of social networking sites and what does social

networking sites stands for. It going to describe about the function, value and type of social

networking sites have. This chapter is also going to describe that what does social networking

sites provide or offer to community.

2.1 SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

Social network sites is web-based services that allow individuals to construct a public or semi-

public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they share a

connection, and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the

system. The nature and nomenclature of these connections may vary from site to site.

While the researcher use the term "social network site" to describe this phenomenon, the term

"social networking sites" also appears in public discourse, and the two terms are often used

interchangeably. Researcher chooses not to employ the term "networking" for two reasons:

emphasis and scope. "Networking" emphasizes relationship initiation, often between strangers.

While networking is possible on these sites, it is not the primary practice on many of them, nor is

it what differentiates them from other forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC).

What makes social network sites unique is not that they allow individuals to meet strangers, but

rather that they enable users to articulate and make visible their social networks. This can result

in connections between individuals that would not otherwise be made, but that is often not the

goal, and these meetings are frequently between "latent ties" (Haythornthwaite, 2005) who share

some offline connection. On many of the large SNSs, participants are not necessarily

"networking" or looking to meet new people; instead, they are primarily communicating with

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people who are already a part of their extended social network. To emphasize this articulated

social network as a critical organizing feature of these sites, we label them "social network sites."

While SNSs have implemented a wide variety of technical features, their backbone consists of

visible profiles that display an articulated list of Friends1 who are also users of the system.

Profiles are unique pages where one can "type oneself into being" (Sundén, 2003, p. 3). After

joining an SNS, an individual is asked to fill out forms containing a series of questions. The

profile is generated using the answers to these questions, which typically include descriptors

such as age, location, interests, and an "about me" section. Most sites also encourage users to

upload a profile photo. Some sites allow users to enhance their profiles by adding multimedia

content or modifying their profile's look and feel. Others, such as Facebook, allow users to add

modules ("Applications") that enhance their profile.

The visibility of a profile varies by site and according to user discretion. By default, profiles on

Friendster and Tribe.net are crawled by search engines, making them visible to anyone,

regardless of whether or not the viewer has an account. Alternatively, LinkedIn controls what a

viewer may see based on whether she or he has a paid account. Sites like MySpace allow users to

choose whether they want their profile to be public or "Friends only." Facebook takes a different

approach—by default, users who are part of the same "network" can view each other's profiles,

unless a profile owner has decided to deny permission to those in their network. Structural

variations around visibility and access are one of the primary ways that SNSs differentiate

themselves from each other.

After joining a social network site, users are prompted to identify others in the system with

which they have a relationship. The label for these relationships differs depending on the site—

popular terms include "Friends," "Contacts," and "Fans." Most SNSs require bi-directional

confirmation for Friendship, but some do not. These one-directional ties are sometimes labeled

as "Fans" or "Followers," but many sites call these Friends as well. The term "Friends" can be

misleading, because the connection does not necessarily mean friendship in the everyday

vernacular sense, and the reasons people connect are varied (Boyd, 2006a).

The public display of connections is a crucial component of SNSs. The Friends list contains links

to each Friend's profile, enabling viewers to traverse the network graph by clicking through the

Friends lists. On most sites, the list of Friends is visible to anyone who is permitted to view the

profile, although there are exceptions. For instance, some MySpace users have hacked their

profiles to hide the Friends display, and LinkedIn allows users to opt out of displaying their

network.

Most SNSs also provide a mechanism for users to leave messages on their Friends' profiles. This

feature typically involves leaving "comments," although sites employ various labels for this

feature. In addition, SNSs often have a private messaging feature similar to webmail. While both

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private messages and comments are popular on most of the major SNSs, they are not universally

available.

Not all social network sites began as such. QQ started as a Chinese instant messaging service,

Lunar Storm as a community site, CY world as a Korean discussion forum tool, and Sky rock

(formerly Sky blog) was a French blogging service before adding SNS features. Classmates.com,

a directory of school affiliates launched in 1995, began supporting articulated lists of Friends

after SNSs became popular. Asian Avenue, Mi Gente, and Black Planet were early popular

ethnic community sites with limited Friends functionality before re-launching in 2005-2006 with

SNS features and structure.

Beyond profiles, Friends, comments, and private messaging, SNSs vary greatly in their features

and user base. Some have photo-sharing or video-sharing capabilities; others have built-in

blogging and instant messaging technology. There are mobile-specific SNSs (e.g., Dodge ball),

but some web-based SNSs also support limited mobile interactions (e.g., Facebook, MySpace,

and CY world). Many SNSs target people from specific geographical regions or linguistic groups,

although this does not always determine the site's constituency. Orkut, for example, was

launched in the United States with an English-only interface, but Portuguese-speaking Brazilians

quickly became the dominant user group (Kopytoff, 2004). Some sites are designed with specific

ethnic, religious, sexual orientation, political, or other identity-driven categories in mind. There

are even SNSs for dogs (Dogster) and cats (Catster), although their owners must manage their

profiles.

While SNSs are often designed to be widely accessible, many attract homogeneous populations

initially, so it is not uncommon to find groups using sites to segregate themselves by nationality,

age, educational level, or other factors that typically segment society (Hargittai, this issue), even

if that was not the intention of the designers. (Reference from Social Network Sites: Definition,

History, and Scholarship.)

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2.1.1 THE TYPES OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

There are more social networks than ever, and more people using them. The sheer variety in

social networking, though, has left us with an increasingly narrow definition of what a social

network is. Perhaps the only one that applies to all of them, from Twitter to Facebook to snap

chat, is this: a social network is a communications service based on your identity.

It follows, then, that a social network‘s ability to affect your identity should be considered it‘s

most important trait and that therefore there are two types of social network:

1) Those that simulate social mobility

2) Those that doesn‘t

Mobility provides a handy lens through which to judge the networks we use every day and to

understand why we like, or don‘t like, using them. It also brings them into one of the internet‘s

longest running and most important conversations, from which they‘ve been oddly absent: is the

internet a place for opportunity, or a place for reproduction of existing social orders?

Another way to describe this distinction might be to say that some social networks

are aspirational, while some replicate what already exists in your life. Some give you a way to

become something your aren‘t, or, more accurately, to alter how people see you, while others,

over time, insist on creating a more accurate portrait of who you are.

Twitter is one of the largest, and purest, aspirational social networks. This is built into the site‘s

―Follow‖-centric vocabulary. Twitter is a place where you have followers, not friends; a place

where following fewer people than follow you is a sign of status; a place where the verification

of your real identity is really an acknowledgment that you‘ve become something other than

yourself something better, in Twitter‘s abstracted terms. Fleeting interaction with celebrities and

the powerful fuels users‘ hopes, giving them the sense, at least, of a level playing field. And

while social mobility on Twitter may be overemphasized (it‘s telling that it‘s usually defined in

terms of celebrity), its algorithms the closest thing it has to a societal framework aren‘t much of a

mystery. Famous people in real life are famous on Twitter. You see tweets from people you

follow, and people they want to introduce you to. Regular people who post and share tweets

people like accrue twitter fame.

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Facebook, the first major social network to require real identities, sits at the other end of the

spectrum. If Twitter is the place you go to remake yourself (albeit in a way that very likely will

be contained entirely within Twitter), Facebook is the place that won‘t stop reminding you of

who you really are (or were). In a post this week, Cliff Watson wrote of his experience on

Facebook:

What is Facebook to most people over the age of 25? It‘s a never-ending class reunion mixed

with an eternal late-night dorm room gossip session mixed with a nightly check-in on what

coworkers are doing after leaving the office. In other words, it‘s a place where you go to keep

tabs on your friends and acquaintances.

Facebook, to users who joined years ago, can even feel like an engine of downward mobility at

best, visiting is a metaphorical trip home to ―the block,‖ where you try to find ways of explaining

what your life is like, how it‘s changed, and how it‘s gotten better, or how it‘s gotten worse,

without sounding like a jerk, or pathetic, or like you‘re talking too much about yourself. It‘s

appropriate that, in the year since going public, Facebook has been reminded repeatedly by its

new context the public market of its own inescapable identity as an ad platform. Its

recent experiments in self-expression have been fraught.

Facebook‘s lack of mobility is sewn into the fabric of the site. Connections for users are

symmetrical a crude digital equivalent to establishing a relationship or an acquaintanceship in

real life. If it feels like a popularity contest, it‘s only in an antiquated sense; it encourages none

of the self-as-a-minor-celebrity illusions that Twitter does.

But the overall effect, despite (or because of) its realism, can be grim. Facebook is a place where

posts, not people, find mobility. If something you do gets noticed, you get little in the way of

lasting benefit it‘s a place where users share content, and content doesn‘t share back. Facebook is

a place where brands, not users, can become famous. On Facebook, ―followers‖ are for people

who have them in real life.

The other large social networks fall into these categories, too. Tumblr, a space that values

performance over all else, and which lets people be both successful and unrecognizable, is an

aspirational network, a place where you‘re encouraged to be who you want to be rather than who

you are. Google Plus‘s ultimate goal, like Facebook‘s, is to progressively recreate your real-

world identity online it‘s just starting with a different (private, and arguably therefore more

relevant) set of data. LinkedIn is an aspirational service wrapped in realist mechanics. In a much

more significant way than Twitter, it‘s a place that promises to make you into someone else.

