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WHY SHOULD THE PHILIPPINES BE INTO FEDERALISM FROM THE PRESENT

UNITARY SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT? (PRESENTS THE BASIC STRUCTURE OF

FEDERAL SYSTEM)

The term federalism is derived from the Latin root, foedus which means formal agreement or covenant.

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FEDERALISM Defined-A system of government in which powers are divided and shared by a central (federal) government and its regional(State) governments.

Before we proceed how this system works, let’s be familiar first with the present system of government that is operating now. It is called Unitary System of Government.

All Powers and Authority of the state are vested in the highly centralized government with the following aspects:

- It has a constitution that outlines the duties, powers and people of the central government. LGU has its uniform laws called Local Government Code.

What is UNITARY SYSTEM?

- It has a constitution that outlines the duties, powers and people of the central government.

- Central government can give power to create lower levels of government like cities, municipalities, provinces and regions. This power can be changed or taken back at any time.

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- Of the 100% revenues/annual income of the LGU,70% is to be remitted to the central and 30% is to be retained by the LGU.

- 30% for annual disposal of the LGU

- 70% for the central government.

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THE FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT

Federalism Defined- it is a system of government in which powers are divided and shared by the central (Federal) government and its regional (State) governments.

GOVERNMENTFederal State

Executive Executive

Legislative Legislative

Judiciary Judiciary

President or Prime Minister Governor or Premier

Congress or ParliamentUnicameral or Bicameral

Congress or ParliamentUnicameral or Bicameral

Supreme Court and Lower Federal Courts

State Supreme Court and Lower State Courts

Federal Constitution

State Constitution

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PROS AND CONS OF UNITARY AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS

Unitary systemPro:

- promotes national unity

Con:- Public policies may not fit the needs of the entire country or population.

Federal systemPro:

- good for large, culturally diverse countries

Con:- conflict between federal and state government, conflicting or competing laws

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Letter State Capital

M

Federal Administrative

Region of Metro

Manila

Manila

A Northern Luzon Tuguegarao

B Central Luzon Tarlac City

C Southern Tagalog Tagaytay

D Mimaropa Mamburao

E Bicol Legazpi

F Eastern Visayas Catbalogan

G Central Visayas Cebu City

H Western Visayas Iloilo City

I Northern Mindanao Cagayan de Oro

J Southern Mindanao Davao City

K Bangsamoro Marawi

PROPOSED DESIGNATIONS, CAPITALS, AND GEOGRAPHICAL EXTENTS

Federal Authority

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Monetary

Declare War Environmental Protection

State/Domestic Authority

Autonomy guaranteed by state constitutionfederalism

Laws, Social Order & Justice

Education Curriculum

Foreign Trade

Tourism Promotion of Culture

Environmental Protection

The Federal And State Governments Are Coordinating On The Following

Aspects:

Debts

POWER SHARING AND COORDINATION

Wealth Sharing (30Fed /70 State )

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Enact and Enforce Law and OrderTax Collection

Qualifications of Teachers School Curriculum

School Calendar Days

- 30% federal - 70% state

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THREE PROMISES OF FEDERALISM

By Jan Erk

1. Better Democracy - best suited for Philippine Federalism by giving the constituents voice and be heard by the state government and empowering the local communities where ordinary people, local political parties and other democratic personalities to give reactions and participate in the decision- making,give honor and bring to justice to the state government officials who failed to execute laws, order, social services, and justice. This is what we call Democratic Accountabilities

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THREE PROMISES OF FEDERALISM

By Jan Erk

2. Good Governance - This composes eight extra-ordinary characteristics:

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i. participatoryii. consensus orientediii. accountabilityiv. transparencyv. responsive – positive actionvi. effective and efficientvii. equitableviii. inclusive

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THREE PROMISES OF FEDERALISM

By Jan Erk

3. Governance for cultural diversity - This gives autonomy to the diverse Filipino cultures based on dialect, religious belief to manage their own economic and political affairs in the government to become more effective.

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THE PROMISES OF PHILIPPINE FEDERALISM

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THE MOST IMPORTANT KEY TO FEDERALISM

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