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Immersive learning scenarios have strong educational potential for life long learning as they can support the acquisition of higher order skills and competence development in an effective, efficient and attractive way. However, existing (multi-user) virtual environments, game development platforms & engines, and social web software applications only partly address the proliferation of immersive learning scenarios. They are often inadequately tuned towards learning, whereas the educational glue between all of them is also lacking. It is a big challenge to define and assemble a flexible architecture to cater for fast and easy development of immersive learning scenarios within Higher Education in the current area of economic breakdown. The Learning Media Programme of the Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies at the Open University of the Netherlands is currently exploring architectures for fast and easy development of immersive learning scenario’s.
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Architectures for Immersive Learning page 1
Exploring Architectures for Fast and Easy
Development of Immersive Learning Scenarios (ILS)
Rob Nadolski, Aad Slootmaker, CELSTEC, Open University of the Netherlands
Online Educa Berlin 09
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 2
Swift development of ILS
Overview
• Immersive Learning: characteristics + motives
• Shortcomings of existing platforms for ILS
• Exploration for solutions (method + findings)
• Discussion & Questions
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 3
Confucius (500 bC)
“Tell me and I will forget,
Show me and I may remember,
Involve me and I will understand ..."
Immersion
Spore
WoWwith Pulse!!!
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 4
Immersive Learning: characteristics & motives
Experiencing emotions and reasoning in Authentic Environments
Active and interactive participation
Develop conceptual understanding (practicing: models-simulations)
Ability to perform scientific inquiry
Develop understanding about inquiry (reflection + natural feedback)
Solving authentic problems
All about: Authenticity - suspension of disbelief - motivation
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 5
= realistic problem situations, where learners participate as actor and constantly are being confronted with the consequences of their actions when applying knowledge and skills in finding solutions
Authentic Environments
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 6
with Flash
(the great flue)
with Pulse!!!
with EMERGO
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 7
Shortcomings of existing platforms for ILS
Inflexible (monolithic & hard to adapt)
Not developed for supporting ILS (no educational glue)
Difficult to use (steep learning curve for all stakeholders)
Lack of standardisation
Expensive (e.g., licences)
Incomplete
Summarized: too few functionality and too high costs
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 8
Exploration for solutions: method + findings
a – wait b – explore existing platforms/engines c – built own
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
b – explore existing platforms/engines
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 9
Exploration for solutions (b) : method + findingsILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGO
SecondLife-OpenSimUnity3D GamestudioDX-studioCaspian Learning
Blender
Caspian LearningBlender
Caspian LearningBlender
SecondLife-OpenSim
Unity3D Gamestudio
DX-studio
SecondLife-OpenSimUnity
3D GamestudioDX-studio
Covered by other
Missing
Missing
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 10
Exploration for solutions – criteria (top 4)
1. Functional: enables Immersive Learning Scenarios
2. Technical openess (integration, extension, adaptation)
3. Easy authoring (draw with 2)
4. Sustainability
Other: enables contextualized learner support, performance, scalability, costs, access to technical code, development platform (C# preferably) + target platform (PC+mobile), standards compliant
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 11
Basic Architecture - blueprint
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
User input(learner, teacher)
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 12
Basic Architecture - blueprint
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 13
Basic Architecture - blueprint
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 14
Search candidates – some options
Active Worlds
Second Life
Caspian Learning
Croquet
OpenSim
OLIVE
City Pixel
Cybertown
Metaverse
IMVU
Habbo
Hipihi
Google Apps
MediaMachines
MediaGrid moove online
Ogoglio
e-Adventure
Opensimulator
Multi-verse
Wonderland
Protosphere
Quakforums
tixio
Universe
Unype
Kaneva
Whyville
Unity
EMERGO
Pulse!!!
Delta3DDreamspark
Unreal-3Gamemaker
DX-studio3D-gamestudio
Torque
SAGE-engine
RAGE SimQuest
OGRE
Spring
Sauerbraten
DX-framework
C4-engine
Jogre
Blender
DX-studio
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 15
First sifting: choose (apply criteria) & Mapping on BA
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
User input(learner, teacher)
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 16
Mapping on BA
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 17
Mapping on BA
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGO
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 18
Mapping on BA
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGO
Caspian LearningBlender
Caspian LearningBlender
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 19
Mapping on BA
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGOSecondLife-OpenSimUnity3D GamestudioDX-studio
Caspian Learning Blender
Caspian LearningBlender
SecondLife-OpenSim
Unity3D Gamestudio
DX-studioSecondLife-OpenSimUnity
3D GamestudioDX-studio
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 20
Mapping on BA
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGOSecondLife-OpenSimUnity3D GamestudioDX-studio
Caspian Learning Blender
Caspian LearningBlender
Caspian LearningBlender
SecondLife-OpenSim
Unity3D Gamestudio
DX-studio
SecondLife-OpenSimUnity
3D GamestudioDX-studio
Covered by other
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 21
Mapping on BA
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGOSecondLife-OpenSimUnity3D GamestudioDX-studio
Caspian Learning Blender
Caspian LearningBlender
Caspian LearningBlender
SecondLife-OpenSim
Unity3D Gamestudio
DX-studio
SecondLife-OpenSimUnity
3D GamestudioDX-studio
Covered by other
Missing
Missing
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 22
Discussion & Questions
Architectures for Immersive Learning page 23
Discussion & Questions
Criteria (top 4) &Basic Architecture (BA)
Technical setup BA-part(maximum: 4)
First sifting:- Criteria (top 4)à choose & - Mapping on BA
Search candidates(websites, reports)
Pilots ILS with learners & research
Second sifting: criteria (10)Deploy small example (each BA-part)
ILS-deployment-Architecture
Authoring-architecture
Authoring environment(s)ILS-engines
Storage
2D/3D GUI
Hardware (2D/3D) [graphical card]
Author input
Resource management
Rendering Engine
Saving, Loading and Logging
Communication and Collaboration services
Authorization & Matchmaking- Architecture
Admin input
Adaptive Engine (Computational Engine)
Sensors
ILS-Editor/Engine
Scenario-templates
World
Story-editor
Level-editor
Coding
AI/fuzzy logic
Model Solvers
State machine
Model-editor
AI-editor
………..
………..
World-editor
………..
Authorization&Session
………..
Matchmaking
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Rule/State-editor
Error-reporting
Error-reporting
Installer
ILS-deployment
User input(learner, teacher)
Authorization & Matchmaking
Communication
Authoring
EMERGO
EMERGO
EMERGOSecondLife-OpenSimUnity3D GamestudioDX-studio
Caspian Learning Blender
Caspian LearningBlender
Caspian LearningBlender
SecondLife-OpenSim
Unity3D Gamestudio
DX-studio
SecondLife-OpenSimUnity
3D GamestudioDX-studio
Covered by other
Missing
Missing