When that doesn‘t pan out, the mechanics overwhelm the experience. An impotent LinkedIn

profile is the most depressing real estate on social media.

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In the context of near-constant Facebook doom saying, the future may seem to favor upwardly

mobile networks. But in reality, it may favor neither. As Watson claims in his piece, the next

generation of social networks message-heavy services like Snapchat, Kik and Whatsapp is more

―social‖ and less ―network‖ than what came before. They have no outwardly visible social

structures and little in the way of profiles. Twitter brought texting to the public internet; these

services are taking it back off.

While they don‘t fit most pundits‘ ideas of what a social network is they fit our stripped-down,

broad one: they are services based, in a simple way, on identity. Instead, though, they manifest

users‘ identities not as public profiles, but as private handles a refreshing throwback that also

happens to preclude most discussion of discrete mobility (these services join in on real life more

than they mirror it; they create hidden parallel channels rather than online simulacra).

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2.1.2 THE VALUE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

Social networks gain value by enabling users to receive updates from contacts without physically

interacting with them directly. This allows users to keep up to date with a large network of

family, friends, and businesses. As marketers, we would like to be able to determine the value of

social networking sites – both new and upcoming. This will give marketers insights as to how to

allocate social media spending and increase consumer engagement with their brands.

The problem arises from the theory that the value of a social network is derived from

two seemingly opposite attributes:

Low redundancy of information – users will not see similar or repeated posts throughout

the feed. This allows for a greater variety of updates and will increase the value of the

social network.

More strong personal ties – categorized as family > friends > businesses, will increase the

value of the social network by providing more information about the user‘s interests.

Yotam Shmargad presents his results from the Joint Statistical Meetings in San Diego this year

about how these two attributes actually contribute to the valuation of a particular social network.

Shmargad determined that the users who most valued the social networking site were those that

had high redundancy within their most strong ties. In other words, users want similar or repeated

information only from their friends and family. Therefore, in order to fully measure the value of

a social network site, one must take into consideration not just redundancy and strong personal

ties, but the interaction between the two. The social networks more highly valued by consumers

are those that minimize redundancy within business networks and maximize redundancy within

family networks. As marketers, this means that in order to more fully engage consumers on

social networking sites we should aim to provide new and refreshing content at all times.

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2.1.3 FUNCTION OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

To address the need to structure and to identify the basic functionalities of SNS theoretically we

start by the two categories ‗keeping in touch‘ (1) and ‗identity management‘ (2) which are the

two main characteristics of (the definition of) SNS.

(1) Keeping in touch can be split in direct communication (direct exchange with someone) and

indirect communication (via artifacts 2) according to communication theories (e.g. the person-

artifact framework by Dixetal). In the context of indirect communication there is a need for

contact management – i.e. for defining filters of who will be able to get information about one‘s

activities (access control),and from whom one wants to see information. There is a lot

of research on these types of filters in CSCW on the communication of awareness – one

prominent example of using indirect communication.

(2) The field of identity management can be further specified regarding reasons for presenting

oneself: to be found, to (enable others) building a common context (more quickly) and to

generate information for indirect communication. This can also be seen from the other side: to

find someone, to build a common context (see if one has something in common with the other),

or to stay informed about the other (via indirect communication).

2.1.3.1 The Six Basic Functionalities of SNS

In addition to this theoretical approach from communication theories we have analyzed several

open and closed SNS to identify common functionalities. From this analysis a list of common

components was extracted and finally mapped to the tasks identified from theory. As a result we

propose a list of six basic functionalities of SNS:

1. Identity management

2. Expert finding

3. Context awareness

4. Contact management

5. Network awareness

6. Exchange

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Identity Management

Goff man views social interaction as human performance, which he compares to the performance

in a theater, and which is shaped by the audience and the environment. Because people are

constantly analyzed by others they construct consciously a social identity which they present to

their counterpart. In SNS the profile people construct is this staging of oneself -

for a particular audience, for a particular task to be achieved. Thus, in our context identity mana

gement means managing the availability of identity information – i.e. filling in information and

setting access rights (who is allowed to see what). Access rights can be direct or role based –

e.g. allowing access for all users in the personal network. This

form of self presentation satisfies several human needs, as a study by the SNS MySpace has

shown. Examples for functions enabling identity management in SNS are: (user) profile, group

memberships.

Expert Search

CSCW research has already dealt extensively with the use of the expert search as

a possibility to identify implicit knowledge). In this context one has todistinguish between the

possibility to search the network according to different criteria (e.g. name, interests, and

company) and the possibility to pro-actively receiver commendations of interesting contacts by

the SNS. Examples for functions enabling expert search in SNS are: search boxes.

Context Awareness

Context Awareness is the awareness of a common context with other people. This

can be information about common contacts, about common interests, about the sameuniversity

one has visited or the same company one has worked at. Context Awareness contributes a lot to

creating common trust among the users, which is essential for a successful collaboration.

Moreover, according to Soonhee and Hyangsoo ―knowledge sharing requires the dissemination

of individual employees‘ work-related experiences and collaboration between and among

individuals, […] and organizations‖. Examples for functions enabling context awareness in SNS

are: ―How you‘re connected to …‖-box.

Contact Management

Contact management combines all functionalities that enable the maintenance of the (digital)

personal network. Examples for functions enabling contact management in SNS are: tagging

people, access restrictions to profile.

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Network Awareness

The awareness of the activities (and/or the current status and changes of the latter) of the contacts

in the personal network is supported by functionalities, too. These functionalities enable indirect

communication via awareness. Examples for functions enabling network awareness in SNS are:

News Feeds, ―Birthdays‖-box.

Exchange

Exchange combines all possibilities to exchange information directly (e.g. messages) or

indirectly (e.g. photos or messages via bulletin boards). Morone and Tayler found e.g. that the

reduction of communication barriers is essential for successful knowledge sharing. Examples for

functions enabling exchange in SNS are: Messages, photo albums.

2.1.3.2 The Process of IT Supported Social Networking

When the above mentioned basic functionalities are mirrored back to the initial goal of SNS (i.e.

to support building, maintenance and usage of social networks), one can identify different

possible sequences in the utilization of the single functionalities. As one result of this

categorization of SNS functionalities a process description of IT supported social networking has

been developed (see Figure 1 and [15] for further information). Note that the two basic

functionalities direct and indirect exchange of views in exchange and network awareness

are integrated in one process step.

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Figure 2.1: process of IT supported social networking

The process illustrates the typical succession of several steps in the individual usage of SNS

(which are all more or less supported by current SNS implementations).It also shows that there

are different successions thinkable. The process is not strictly chronological or repetitive, i.e.

starting steps and successions can differ.

2.1.3.3 Online Surveys: Private Usage of SNS in Germany

In order to validate the results of the systematized organization of basic functionalities

comparative user survey has been conducted. The overall goal of the survey was to obtain an

overview of private usage of SNS in Germany.

2.1.3.3.1 Realization and Questionnaire

The quantitative research took place from December 5, 2007 to January 31, 2008 and consisted

of an online survey directed towards all German users of every sort of open (public) SNS. The

study population was approached in three different ways:

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(1) Five well-known German bloggers linked the online survey in their blogs. The readers of the

blogs are mainly IT-interested and already in working age.

(2) An invitation email was sent to all students and employees (n ≈ 4000) of the Bundeswehr

University Munich.

Two German SNS (www.spin.de, feierabend.de) approached all their users directly, bringing

their attention to the survey. Respondents entering the survey site (www.sns-umfrage.de)

received an introduction with the definition of SNS (mentioned above) and examples so

that every participant was well informed. The questionnaire contained 24 questions that aimed

towards the kinds of private use of different SNS by German web users. It consisted of four parts:

1. Socio-demographic questions (age, gender, usage of the Internet etc.; 6 questions in total),

2. Questions that allowed for the clustering of the different user types based on their SNS

usage (―how often do you use SNS?‖, ―how many contacts do you have‖; 4questions in

total, including filter questions on the respondents‘ specific SNS),

3. Questions concerning the functions of SNS (―how often do you use the following

functions…‖, ―how important do you consider the following functions…‖; 11questions in

total) and

4. Questions concerning online advertising and targeting (―how bothersome do you consider

the following forms of online advertising…‖ 3 questions in total).

At the end of the questionnaire a link to a wiki provided the possibilities to give additional open

feedback concerning personal SNS usage in general and the survey in particular. More than 30

people wrote commentaries, some of them were very helpful for understanding some individual

user behavior better. In the eight weeks under review about 5500 people visited the survey

website, 2650 of them completed the full questionnaire and were included in the analysis. The

sample is representative as far as education is concerned, whereas gender (62% men) and age (58%

are younger than 26 years, only 18.2% are older than 35 years) are unequally distributed. The

data was collected by the questionnaire tool UniPark (http://www.unipark.de) and analyzed using

SPSS 15 statistical software.

