International University of Business Agriculture & Technology

Environment

Pollution

A PRESENTATION ON

Bachelor of Computer Science & Engineering

Soil pollution Water pollution

Air pollution Sound pollution

Green house effect

Pollution of Soil

• What is soil pollution?

Entrance of materials,biological organisms orenergy into the soil causeschanges in soil quality andthus causes soil to removefrom its natural state is calledthe pollution of soil or landpollution.

Image 1: Soil pollution by man made waste

Image 2: Use of pesticides in agriculture

Agricultural Activity

• Farmers often use highlytoxic fertilizers and pesticidesto get rid off insects, fungiand bacteria from theircrops. However with theoveruse of these chemicals,they result in contaminationand poisoning of soil.

• Pesticides and fertilizers seepinto the ground after theymix with water and slowlyreduce the fertility of thesoil.

• Other chemicals damage thecomposition of the soil andmake it easier to erode bywater and air.

Industrial Activity

Image 3: Industrial garbage

Many industries like textile, paper, steel, sugar, petroleum, food,chemical and cement industries cause air pollution, water pollutionand soil pollution.

Wastage Disposal

Image 4: Municipal garbage

Our waste products arefull of chemicals that arenot originally found innature and lead to soilpollution. Urban waste ismunicipal garbage.

This is made up ofmaterials discarded byhomes and industry. Itcontains paper, plasticand organic materials.

Acid Rain

Acid rain is caused whenpollutants present in the airmixes up with the rain andfall back on the ground.

The polluted water coulddissolve away some of theimportant nutrients found insoil and change the structureof the soil.

Image 5: Effects of Acid Rain

Solutions of Soil pollution

Figure 1: Waste management hierarchy

The waste management hierarchy shows the options with their priorities in managing waste

1. Make people aware about the concept of Reduce, Recycle and Reuse.2. Reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural activities.3. Avoid buying packages items as they will lead to garbage and end up in landfill site.4. Ensure that you do not litter on the ground and do proper disposal of garbage.

WATER POLLUTION

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies(e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater).Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly orindirectly discharged into water bodies withoutadequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

Polluted river

Image 6:Raw sewage and industrial waste in the New River as it passes from Mexicali to Calexico, California.

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

Sewage and waste water

Marine dumping

Oil pollution

Global warming

Atmospheric deposition

Radioactive waste

Underground storage leakages

WATER POLLUTION IN BANGLADESH

(TURAG RIVER)

Image 7: Turag river in 1990. Image 8: Turag river in 2012.

Figure 3: The water pollution report of USA

WATER POLLUTION IS INCREASING

DAY BY DAY

Figure 2: Change of water quality in 1990 to 2006.

1990 to 2006 ,the water quality is running low. We can easily check the difference of water

quality in these two figures.

CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION

Recycling , Renovation , Recharge and Reuse of waste water.

Stabilization of ecosystem

Using water hyacinth to remove water pollutants

Using chemical methodsa. Ion exchangeb. Reverse

osmosisc. Precipitation d. Coagulation

Cooling methods

Air pollution means contamination . It is a global concern at present. Emitting carbon monoxide gases vehicles pollute our

city lives seriously. Besides, human waste in the open air is also the cause of serious air pollution.

AIR POLLUTION

Image 9:Air is polluted by smoke. Image 10: Air is polluted by vehicles

Causes of Air Pollution

• Burning of Fossil Fuels: Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and other factory combustibles is one the major cause of air pollution.

• Ammonia is a very common by product from agriculture related activities and is one of the most hazardous gases in the atmosphere.

• Air pollutants that are inhaled have serious impact on human health affecting the lungs and the respiratory system

Figure 11:Human body is effected by air pollution.

Effect of Air pollution

Image 12:Environment is polluted by air pollution.

Solutions for Air Pollution

1. Use public mode of transportation: Encourage people to usemore and more public modes of transportation to reducepollution. Also, try to make use of car pooling. If you and yourcolleagues come from the same locality and have same timingsyou can explore this option to save energy and money.

2. Conserve energy: Switch off fans and lights when we are goingout. Large amount of fossil fuels are burnt to produceelectricity. You can save the environment from degradation byreducing the amount of fossil fuels to be burned.

3. Understand the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle: Donot throw away items that are of no use to you. In-fact reusethem for some other purpose. For e.g. you can use old jars tostore cereals or pulses

Greenhouse Effect means the permanent rise of temperature in atmosphere around the world.

Earth’s atmosphere is slightly warmer than what it should be due to direct solar heating because of a mild case of greenhouse effect.

What is Greenhouse Effect?

Image 20 :Surface is getting warmer

The ground is heated by

visible and (some)

infrared light from the

Sun.

The heated surface emits

infrared light.

The majority of Earth’s

atmosphere (N2 and O2)

are not good greenhouse

gas.

Everyday we’re cutting

down trees that is also

responsible for

greenhouse effect.

Reasons of Greenhouse Effect

Image 21:Sources of Greenhouse Effect

The Greenhouse Effect increases the temperature of the Earth by trapping heat in our atmosphere.Less trees and more CO2 are making our globe hotter day by day.Flash floods, severe storms and droughts are sometimes attributable to climate change caused by the Greenhouse Effect.The burning of fossil fuels creates CO2 which slows the escape of heat into space.

Overall Impacts

Image 22: Process of green house effect

Image 23: factories emits smoke creating pollution

Ice are melting because of greenhouse effect

Some Pictures Of Greenhouse

Effect

Image 24: Ice melting through Greenhouse Effect

Image 25:Our land are hampered through climate change

We have to take proper steps to keep our environment pollution free

We have to plant more trees and have to prevent deforestation.We have to prevent soil pollution, water pollution, air pollution ,soundpollution and green house effect.

For reduce those pollution we have to be conscious about the environment ,and have to make awareness in the peoples mind.

Our government can take proper steps for that.

Several measures have been adopted ,suggested imposed in the industries in agriculture and urban dwellings to control the pollution.

CONCLUSION

If we do not stop this Environment

Pollution, our future will be like that

THANK YOU ALL