1. Presented By:Raviraj V. JakapureM.Pharm Sem IIDept Of Pharmaceutics.A seminar onRESEARCH ARTICLEFormulation and evaluation ofmefenamic acid emulgel for topicaldeliveryUnder guidance ofMr. S.P. AnantwarAssistant Professor,Dept. Of PharmaceuticsN. D. M. V. P. SS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, NASHIK.4/20/20131

2. Published in Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal( IMPACT FACTOR : 0.66 ) Production and hosting by ELSEVIER AUTHOR NAME: Rachit Khullar*, Deepinder Kumar, NimrataSeth, Seeme SainiDept of Pharmaceutics, Rayat Instt ofpharmacy, Punjab, IndiaReceived on 27 june 2011; Accepted 11 aug20114/20/20132 3. CONTENTS Purpose Introduction to emulgel Advantges , Disadvantages Important constituents of emulgel Monograph of mefenamic acid Method of preparation Evaluation Results and discussion Conclusion References4/20/20133 4. PURPOSE The objective of the study was to prepare emulgelof mefenamic acid, a NSAID, usingCarbapol 940 as a gelling agent. Mentha oil andclove oil were used as penetration enhancers.Theemulsion was prepared and it was incorporatedin gel base The formulations were evaluated for rheologicalstudies, spreading coefficientstudies, bioadhesion strength, skin irritationstudies, in vitro release, ex vivo releasestudies, anti-inflammatory activity and analgesicactivity4/20/20134 5. INTRODUCTION EMULSION GELEMULGEL4/20/20135 6. ADVANTAGES Hydrophobic drugs can be easily incorporated Better stability Better loading capacity Production feasibility and low preparation cost No intensive sonication Controlled release Patient compliance4/20/20136 7. DISADVANTAGES Drug of Large particle size NOT easy to absorbthrough skin Poor permeability Skin irritation Occurrence of bubble4/20/20137 8. Important constituents Aqueous material: Water, Alcohol Oils: IPM (7-7.5%), Light liguid paraffin (7-5%) Emulsifiers Gelling agents HPMC (2-5%), Sod. CMC(1%), Carbopol 940(1%) Permeation enhancers Oleic acid(1%), Lecithine (1%) Menthol (4-6%)4/20/20138 9. Material and methods Mefenamic acid was obtained as a gift samplefrom Lexicon Biotech Pvt. Ltd. Baddi (HimachalPradesh), Carbopol 940 was obtained from Loba chemicalsMumbai. Dialysis membrane was procured from Himedia, Mumbai All other chemicals used were of analytical gradeand were used without any further chemical 4/20/20139 10. Method of preparation4/20/201310 11. MEFENAMIC ACIDClass: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatoryAgentsChemical Name: N-(2,3-xylyl)anthranilicacidMolecular Formula: C15H15NO2.Mechanism of actionMefenamic acid is a competitiveinhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, whichare responsible for the first committedstep in prostaglandin biosynthesis.- Decreasing the activity of theseenzymes thus reduces the productionof prostaglandins, which are implicatedin inflammation and pain processes. 4/20/201311 12. Preparation of mefenamic acid emulgel Carbopol 940 Purified water GEL Span 20 Liquid paraffin OILPHASE Tween 20 Purified water AQUEOUSPHASE 1. Mefenamic acid ETHANOL 2. Methyl & Propyl paraben PROPYLENEGLYCOL Oil phase Aq phase stirring coolEMULSION GEL4/20/201312 13. Evaluation parameters Physical Examination:Appearance, colour, consitency Rheological study diagram: Skin irritation test: Undesirable skin changes inrats. 4/20/201313 14. Invitro release studies Exvivo release studies: Using wistar male rat skin4/20/201314 15. Stability studiesThe prepared emulgels were packed inaluminum collapsibletubes (5 g) and subjected to stabilitystudies at 5 C, 25 C/60% RH, 30 C/65% RH, and 40 C/75% RHfor a periodof 3 months. Samples were withdrawn at15-day time intervalsand evaluated for physicalappearance, pH, rheological propertiesand drug content4/20/201315 16. Results and discussion Physicalappearance Emulgel formulationswere yellowish whiteviscous creamypreparation with a smoothhomogeneous texture andglossy appearance. Rheologicalstudies The tests were performed at100 rpm for 10 min.Figure . Viscosity of the formulations F1F4 (mean SD). 4/20/201316 17. Skin irritation test No allergic symptoms likeinflammation, redness, irritation appeared on rats upto 24 h. Invitro release studies The study showed the release of the drugs fromits emulsified gel formulation can be ranked in thedescending order:F4 > F1 > F2 >F3 where the amounts of the drugrelease of the drug released after 240 min were56.01%, 53.48%, 52.23%, 51.21%, respectively4/20/201317 18. Figure . In vitro cumulative % drug releaseof formulation F1F44/20/201318 19. Stability studies All the prepared emulgel formulations were found to be stableupon storage for 3 months, no change was observed in theirphysical appearance, pH, rheological properties and drugcontent.4/20/201319 20. Conclusion In the coming years, topical drug delivery will be usedextensively to impart better patient compliance. Sinceemulgel is helpful in enhancingspreadability, adhesion, viscosity and extrusion, thisnovel drug delivery become popular. Moreover, theywill become a solution for loading hydrophobic drugsin water soluble gel bases for the long term stability. Topical emulgels of mefenamic acid were formulatedand subjected to physicochemical studies & can beused as an antiinflammatory analgesic agent fortopical drug delivery.4/20/201320 21. References Ansel, H.C., Allen Jr, L.V., Popovich, N.G., 1999.Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug DeliverySystems, 7th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, New York. Bonacucina, G., Cespi, M., Palmieri, G.F., 2009.Characterization and stability of emulsion gels based onacrylamide/sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate copolymer. AAPSPharmSciTech. 2, 10. Choi, H.G., Yong, C.S., Sah, H., Jahng, Y., Chang, H.W., Son,J.K., Lee, S.H., Jeong, T.C., Rhee, J.D., Baek, S.H., etal., 2003. Physiochemical characterization of diclofenacsodium loaded poloxamer gels as a rectal delivery systemwith fast absorption.Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 29, 545553. Crunkhorn, P., Mencock, S.C., 1971. Mediators ofinflammation induced in rat paw carregeenan. Br. J.Pharmacol. 42, 371402. 4/20/201321 22. CRITICISM Positive points: Hydrophobic drugs can be incorporated intoemulgels for their long term stability. Negative points: 1. Cracking, Creaming & Phase inversion ofemulsion was not focused. 2. The release of drug from prepared formulationwas not compared with marketed product.4/20/201322 23. THANK YOU4/20/201323