2.1.3.3.2 Important Results of the Study

The study had several aims – one of them was the validation of the basic functionalities

presented in Section 2. In the following we present some of the results for validating the

categorization of the functionalities 3.In the questionnaire we asked the respondents three times

in three different ways questions about functionalities in SNS. In Question 5 we wanted to know

how often the population uses different functions, in Question 7 we asked because of which

function the users do not want to renounce on the SNS and in questions 13 till 18 we interrogated

the importance of our basic functionalities. We considered it to be a difference if one uses a

function (often or seldom) or if he considers a function so important that he doesn‘t want to leave

the SNS because of the function. The functionalities interrogated in questions 5 and 7 were: ―to

keep contact‖, to share information‖, ―to get to know people‖, ―to share pictures‖, ―contact

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management‖, ―to present myself‖, ―expert/person search‖, ―Dating‖, ―to find

business partners‖. From the first sight it is obvious that these are not really basicfunctionalities.

Those are rather ―success factors of SNS‖ i.e. reasons for people to use SNS. As can be seen in

figures 2 and 3 the frequency of use and the opinion on the importance of the proposed features

were quite similar. Respondents mentioned they used features ―to keep contact‖ most often

(87.1%) and don‘t want to renounce on these (78.5%).

Figure 2.2 The Reason Of Using Social Networking

Second popular was ―sharing information‖ (frequency of use: 80.2%; importance: 50.7%).

Features ―to get to know people‖ are only used half the frequency (46.6%) of the first group, and

are esteemed only half so important (35.7%).

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These results reveal a lot about the intentions of the respondents to use a SNS: First of all, the

users want to keep contact with friends or colleagues they already know. Secondly they want to

share information with these people they already know. Getting to know people in general,

dating (frequency: 17%, importance: 11.2%) and finding new business partners (17%, 9.9%) is

less important and the features are less used. Further functions like expert search (frequency:

49.8%, importance: 14.8%), self-presentation (44.6%) and contact management (67.3%, 32.3%)

range in them ID field. In the following we distinguish two user groups:

1. Users of the German business SNS Xing (http://www.xing.de)

2. Users of the German student SNS StudiVZ (http://www.studivz.de)

The importance of the features differs according to the predominant use intention of the SNS (cf.

Figure 4). Xing is primarily used because it has features for contact management (58.3%), to

keep contact (55.3%) and to find business partners (52.3%),whereas StudiVZ is primarily used

for its features to keep contact (94.3%), to share information (53,3%) and to share pictures

(52.3%).

Figure 2.3 The Percentage of User of Xing and StudiVZ, Reason Of Using It.

Remarkably: Only 7.1% of StudiVZ users wouldn‘t leave the SNS because of its potential for

dating and only 47.7% of Xing users wouldn‘t leave the SNS because of its potential for expert

finding (which is one of Xing‘s declared goals). In both cases (for business and for private use),

―to keep contact‖ was a very important reason for the respondents to use the SNS. In a group of

five questions we asked the respondents how important they considered five of the six functions

we have identified (identity management, expert finding, contact management, network

awareness, and exchange). We couldn‘t consider context awareness, because functions like the

―How you‘re connected to…‖-path are only mostly used ―passively‖ i.e. they are displayed only.

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Altogether the respondents considered all functionalities of SNS mentioned above as important.

Functions that support exchange (81.3%) and awareness (74.6%) were valued as most important,

whereas the functions that enable identity management where valued as less important (54.5%)

(cf. Figure 5).

Figure 2.4 The Reason For Not Using SNSs

If we now compare these results with the answers to questions 5 and 7 one can say that, again,

keeping contact (awareness about the own contacts, exchange with them) was esteemed most

important by the users. In a further question we interrogated whether the users attached

importance to the occasional introduction of new functions: 70% of them did, 12% did not, and

the rest was undecided.

Besides the features which are so important for the users that they do not want to leave a SNS,

we also interrogated for which reasons users are willing to leave

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a platform (cf. Figure 6). We gave seven different reasons to leave the SNS: ―thenumber of

members declines‖, ―I have other SNS with same content‖, ―I‘m nerved by the ads of the SNS‖,

―I‘m afraid of data abuse‖, ―the service is charged‖, ―I‘m no longer interested in the SNS‖ and

―My friends are no more using the SNS‖.36.7% of the respondents would leave their SNS if a

majority of their contacts would. Only 27.1% would leave if the service was charged and 25%

would leave if they were afraid of data abuse. A declining number of friends was the first reason

for StudiVZ users to opt out (43.5%; with ―no more interested‖ on the second place: 32.2%) and

the second reason for Xing users (33.4%; with ―no more interested‖ on the first place: 40.8%).In

both cases (StudiVZ: 6.4%; Xing: 5.2%) the least reason for the users to leave a SNS was a

diminishing number of members. This completes the picture of the other results: If a great part of

friends are no longer in the SNS there is no possibility to keep contact to them. The users are

neither impressed by millions of people in a SNS whom they could possibly contact,

nor concerned by a small number of members. Most important to them are the people they

already know and with whom they want to keep in touch.

2.2 THE COMPARISON IN 3 TYPES OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

Researcher has chosen three types of social networking sites among the most common social

networking sites to compare their different.

The three social networking sites have chosen is:

I. Facebook, www.facebook.com

II. Deviant Art, www.deviantart.com

III. WAYN, www.wayn.com

2.2.1 What is Facebook?

Facebook is an online social networking service, whose name stems from the colloquial name for

the book given to students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations in

the United States to help students get to know each other. It was founded in February 2004

by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow Harvard University students

Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. The website's

membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but was expanded to other

colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University. It gradually added support

for students at various other universities before opening to high school students, and eventually

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to anyone aged 13 and over. Facebook now allows any users who declare them to be at least 13

years old to become registered users of the site.

Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add

other users as friends, and exchange messages, including automatic notifications when they

update their profile. Additionally, users may join common-interest user groups, organized by

workplace, school or college, or other characteristics, and categorize their friends into lists such

as "People from Work" or "Close Friends". As of September 2012, Facebook has over one

billion active users, of which 8.7% are fake. According to a May 2011 Consumer Reports survey,

there are 7.5 million children under 13 with accounts and 5 million under 10, violating the site's

terms of service.

In May 2005, Accel partners invested $12.7 million in Facebook, and Jim Breyer added $1

million of his own money to the pot. A January 2009 Compete.com study ranked Facebook as

the most used social networking service by worldwide monthly active users.

Entertainment included the site on its end-of-the-decade "best-of" list, saying, "How on earth did

we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers' birthdays, bug our friends, and play a rousing game

of Scrabulous before Facebook?" Facebook eventually filed for an initial public offering on

February 1, 2012, and was headquartered in Menlo Park, California. Facebook Inc. began selling

stock to the public and trading on the NASDAQ on May 18, 2012. Based on its 2012 income of

USD 5.1 Billion, Facebook joined The Fortune 500 list for the first time, being placed at position

of 462 on the list published in May 2013.

2.2.1.1 What Offed By Facebook?

User profile

Users can create profiles with photos, lists of personal interests, contact information, and other

personal information. Users can communicate with friends and other users through private or

public messages and a chat feature. They can also create and join interest groups and "like pages"

(called "fan pages" until April 19, 2010), some of which are maintained by organizations as a

means of advertising. Facebook has been prompted to add a "third gender", "other", or "intersex"

tab in the gender option which contains only male and female. Facebook refused and said that

individuals can "opt out of showing their sex on their profile". A 2012 Pew Internet and

American Life study identified that between 20–30% of Facebook users are "power users" who

frequently link, poke, post and tag themselves and others. The user page is set up in a minimal

fashion with blue as the main color. This was done because Zuckerberg is red-green colorblind.

On June 13, 2009, Facebook introduced a "Usernames" feature, whereby pages can be linked

with simpler URLs. Many new smartphones offer access to Facebook services through either

their Web browsers or applications. An official Facebook application is available for the

operating systems Android, iOS, and webOS. Nokia and Research in Motion both provide

Facebook applications for their own mobile devices. More than 425 million active users access

Facebook through mobile devices across 200 mobile operators in 60 countries.

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News feed

On September 6, 2006, a News feed was announced, which appears on every user's homepage

and highlights information including profile changes, upcoming events, and birthdays of the

user's friends. This enabled spammers and other users to manipulate these features by creating

illegitimate events or posting fake birthdays to attract attention to their profile or cause. Initially,

the News Feed caused dissatisfaction among Facebook users; some complained it was too

cluttered and full of undesired information, others were concerned that it made it too easy for

others to track individual activities (such as relationship status changes, events, and

conversations with other users).

In response, Zuckerberg issued an apology for the site's failure to include appropriate

customizable privacy features. Since then, users have been able to control what types of

information are shared automatically with friends. Users are now able to prevent user-set

categories of friends from seeing updates about certain types of activities, including profile

changes, Wall posts, and newly added friends.

On February 23, 2010, Facebook was granted a patent on certain aspects of its News Feed. The

patent covers News Feeds in which links are provided so that one user can participate in the

same activity of another user. The patent may encourage Facebook to pursue action against

websites that violate its patent, which may potentially include websites such as Twitter.

