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Section 3:The Simple Present
By: Areej Dawoud
Examples
1. I play tennis every day.
2. The sun rises from the east.
3. The train leaves at 6 PM.
4. They like apples.
The simple present is a verb. It has only two forms: the simple form without an –s (sleep). the simple form + s (sleeps) with third person
singular subjects.
Forming the simple presentSubjectVerbSubjectVerb
IHe
YouWork SheWorks
WeIt
They
Usages of the simple present
USE 1 Repeated Actions
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens.
E.g. She walks to school.
Usages of the simple present
USE 2 Facts or Generalizations
The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is used to make generalizations about people or things.
E.g. Cats like milk.
Usages of the simple present
USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.
E.g. The party starts at 8 o’clock.
Adverbs of frequency
Examples
1. I always brush my teeth before I go to bed. 2. Ann usually has toast for breakfast. 3. Mr. Smith often goes to the park with his dog. 4. We sometimes see Susan down at the shops. 5. They rarely smoke cigars. 6. He never works on the weekend.
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of frequency Adverbs of frequency tell us how many times something
happens. Always= every day Usually= happens most days Often = many times Sometimes= at particular occasions but not all the time Rarely = it is not common Never = not at any time or not on any occasion
Adverbs of frequency come between the subject and the main verb.
SubjectAdv. Of frequency
Simple present
Ialwaysdomy homework
Adverbs of frequency with to be Examples Tom is usually very friendly. Ramon and Frank are often hungry. Ted is rarely late.
We put adverbs of frequency after the verb to be (is / are).
subjectSimple present to be
Adverb of frequency
Peter isalwaysnice
3.4 spelling of final -s & -es
VerbSpelling ExamplesPronunciationThe verb ends in the sounds /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/
+s
He likes coffee..
It sleeps./s/
ends in the sounds /b/, /d/, /g/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /r/, /v/ or in a vowel
+s
He swims.
She reads./z/
ends in /ch/, /sh/, /s/, /x/, /z/.+es
She watches TV.
It finishes at 10 p.m.
/iz/
ends con. + yDrop y, add -iesHe worries a lot./z/
ends in a vowel+ y
+sShe stays at home.
/z/
3.5 Irregular verbs
I have a job.He
She
It
has a problem.
I do the work.He
She
It
does the work.
I go to work.He
She
It
goes outside.
3.6 have (got) & has (got)
We use have (got) & has (got): For things we possess or own. I have got a car. To describe people, places, animals, and things.
She has (got) black hair. For our families and people we know. I have (got) a
son. With some expressions like the following: have got
(a cold, the flu, temperature, headache, toothache, a problem)
3.6 have (got) & has (got)
Singular
I, youhave (got)
He, she, ithas (got)a book
Plural
You, we, theyhave (got)books.
3.8 The simple present: yes / no We use do or does to make questions in the
simple present. We always use the base form after do and does.
do/doessubjectBase v.Affirm.Neg.
DoI, we, you, they
Work?Yes,
I do.
You do.
No, they don’t
We don’t
DoesHe, she, itWork?Yes, he does
No, it doesn’t
The simple present:wh- questions
Where does he live? What do they do?
We put question words (what, where, when, why, who,…) before do or does.
Frequency adverbs comes after the subject in the question.
When do you usually get up?
4.1 The present continuous We form the present continuous with the
present of verb to be (am, is, are) and the base verb + ing.
subjectTo beBase v. + ing
Iam
He, she, itisworking
They, we, you
are
4.2 The spelling of verbs ending in -ing
Verb endingRule example
Consonant + eDrop the e, add -ing
dance, comedancing
coming
1 vowel + consonant
Verbs end in w, x, y
Double the con., add –ing
Do not double the con.
sit
show
fix
say
fitting
showing
fixing
saying
2 vowels + 1 con.
Do not double, add -ing
eat
sleep
eating
sleeping
All other verbsAdd -ingtalk
read
talking
reading
4.3 The present continuous negative
To form the negative of the present continuous, we use not after the verb to be and the verb with –ing.
He is not working. You are not sleeping.
4.4 The present continuous: yes/ no questions
To besubjectBase v. + ing
AmI
Ishe, she, itWorking?
Areyou, we, they
4.5 The present continuous: wh- questions
Where, What, Why, When, How, Who I am drinking tea. What am I drinking?
4.6 Verbs not used in the present continuous
Non action verbs (describe a state or condition):
Believe hate have hear know like remember think
see smell taste think
understand want Julia has a car. Julia is having a cup of tea.
Conclusion
1. The simple present has two forms.
2. Adverbs of frequency usually come with the simple present between the subject and the verb.
3. Adverbs of frequency come after verb to be.
To practice more
www.englischhilfen.de/en/exercises/adverbs_of_frequency.htm
www.english-zone.com/verbs/freq-adv01.html
http://esl.about.com/library/grammar/blgr_adverbs_frequency.htm
Thank you