One of the most popular applications on Facebook is the Photos application, where users can

upload albums and photos. Facebook allows users to upload an unlimited number of photos,

compared with other image hosting services such as Photobucket and Flickr, which apply limits

to the number of photos that a user is allowed to upload. During the first years, Facebook users

were limited to 60 photos per album. As of May 2009, this limit has been increased to

200 photos per album.

Privacy settings can be set for individual albums, limiting the groups of users that can see an

album. For example, the privacy of an album can be set so that only the user's friends can see the

album, while the privacy of another album can be set so that all Facebook users can see it.

Another feature of the Photos application is the ability to "tag", or label, users in a photo. For

instance, if a photo contains a user's friend, then the user can tag the friend in the photo. This

sends a notification to the friend that they have been tagged, and provides them a link to see the

photo.

On June 7, 2012, Facebook launched its App Center to its users. It will help the users in finding

games and other applications with ease. Since the launch of the App Center, Facebook has seen

150M monthly users with 2.4 times the installation of apps.

The sorting and display of stories in a user's News Feed is governed by the algorithm EdgeRank.

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Facebook Notes

Facebook Notes was introduced on August 22, 2006, a blogging feature that allowed tags and

embeddable images. Users were later able to import blogs from Xanga, LiveJournal, Blogger,

and other blogging services. During the week of April 7, 2008, Facebook released a Comet-

based instant messaging application called "Chat" to several networks, which allows users to

communicate with friends and is similar in functionality to desktop-based instant messengers.

Facebook launched Gifts on February 8, 2007, which allows users to send virtual gifts to their

friends that appear on the recipient's profile. Gifts cost $1.00 each to purchase and a personalized

message can be attached to each gift. On May 14, 2007, Facebook launched Marketplace, which

lets users post free classified ads. Marketplace has been compared to Craigslist by CNET, which

points out that the major difference between the two is that listings posted by a user on

Marketplace are seen only by users in the same network as that user, whereas listings posted on

Craigslist can be seen by anyone.

On July 20, 2008, Facebook introduced "Facebook Beta", a significant redesign of its user

interface on selected networks. The Mini-Feed and Wall were consolidated, profiles were

separated into tabbed sections, and an effort was made to create a "cleaner" look. After initially

giving users a choice to switch, Facebook began migrating all users to the new version starting in

September 2008. On December 11, 2008, it was announced that Facebook was testing a simpler

signup process.

Messaging

A new Messaging platform, codenamed "Project Titan", was launched on November 15, 2010.

Described as a "Gmail killer" by some publications, the system allows users to directly

communicate with each other via Facebook using several different methods (including a

special email address, text messaging, or through the Facebook website or mobile app)—no

matter what method is used to deliver a message, they are contained within single threads in a

unified inbox. As with other Facebook features, users can adjust from whom they can receive

messages from—including just friends, friends of friends, or from anyone.

Aside from the Facebook website, Messages can also be accessed through the site's mobile apps,

or a dedicated Facebook Messenger app,

Voice calls

Since April 2011, Facebook users have had the ability to make live voice calls via Facebook

Chat, allowing users to chat with others from all over the world. This feature, which is provided

free through T-Mobile's new Bobsled service, lets the user add voice to the current Facebook

Chat as well as leave voice messages on Facebook.

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Video calling

On July 6, 2011, Facebook launched its video calling services using Skype as its technology

partner. It allows one-to-one calling using a Skype Rest API.

Following

On September 14, 2011, Facebook added the ability for users to provide a "Subscribe" button on

their page, which allows users to subscribe to public postings by the user without needing to add

them as a friend. In conjunction, Facebook also introduced a system in February 2012 to verify

the identity of certain accounts. Unlike a similar system used by Twitter, verified accounts do not

display a special verification badge, but are given a higher priority in a user's "Subscription

Suggestions".

In December 2012, Facebook announced that due to user confusion surrounding its function, the

Subscribe button would be re-labeled as a "Follow" button—making it more similar to other

social networks with similar functions.

Privacy

To allay concerns about privacy, Facebook enables users to choose their own privacy settings

and choose who can see specific parts of their profile. The website is free to users, and generates

revenue from advertising, such as banner ads. Facebook requires a user's name and profile

picture (if applicable) to be accessible by everyone. Users can control who sees other

information they have shared, as well as who can find them in searches, through their privacy

settings.

According to comScore, an internet marketing Research Company, Facebook collects as much

data from its visitors as Google and Microsoft, but considerably less than Yahoo. In 2010, the

security team began expanding its efforts to reduce the risks to users' privacy, but privacy

concerns remain. On November 6, 2007, Facebook launched Facebook Beacon, which was an

ultimately failed attempt to advertise to friends of users using the knowledge of what purchases

friends made. As of March 2012, Facebook's usage of its user data is under close scrutiny.

FTC settlement

On November 29, 2011, Facebook agreed to settle US Federal Trade Commission charges that it

deceived consumers by failing to keep privacy promises.

Technical aspects

Facebook is built in PHP which is compiled with Hip-hop for PHP, a source code transformer

built by Facebook engineers that turns PHP into C++. The deployment of Hip-hop reportedly

reduced average CPU consumption on Facebook servers by 50%.

Facebook is developed as one monolithic application. According to an interview in 2012 with

Chuck Rossi, a build engineer at Facebook, Facebook compiles into a 1.5 GB binary blob which

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is then distributed to the servers using a custom Bit Torrent-based release system. Rossi stated

that it takes approximately 15 minutes to build and 15 minutes to release to the servers. The build

and release process is zero downtime and new changes to Facebook are rolled out daily.

Facebook used a combination platform based on HBase to store data across distributed machines.

Using a tailing architecture, new events are stored in log files, and the logs are tailed. The system

rolls these events up and writes them into storage. The User Interface then pulls the data out and

displays it to users. Facebook handles requests as AJAX behavior. These requests are written to a

log file using Scribe (developed by Facebook).

Data is read from these log files using Ptail, an internally built tool to aggregate data from

multiple Scribe stores. It tails the log files and pulls data out (thus the name). Ptail data is

separated out into three streams so they can eventually be sent to their own clusters in

different data centers (Plugin impression, News feed impressions, Actions (plugin + news feed)).

Puma is used to manage periods of high data flow (Input/output or IO). Data is processed in

batches to lessen the amount of times needed to read and write under high demand periods (A

hot article will generate a lot of impressions and news feed impressions which will cause huge

data skews). Batches are taken every 1.5 seconds, limited by memory used when creating a hash

table.

After this, data is output in PHP format (compiled with Hip-hop for PHP). The backend is

written in Java and Thrift is used as the messaging format so PHP programs can query Java

services. Caching solutions are used to make the web pages display more quickly. The more and

longer data is cached the less real-time it is. The data is then sent to Map Reduce servers so it can

be queried via Hive. This also serves as a backup plan as the data can be recovered from Hive.

Raw logs are removed after a period of time.

Like button

The like button is a social networking feature, allowing users to express their appreciation of

content such as status updates, comments, photos, and advertisements. It is also asocial plug-in

of the Facebook Platform – launched on April 21, 2010 – that enables participating Internet

websites to display a similar like button.

Continuously liking any contents of one's friend will cause flooding of notifications on his/her

part and Facebook will display message to the liker stating that (s)he must slow down; (s)he must

wait for five minutes in order for him/her to continue liking.

Lawsuit

Patents relating to the "Like" button and other social features held by deceased Dutch

programmer Joannes Jozef Everardus van Der Meer are subject of a lawsuit brought against

Facebook by Rembrandt Social Media.

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2.2.1.2 Criticism of Facebook

Facebook has met with controversies. It has been blocked intermittently in several countries

including the People's Republic of China, Iran, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Syria (unblocked in Syria),

and Bangladesh on different bases. For example, it was banned in many countries of the world

on the basis of allowed content judged as anti-Islamic and containing religious discrimination. It

has also been banned at many workplaces to prevent employees from using it during work hours.

The privacy of Facebook users has also been an issue, and the safety of user accounts has been

compromised several times. Facebook has settled a lawsuit regarding claims over source code

and intellectual property. In May 2011 emails were sent to journalists and bloggers making

critical allegations about Google's privacy policies; however it was later discovered that the anti-

Google campaign, conducted by PR giant Burson-Marsteller, was paid for by Facebook in what

CNN referred to as "a new level skullduggery" and which Daily Beast called a "clumsy smear".

In July 2011, German authorities began to discuss the prohibition of events organized on

Facebook. The decision is based on several cases of overcrowding by people not originally

invited. In one instance, 1,600 "guests" attended the 16th birthday party for a Hamburg girl who

accidentally posted the invitation for the event as public. After reports of overcrowding, more

than a hundred police were deployed for crowd control. A policeman was injured and eleven

participants were arrested for assault, property damage and resistance to authorities. In another

unexpectedly overcrowded event, 41 young people were arrested and at least 16 injured. In 2007,

it was reported that 43% of British office workers were blocked from accessing Facebook at

work, due to concerns including reduced productivity and the potential for industrial espionage.

A 2011 study in the online journal First Monday, "Why Parents Help Their Children Lie to

Facebook About Age: Unintended Consequences of the Children's Online Privacy Protection

Act," examines how parents consistently enable children as young as 10 years old to sign up for

accounts, directly violating Facebook's policy banning young visitors. This policy technically

allows Facebook to avoid conflicts with a United States federal law, the 1998 Children's Online

Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), which requires minors aged 13 or younger to gain explicit

parental consent to access commercial websites. Of the more than 1,000 households surveyed for

the study, more than three-quarters (76%) of parents reported that their child joined Facebook

when she was younger than 13, the minimum age in the site's terms of service. The study notes

that, in response to widespread reports of underage users, a Facebook executive has said that

"Facebook removes 20,000 people a day, people who are underage." The study's authors also

note, "Indeed, Facebook takes various measures both to restrict access to children and delete

their accounts if they join." The findings of the study raise questions primarily about the

shortcomings of United States federal law, but also implicitly continue to raise questions about

whether or not Facebook does enough to publicize its terms of service with respect to minors.

Only 53% of parents said they were aware that Facebook has a minimum signup age; 35% of

these parents believe that the minimum age is a site recommendation (not a condition of site use),

or thought the signup age was 16 or 18, and not 13.

In November 2011, several Facebook users in Bangalore, India reported that their accounts had

been hacked and their profile pictures were replaced with pornographic images. For more than a

week, users' news feeds were spammed with pornographic, violent and sexual contents, and it

was reported that more than 200,000 accounts were affected. Facebook described the reports as

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inaccurate, and Bangalore police speculated that the stories may have been rumors spread by

Facebook's competitors. A 2013 study‘s in the journal of CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social

Networking, "Who Commits Virtual Identity Suicide? Differences in Privacy Concerns,

Internet Addiction, and Personality between Facebook Users and Quitters" points to the

fact that there are a rising number of Facebook users who are discontent with Facebook and

finally decide to quit Facebook. The number one reason for users to quit Facebook was privacy

concerns (48%), being followed by a general dissatisfaction with Facebook (14%), negative

aspects regarding Facebook friends (13%) and the feeling of getting addicted to Facebook (6%).

Facebook quitters were found to be more concerned about privacy, more addicted to the Internet

and more conscientious.

2.2.1.3 The Impact Made By Facebook

Media impact

In April 2011, Facebook launched a new portal for marketers and creative agencies to help them

develop brand promotions on Facebook. The company began its push by inviting a select group

of British advertising leaders to meet Facebook's top executives at an "influencers' summit" in

February 2010. Facebook has now been involved in campaigns for True Blood, American Idol,

and Top Gear. News and media outlets such as the Washington Post, Financial Times and ABC

News have used aggregated Facebook fan data to create various info graphics and charts to

accompany their articles. In 2012, the beauty pageant Miss Sri Lanka Online was run exclusively

using Facebook.

Social impact

Facebook has affected the social life and activity of people in various ways. With its availability

on many mobile devices, Facebook allows users to continuously stay in touch with friends,

relatives and other acquaintances wherever they are in the world, as long as there is access to the

Internet. It can also unite people with common interests and/or beliefs through groups and other

pages, and has been known to reunite lost family members and friends because of the widespread

reach of its network. One such reunion was between John Watson and the daughter he had been

seeking for 20 years. They met after Watson found her Facebook profile. Another father–

daughter reunion was between Tony Macnauton and Frances Simpson, who had not seen each

other for nearly 48 years.

Some argue that Facebook is beneficial to one's social life because they can continuously stay in

contact with their friends and relatives, while others say that it can cause increased antisocial

tendencies because people are not directly communicating with each other. Some studies have

named Facebook as a source of problems in relationships. Several news stories have suggested

that using Facebook can lead to higher instances of divorce and infidelity, but the claims have

been questioned by other commentators.

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Facebook envy

Recent studies have shown that Facebook causes negative effects on self-esteem by triggering

feelings of envy, with vacation and holiday photos proving to be the largest resentment triggers.

Other prevalent causes of envy include posts by friends about family happiness and images of

physical beauty—such envious feelings leave people lonely and dissatisfied with their own lives.

A joint study by two German universities discovered that one out of three people were more

dissatisfied with their lives after visiting Facebook, and another study by Utah Valley

University found that college students felt worse about their own lives following an increase in

the amount of time spent on Facebook.

Political impact

Facebook's role in the American political process was demonstrated in January 2008, shortly

before the New Hampshire primary, when Facebook teamed up with ABC and Saint Anselm

College to allow users to give live feedback about the "back to back" January 5 Republican and

Democratic debates. Charles Gibson moderated both debates, held at the Dana Center for the

Humanities at Saint Anselm College. Facebook users took part in debate groups organized

around specific topics, register to vote, and message questions.

ABCNews.com reported in 2012 that the Facebook fanbases of political candidates have

relevance for the election campaign, including:

Allows politicians and campaign organizers to understand the interests and demographics of

their Facebook fanbases, as with Wisdom for Facebook, to better target their voters.

Provides a means for voters to keep up-to-date on candidates' activities, such as connecting

to the candidates' Facebook Fan Pages.

Over a million people installed the Facebook application "US Politics on Facebook" in order to

take part, and the application measured users' responses to specific comments made by the

debating candidates. This debate showed the broader community what many young students had

already experienced: Facebook as a popular and powerful new way to interact and voice

opinions. An article by Michelle Sullivan of Uwire.com illustrates how the "Facebook effect"

has affected youth voting rates, support by youth of political candidates, and general

involvement by the youth population in the 2008 election.

In February 2008, a Facebook group called "One Million Voices against FARC" organized an

event in which hundreds of thousands of Colombians marched in protest against the

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, better known as the FARC (from the group's Spanish

name). In August 2010, one of North Korea's official government websites and the official news

agency of the country, Uriminzokkiri, joined Facebook.

In January 2011, Facebook played a major role in generating the first spark for the 2011

Egyptian revolution. On January 14, the Facebook page of "We are all khaled Said" was started

by Wael Ghoniem Create Event to invite the Egyptian people to "peaceful demonstrations" on

January 25. As in Tunisia, Facebook become the primary tool for connecting all protesters,

which lead the Egyptian government of Prime Minister Nazif to ban Facebook, Twitter and

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another websites on January 26 then ban all mobile and Internet connections for all of Egypt at

midnight January 28. After 18 days, the uprising forced President Mubarak to resign.

In 2011 there was a controversial ruling by French government to uphold a 1992 decree which

stipulates that commercial enterprises should not be promoted on news programs. President

Nicolas Sarkozy's colleagues have agreed that it will enforce a law so that the word "Facebook"

will not be allowed to be spoken on the television or on the radio.

In 2011, Facebook filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission to form a political

action committee under the name FB PAC. In an email to The Hill, a spokesman for Facebook

said "FB PAC will give our employees a way to make their voice heard in the political process

by supporting candidates who share our goals of promoting the value of innovation to our

economy while giving people the power to share and make the world more open and connected."

Front Page of Facebook

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2.2.2 What is Deviant Art?

DeviantArt (stylized as deviantART; abbreviated as dA) is an online community showcasing

various forms of user-made artwork. It was first launched on August 7, 2000 by Scott Jarkoff,

Matthew Stephens, Angelo Sotira and others. DeviantArt, Inc. is headquartered in the Hollywood

area of Los Angeles, California, United States.

DeviantArt aims to provide a platform for any artist to exhibit and discuss works. Works are

organized in a comprehensive category structure, including photography, digital art, traditional

art, literature, Flash, filmmaking, skins for applications, operating system customization utilities

and others, along with extensive downloadable resources such as tutorials and stock photography.

Additional utilities include journals, polls, groups and portfolios.

"Fella," a small robotic cat character, is the official deviantArt mascot.

As of March 2013, the site consists of over 25 million members, and over 246 million

submissions, and receives around 140,000 submissions per day. In addition, deviantArt users

submit over 1.4 million "favorites" and 1.5 million comments daily. The domain deviantart.com

attracted at least 36 million visitors annually by 2008 according to a Compete.com study. As of

July 2011, it is the 13th largest social network with 3.8 million weekly visits.

2.2.2.1 What Does Deviant Art Offer?

The site has over 253 million images which have been uploaded by its over 26 million members.

As of July 2011, deviantArt was the largest internet art platform. Members of deviantArt may

leave comments and critiques on individual deviation pages, allowing the site to be called ―a

[free] peer evaluation application‖. Along with textual critique, deviantArt now offers the option

to leave a small picture as a comment. This can be achieved using an option of deviantArt Muro,

which is a browser-based drawing tool that deviantArt has developed and hosts. It is simple, with

eight free brushes available for anyone‘s use, although only members of deviantArt can save

their work as deviations. Another feature of Muro is what is called ―Redraw‖; it records the user

as they draw their image, and then the user can post the entire process as a film deviation.

Individual deviations are displayed on their own pages, with a list of statistical information about

the image, as well as place for uploader and member comments , and ‗sharing‘ through other

social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.). These deviations are required to be organized into

categories when a member uploads an image, and this facilitates the deviant Art‘s search engine

in finding images concerning similar topics.

Individual members can also organize their own deviations into folders, allowing further

organization on their personal pages. These personal member pages, or profiles, show a

member‘s personally uploaded deviations and journal postings. Journals are like a personal blog

accompanying a member‘s profile page, and topic coverage is up to the member; some use it to

talk of their personal or art-related lives, others use it to spread awareness or marshal support for

a cause. Also displayed are a member‘s ―favourites‖, or collection of other users‘ images from

deviantArt, which the member can save to a folder of its own. Another thing to be found on the

profile page is a member‘s ―watchers‖; a member may add another member to their ―watch list‖

in order to be notified when that member uploads something. The watcher notifications are

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gathered with other notices in a member‘s Message Center, other notices being when other users

comment on that member‘s deviations, or when the member receives favorites.

In order to communicate on a more private level, ―Notes‖ can be sent between individual

members, similar to an email within the site. Other opportunities for communication among

members are deviant Art‘s forums and chatrooms; chatrooms being for group instant messaging,

and forums being for more structured, long-term discussions.

Special Event

DeviantArt Summit

On June 17 and June 18, 2005, deviantArt held their first convention, the deviantArt Summit, at

the Palladium in the Hollywood area of Los Angeles, California, United States.

The summit consisted of several exhibitions by numerous artists, including artscene groups old

and new at about 200 different booths. Giant projection screens displayed artwork as it was being

submitted live to deviantArt, which receives 50,000 new images daily.

Leaders of deviantArt had hoped to hold a new summit each year; however, no plans were ever

made for a 2006 Summit.

DeviantArt World Tour

Starting May 13, 2009, deviantArt embarked on a world tour, visiting cities around the world,

including Sydney, Singapore, Warsaw, Istanbul, Berlin, Paris, London, New York

City, Toronto and Los Angeles. During the world tour, the new "Portfolio" feature of deviantArt

was previewed to attendees.

2.2.2.2 Criticism of Deviant Art

Copyright and licensing issues

There is no automatic review for potential copyright and Creative Common licensing violations

when a work is submitted to deviantArt, so such violations can remain unnoticed until reported

to administrators by site users. A mechanism for notifying administrators of potential copyright

and licensing violations is available. Some members of the community have also been the

victims of copyright infringement from vendors using artwork illegally on products and prints.

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Front Page of Deviant Art

2.2.3 What is WAYN?

WAYN (an acronym for Where Are You Now?) is a social travel network. Its goal is to help

people discover where to go and what to do, meet like-minded people and share aspirations and

experiences. WAYN is in the top 1500 in Alexa Internet traffic ranking and was founded in 2005

after two of its founders came up with the idea to connect people based on their location while

having a few beers in their local pub. It grew from 45,000 to 4.1 million members in one year (to

April 2006) and now has nearly 19 million members. Like some other social networking sites,

WAYN enables its users to create a profile and upload photos. Users can search for other users

and link them to their profiles as friends. Registered users send and receive messages using email,

discussion forums, eCards, SMS, and WAYN instant messages.

2.2.3.1 History of WAYN

WAYN was founded in 2002 in London by Jérome Touze (Co-CEO), Peter Ward (Co-CEO) and

Mike Lines (CTO). WAYN initially grew through word-of-mouth and reached almost 50,000

members by the end of 2004. Following its relaunch in May 2005 it grew exponentially, reaching

over 2.5 million members by the end of 2005. On 26 March 2012 the site claimed "over 19.1m

members".

2.2.3.2 Criticism of WAYN

The site has been criticized for sending invitation emails to the contact lists of newly registered

members. There have been quite a few members who have vented their anger through online

discussion boards. The many recipients of the emails have been irate too.

34

Front Page of WAYN

2.2.4 Conclusion

Different social networking sites have different function and different user group. Facebook is

focus on the people each wanted to know others, Deviant Art is focus on share experience and

their artwork and WAYN is concentrate on sharing experience and giving comment on the place

the user have visited. Each of them is having different user group. The different of them is only

on these website faced group, their function and how they running their daily activity.

2.3 Conclusion

On this chapter, the researcher has describe the introduction of literature review, what is social

networking sites, the types of social networking sites, social networking site‘s value, what

offered by social networking sites, 3 types of social networking sites and their conclusion.

This chapter has briefly explained what is social networking sites and the type, value, what does

it offer, comparison of three types of social networking sites. After complete this chapter, the

next chapter, research methodology may start to proceed.

35

CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 INTRODUCTION

Methodology is referred to the usage of special tools and strategies for data gathering and

analysis. This includes questionnaire development, observations, and interviews; data analysis

covers statistical analysis, semiotic analysis, discourse analysis, and content analysis. The

methodology of this research is adopted from the work place of using questionnaire survey

method and analyzing the results using descriptive statistics.

Questionnaires have long been used to evaluate user interfaces for a handful of questionnaires

specifically designed to assess aspects of usability, the validity or reliability have been

established. Data from sample surveys were analyzed.

3.1 QUESTIONNAIRE OBJECTIVES

• Questionnaire enables understanding the integrated processes of designing and conducting

quantities survey research projects.

• To give experience of grappling with problems in the design of survey samples, the

construction of data collection instruments and the management of survey projects.

• To aware of main sources of error in the survey process and ways of detecting, controlling and

minimizing such error. Anonymous questionnaires were randomly administered to a total of 50

users who are using social networking sites. There was survey of student selected from the

student of Kolej Asa in Rawang. The questionnaire set was sent out via face-to-face session on

July 2013.

After randomly selecting student those are user of Social Networking Sites, the questionnaires

were distributed personally by visiting student premises. All students were briefed about the

purpose of the survey and obtain their consent verbally for taking part in this survey. The results

were analyzed statistically. The response was very encouraging as the customers too want to

know about how many our students is using social networking sites in their common life. All

responses were usable as most items were adequately responded.

36

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

Questionnaires will be categorized upon general question, business, or personal users regardless

of age. Questionnaires from reliable source will be distributed to all students for evaluation. Each

category will have a 6-10 questions. There will be 50 students in the research section.

There are only one set questionnaires. The five factors of the question are:

I. Usefulness – To evaluate the effectiveness.

II. Ease of use – To evaluate if customers find it easy to use.

III. Satisfaction – To evaluate if the customers are satisfied with the services provided.

IV. Customer‘s awareness – To evaluate if the customers are aware of the Social Networking

Sites.

V. Ease of learning- To evaluate if customers can learn the use of the Social Networking

Sites easily.

The content of the questionnaire was based on the framework of the appropriate literature in the

field of effectiveness of the social networking sites. This was followed by a discussion to

analyses meaningful learner results. Respondents were asked to indicate their level of agreement

of scale with ―5‖ indicating, ―strongly agree‖, ―4‖ indicating, ―agree‖, ―3‖ indicating, ―disagree‘

―2‖ indicating, ―Strongly disagree‖ and ―1‖ indicating, ―cannot answer (CA)‖.

They believe that in building a social networking sites, five factors were identified for the

effectiveness. This five factors are the awareness of the social networking sites, the usability of

the social networking sites, is that the social networking sites is easy to use, the function provide

to user and the which faced group is the main group user of the social networking sites. While

the questionnaire has been used successfully by many companies around the world, and as part

of several dissertation projects, the development of the questionnaire is still not over. The norms

researcher has developed over the years have been useful in determining when researcher has

achieved sufficient usability to enable success in the market.

37

3.3 SAMPLING DESIGN

When conducting research, it is almost always impossible to study the entire population that you

are interested in. For example, if you were studying political views among college students in the

United States, it would be nearly impossible to survey every single college student across the

country. If you were to survey the entire population, it would be extremely timely and costly. As

a result, researchers use samples as a way to gather data.

A sample is a subset of the population being studied. It represents the larger population and is

used to draw inferences about that population. It is a research technique widely used in the social

sciences as a way to gather information about a population without having to measure the entire

population.

There are several different types and ways of choosing a sample from a population, from simple

to complex. The sampling design have been used in this project is non-probability sampling

technique and stratified sampling.

Non-probability Sampling Techniques

Non-probability sampling is a sampling technique where the samples are gathered in a process

that does not give all the individuals in the population equal chances of being selected.

Stratified Sample

A stratified sample is a sampling technique in which the researcher divided the entire target

population into different subgroups, or strata, and then randomly selects the final subjects

proportionally from the different strata. This type of sampling is used when the researcher wants

to highlight specific subgroups within the population. For example, to obtain a stratified sample

of university students, the researcher would first organize the population by college class and

then select appropriate numbers of freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors. This ensures that

the researcher has adequate amounts of subjects from each class in the final sample.

38

3.4 PROCESS OF DATA COLLECTION

Data collection usually takes place early on in an improvement project, and is often formalized

through a data collection plan which often contains the following activity.

I. Pre-collection activity - agree on goals, target data, definitions, methods

II. Collection - data collections

III. Present Findings - usually involves some form of sorting analysis and/or

presentation.

Prior to any data collection, pre-collection activity is one of the most crucial steps in the process.

It is often discovered too late that the value of their interview information is discounted as a

consequence of poor sampling of both questions and informants and poor elicitation techniques.

After pre-collection activity is fully completed, data collection in the field, whether by

interviewing or other methods, can be carried out in a structured, systematic and scientific way.

A formal data collection process is necessary as it ensures that data gathered are both defined and

accurate and that subsequent decisions based on arguments embodied in the findings are valid.

The process provides both a baseline from which to measure and in certain cases a target on what

to improve.

Other main types of collection include census, sample survey, and administrative by-product and

each with their respective advantages and disadvantages. A census refers to data collection about

everyone or everything in a group or statistical population and has advantages such as accuracy

and detail, and disadvantages such as cost and time. A sampling is a data collection method that

includes only part of the total population and has advantages such as cost and time, and

disadvantages such as accuracy and detail. Administrative by-product data are collected as a by-

product of an organization's day-to-day operations and has advantages such as accuracy, time

and simplicity, and disadvantages such as no flexibility and lack of control.

3.5 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

Instruments are used to gauge some quality or ability of your subjects. The purpose of the

instrument is to elicit the data for your study. In language research, an instrument can be a test, a

checklist, a set of categories, etc. The type of instrument and data collection procedure that you

use will depend heavily on your choices in the four parameters discussed earlier.

The research instrument researcher have been used in the project is in-person questionnaire.

39

3.6 Data Analysis

Analysis of data is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the

goal of highlighting useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision making.

Data analysis has multiple facts and approaches, encompassing diverse techniques under a

variety of names, in different business, science, and social science domains. Data analysis is

a process, within which several phases can be distinguished:

I. Data Cleaning

II. Initial Data Analysis

III. Main Data Analysis

In the process of data analysis, the tools researcher used is Microsoft Excel.

3.7 Conclusion

On this chapter, the introduction of research methodology, questionnaire objective, research

design, sampling design, process of data collection, research instruments and types of analysis.

The technique used in this chapter is non-probability sampling technique and stratified sampling

technique. The method used in this chapter to calculate the data analysis is Microsoft Excel. The

research instruments used in the research is in-person questionnaire. There are three step of

process of data collection, they are pre-collection activity, collection and present findings.

After complete this chapter, the researcher may continue conduct and process the next chapter

and started to collect data for the data analysis process due to the research methodology have

completed.

40

CHAPTER 4

DATA ANALYSIS

4.1 INTRODUCTION

Data analysis is a body of methods that help to describe facts, detect patterns, develop

explanations, and test hypotheses. It is used in all of the sciences. It is used in business, in

administration, and in policy. The numerical results provided by a data analysis are usually

simple: It finds the number that describes a typical value and it finds differences among numbers.

Data analysis finds averages, like the average income or the average temperature, and it find

differences like the difference in income from group to group or the differences in average

temperature from year to year. Fundamentally, the numerical answers provided by data analysis

are that simple.

4.2 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS

All result obtained have been listed down according to result obtained from questionnaire have

been given out regarding the gender, age group, race, level of education and marital status of

student in Kolej Asa based on the survey of convenience and benefit of social networking sites in

2013 year.

4.2.1 GENDER

Figure 4.1 Result of Respondent: Gender

10

40

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Male Female

Gender

41

4.2.2 RACE

Figure 4.2 Result of Respondent: Race

4.2.3 AGE GROUP

Figure 4.3 Result of Respondent: Age Group

1

25

20

4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Malay Indian Chinese Others

Race

33

14

2 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

17-20 21-23 24-27 28 and more

Age Group

42

4.2.4 LEVEL OF EDUCATION

Figure 4.4 Result of Respondent: Level of Education

4.2.5 MARITAL STATUS

Figure 4.5 Result of Respondent: Marital Status

12

24

4 3

7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

DIM DIA COBM LCCI Others

Level Of Education

49

1 0 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Single Married Separated

Marital Status

43

4.3 RESPONDENT’S MCQ SECTION’S RESULT

1)

Figure 4.6 Result of Respondent: MCQ Q1

2)

Figure 4.7 Result of Respondent: MCQ Q2

9

17

24

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

No

Yes, But Only The Name

Yes, Cleary Understand

How frequency did you use Social Networking Sites?

20

11

7

12

0 5 10 15 20 25

Within Social

Within Schoolmates

Within Skills

All

What Type of Social Networking Sites respondents are using?

44

3)

Figure 4.8 Result of Respondent: MCQ Q3

4)

Figure 4.9 Result of Respondent: MCQ Q4

19

7

9

15

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

1

2

3

4 or More

How many Social Networking Sites respondents are using?

25

7

1

17

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Everyday

Once a Week

Once a Month

Free Time

How frequency did you use Social Networking Sites?

45

5)

Figure 4.10 Result of Respondent: MCQ Q5

15

5

6

10

4

6

4

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Friend Introduced

Meets New Friend

Enlarge Social Network

Learning New Skills

Chatting with others you don't know

Doesn't know

Others

What is the reason respondents using Social Networking Sites?

46

4.4 RESPONDENT’S SECTION C’S RESULT

No Question 1 2 3 4 5

1 Is that the Social Networking Sites is convenience to use? 2 4 7 24 13

2 Is that any benefit when using Social Networking Sites? 2 4 11 24 9

3 Is that Social Networking Sites is secured? Is it Safety? 1 9 17 16 7

4 Is that Social Networking Sites is useful? 1 5 8 21 15

5 Is that Social Networking Sites is easy to use? 1 4 9 24 12

6 Do you have any problem while using Social Networking Sites? 4 9 14 18 5

7 Do you enlarge you social network while using Social Networking Sites?

6 4 13 17 10

8 Do you meet new friend while you are using Social Networking Sites? 5 6 9 20 10

9 Do you learn new skills while using Social Networking Sites? 1 2 15 20 12

10 Is that the Social Networking Sites and its function meets your needs?

1 7 13 17 12

Table 5.1 Table of Result in Section C of the Questionnaire

47

4.5 ANALYSIS OF RESULT

4.5.1 SECTION A

In this project, the researcher has done a survey on the convenience and benefit of social

networking sites in Kolej Asa students in Rawang. Based on the result, the researcher found

general status of student in Kolej Asa is on following (Based on respondent of the questionnaire):

I. The major student‘s gender in Kolej Asa is female. (80%)

II. The major student‘s race in Kolej Asa is Indian. (50%)

III. The major student‘s age group in Kolej Asa is 17-20. (66%)

IV. The major student‘s level of education is diploma in accountancy, (DIA). (48%)

V. The major student‘s marital status in Kolej Asa is single. (98%)

4.5.2 SECTION B

From the Section B, multiply choice question section, researcher found that:

From the first question in questionnaire, researcher found that there are 24 student clearly know

that what is social networking sites and what it‘s about, 17 student only know about the name of

social networking sites and doesn‘t what it‘s about and 9 student doesn‘t know what is social

networking sites.

Based on the result, the researcher found that:

I. Most of the student (48%) before started to use something new, they will see the

manual or search the item information from internet, book or others person. They

will try to figure the item before they started to use the item, these students will

warn on something new and have a heart of vigilance.

II. Some student (34%) will only see a very little information about the item and

started to use it, these students have only a little warn on something new.

III. Very less amount of student (18%) will not see any manual or search for

information from anywhere about the item, they will use it immediately when

they bought or saw the item, these students doesn‘t have any warn on something

new and they doesn‘t have a vigilance heart.

48

From the second question in questionnaire, the researcher found that there are 20 students use

social networking sites among social, 11 students using social networking sites among classmate,

7 students using social networking site among skills and 12 students is using social networking

sites on previous selection.

Based on the result, researcher found that:

I. Most of the student (40%) using social networking sites are to meets new friend,

chatting with others, and others reason.

II. Some student (22%) using social networking sites are to chatting with their friend,

sharing information and news within friend, and further more.

III. Very less amount of student (14%) is using social networking sites to learning

new skills from social networking sites, the skills might be drawing, engineering,

computer repair, software development and others.

IV. Some student (24%) is using social networking sites is to meets new friend,

chatting with other or friend, sharing information and news with others, learning

new skills from social networking site and others.

From the third question in questionnaire, the researcher found that there are 19 student using 1

social networking sites, 7 student is using 2 social networking sites, 9 students is using 3 social

networking sites and 15 student is using 4 and more social networking sites.

Based on the result, researcher found that:

I. Most of the student (38%) is using 1 social networking site in their common life;

they have at least two or more social network in their common life.

II. Very less amount of student (14%) is using 2 social networking sites in their

common life; they have at least three or more social network in their common life.

III. Quite fewer students (18%) are using 3 social networking sites in their common

life; they have at least four or more social network in their common life.

IV. Quite a lot student (30%) is using 4 and more social networking sites in their

common life; they have at least 5 or more social network in their common life.

*Social network is a network that connects one people with others people, with the social

network, one human can meets the others human by another human. Example, Carly had a friend

called Mary; Mary introduced a new friend to Carly, she called Elizabeth. Different people will

have different social network. A businessman will have a business social network. A human like

to go to travel will have a travel social network.

49

From the fourth question in questionnaire, the researcher found that there are 25 student using

social networking sites daily, 7 student using social networking sites weekly, 1 student using

social networking sites monthly and 17 student using social networking sites when have free

time.

Based on the result, researcher found that:

I. Most of the student (50%) is using social networking sites once a day.

II. Quite fewer students (14%) are using social networking sites once a week.

III. Very less amount of student (2%) is using social networking sites once a month.

IV. Quite a lot student (34%) is using social networking sites when they have free

time.

From the fifth question in questionnaire, the researcher found that there are 15 student started to

use social networking sites is because friend introduced, 5 student want to meets new friend, 6

student want to enlarge their social network, 10 student want to learn new skills, 4 student want

to chat with others, 6 student doesn‘t know the reason and 4 student have others reason.

Based on the result, researcher found that:

I. Most of the student (30%) used social networking sites due to friend introduced.

II. Quite fewer students (10%) used social networking sites due to want to meets new

friend.

III. Some student (12%) used social networking sites due to want to enlarge social

network.

IV. Quite a lot student (20%) used social networking sites due to want to learn new

skills.

V. Very less amount of student (8%) used social networking sites due to want to chat

with others.

VI. Some student (12%) doesn‘t know why they used social networking sites.

VII. Very less amount of student (8%) used social networking sites due to others

reason.

50

4.5.3 SECTION C

From the Section C, researcher found that:

i. In question one, ―Is that social networking site is convenience to use?‖ most of the

student (48%) agree with it, quite a lot student (26%) strongly agree it, some student

(14%) disagree with it, quite fewer students (8%) strongly disagree and very less amount

of student (4%) cannot answer the question.

ii. In question two, ―Is that any benefit when using social networking site?‖ most of the

student (48%) agree with it, quite a lot student (22%) disagree with it, some student (18%)

strongly agree with it, quite fewer students (8%) strongly disagree with it and very less

amount of student (4%) cannot answer the question.

iii. In question three, ―Is that social networking sites is secured? Is it safety?‖ most of the

student (34%) disagree with it, quite a lot student (32%) agree with it, some student (18%)

strongly disagree with it, quite fewer students (14%) strongly agree with it and very less

amount of student (2%) cannot answer the question.

iv. In question four, ―Is that social networking site is useful?‖ most of the student (42%)

agree with it, quite a lot student (30%) strongly agree with it, some student (16%)

disagree with it, quite fewer students (10%) strongly disagree with it and very less

amount of student (2%) cannot answer the question.

v. In question five, ―In that social networking site is easy to use?‖ most of the student (48%)

agree with it, quite a lot student (24%) strongly agree with it, some student (18%)

disagree with it, quite fewer students (8%) strongly disagree with it and very less amount

of student (2%) cannot answer the question.

vi. In question six, ―Do you have any problem while using social networking site?‖ most of

the student (36%) agree with it, quite a lot student (28%) disagree with it, some student

(18%) strongly disagree with it, quite fewer students (10%) strongly agree with it and

very less amount of student (8%) cannot answer the question.

vii. In question seven, ―Do you enlarge your social network while using social networking

site?‖ most of the student (34%) agree with it, quite a lot student (26%) disagree with it,

some student (20%) strongly agree with it, quite fewer students (12%) cannot answer the

question and very less amount of student (8%) strongly disagree with it.

51

viii. In question eight, ―Do you meets new friend while you are using social networking site?‖

most of the student (40%) agree with it, quite a lot student (20%) strongly agree with it,

some student (18%) disagree with it, quite fewer students (12%) strongly disagree with it

and very less amount of student (10%) cannot answer the question.

ix. In question nine, ―Do you learn new skills while using social networking site?‖ most of

the student (40%) agree with it, quite a lot student (30%) disagree with it, some student

(24%) strongly agree with it, quite fewer students (4%) strongly disagree with it and very

less amount of student (2%) cannot answer the question.

x. In question ten, ―Is that social networking site and its function meets your needs?‖ most

of the student (34%) agree with it, quite a lot student (26%) disagree with it, some student

(24%) strongly agree with it, quite fewer students (14%) strongly disagree with it and

very less amount of student (2%) cannot answer the question.

4.6 CONCLUSION

On this chapter, the researcher has listed down the introduction of the chapter, the demographic

profile of the respondents, respondents MCQ section‘s result, respondents section c‘s result and

the analysis of result.

After completing this chapter, the project can be continued conducted and proceed to the

conclusion and recommendation section due to the data analysis of the project is already

identified and described.

52

CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the researcher is going to explain about the conclusion of the research progress,

the recommendation of the research and the conclusion of this project.

5.2 CONCLUSION OF RESEARCH

In the progress of the research, the researcher has made following conclusion:

There will be quiet difficult to give and collect the questionnaire while the student is preparing

for their examination.

The calculation of the result of the questionnaire very easily to count wrong, the researcher have

to recalculate many time to ensure the result is correct.

Due to the language problem of the researcher, some sentence and word use by the researcher

might be wrong or not suitable.

53

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS

The recommendation that the researcher can give to the people whom is going to use this project

on their research.

i. The builder of social networking sites can use this as a guide for them to build social

networking sites.

ii. Family can use this project as a guide to limit the time of their children use the social

networking sites and teach them to use the social networking on the right way.

iii. Organization may use this project as a guide to lead them to earn profit through social

networking sites, enlarge their business area and advertise their business through internet.

iv. College, school and university can use this project as a guide to give information and a

way to teach student through social networking sites.

v. Students can use this project as a guide to use social networking sites as a way to learning,

study and getting information that they need from internet.

vi. Business person or business people can use this project as a guide to let them to learn

how to trade in a social networking sites and how to advertise their business through

internet.

vii. Skill learner or people wanted to learn skills can use this project as a guide to suffer

around internet to find social networking sites for them to learn new skills.

viii. User of social networking sites may use this project as a guide to learn how to correctly

to use social networking sites.

ix. Government can use this project as a guide to get knows what the social or user of social

networking sites wants and try to fulfill their needs.

x. Profit finder/ earner can use this project as a guide for them to find profit through social

networking sites.

54

5.4 CONCLUSION

The researcher has made some conclusion on the result of questionnaire in this project of the

survey of the convenience and benefit of social networking sites among Kolej Asa students in

Rawang.

From the section one, the researcher found that the major student‘s gender (80%) in Kolej Asa is

female; the major student‘s race (50%) in Kolej Asa is Indian; the major student‘s age group

(66%) in Kolej Asa is 17-20; the major student‘s level of education (48%) is diploma in

accountancy; and the major student‘s marital status (98%) in Kolej Asa is single.

In the section two, the researcher found that most of the student (48%) before started to use

something new, they will see the manual or search the item information from internet, book or

others person. They will try to figure the item before they started to use the item; they will warn

on something new and have a heart of vigilance. Most of the student (40%) using social

networking sites are within social; their objective is to meets new friend, chatting with others,

and others reason. Most of the student (38%) is using 1 social networking site in their common

life; they will have at least two or more social network in their common life. Most of the student

(50%) is using social networking sites once a day and the reason the most of the student (30%)

used social networking sites is because of their friend introduced them to use it.

From the section three, the researcher found that:

i. Most students (74%) agree and strongly agree that social networking site is convenience

to use and some student (26%) disagree, strongly disagree and cannot answer the

question.

ii. Most students (66%) agree and strongly agree that there are benefits when using social

networking site and some student (34%) disagree, strongly disagree and cannot answer

the question.

iii. Most of the students (52%) disagree that social networking sites is secured and they don‘t

think that it is safety and some student (48%) agree, strongly agree and cannot answer the

question.

iv. Most of the students (72%) agree and strongly agree that social networking site is useful

and some student (28%) disagree, strongly disagree and cannot answer the question.

55

v. Most of the students (72%) agree and strongly agree that that social networking site is

easy to use and some student (28%) disagree, strongly disagree and cannot answer the

question.

vi. Most of the students (46%) agree and strongly agree that they have problem while using

social networking site and some student (46%) disagree, strongly disagree and a very

little amount of student (8%) cannot answer the question.

vii. Most of the students (54%) agree and strongly agree that they enlarge their social

network while using social networking site and some student (46%) disagree, strongly

disagree and cannot answer the question.

viii. Most of the students (60%) agree and strongly agree that they meets new friend while

they are using social networking site and some student (40%) disagree, strongly disagree

and cannot answer the question.

ix. Most of the students (64%) agree and strongly agree that they learn new skills while

using social networking site and some student (36%) disagree, strongly disagree and

cannot answer the question.

x. Most of the students (58%) agree and strongly agree that social networking site and its

function meets their needs and some student (42%) disagree, strongly disagree and

cannot answer the question.

From the result that researcher has collect and analysis, researcher made a conclusion that the

social networking sites is convenience to use by students in Kolej Asa, and there are some

benefit of social networking sites provide to students in Kolej Asa; it can easily to connect to

others, sharing information with others, collect and search information from social networking

sites and others. And there is some disadvantage of social networking sites; it is unsecure and

maybe some problems like unstable network and others.

56

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