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Emergence of Smart e-Learning
& e-Education
Zhu Zhiting At EFQUEL Innovation Forum and International LINQ Conference 2014
Creta Panorama Hotel (Greece), 2014-05-08
Contents:
1. Emergence of Smart e-Education
2. Construction of Smart e-Learning
Environment
3. Developing Smart e-Learning Applications in
China
4. Challenges of Facilitating Smart e-Education
• IBM brought up the concept of Smarter Planet in 2008
（S. J. Palmisano, A Smarter Planet the Next Leadership Agenda）
• IBM’s vision of Smarter Planet is to build a new global
development model with advanced technology.
• With the support of new technologies, anything in the
world could be instrumented, interconnected and infused
with intelligence
• Smart education as an emerging domain
Emergence of Smart e-Education
Palmisano .S.(2008).A Smarter Planet:the Next Leadership Agenda[EB/OL]. http://www.ibm.com/ibm/ideasfromibm/us/smartplanet/20081106/sjp_speech.shtml,2012-09-01.
Smart Education as imaged by IBM
IBM, 2009, Education for a Smarter Planet: The
Future of Learning
Smart education program in Australia
https://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/global/files/au__en_uk__cities__ibm_smarter_education_now.pdf
Smart education starts in South Korea
Ecology of smart learning:
• self-paced e-learning
• virtual classrooms & webinars（Web-Based Seminar
• mobile learning
• collaboration based learning
• social learning
• simulation based learning
• game based learning
资料来源：MarketsandMarkets咨询公司：全球智慧教育与学习市场预测报告，2012-06-01
Possibly, …
Learning analytics as underlying methods
for smart e-learning
SoLAR：Open Learning Analytics: an integrated & modularized platform， 2011-07-28
Dashboard as smart e-learning analytics tools
Comprehending Smart, Intelligence and Wisdom:
A Chinese perspective
Wisdom
智慧
Smart
灵巧/机智
Intelligence
智能/智力
Smarter Education
Doing things right
Doing things
rightly
Doing right things
Enriching meaning of Smarter (1): Multiple
Intelligences
Gardner, Howard (2000). Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the
21st Century. Basic Books Inc. ISBN 978-0-465-02611-1.
Enriching meaning of Smarter (2) : Advanced to
Wisdom
• Wisdom: The ability to use your knowledge and
experience to make good decisions and
judgments (Cambridge Dictionary).
• According to Confucius, wisdom can be learned
by three methods: reflection (the noblest),
imitation (the easiest) and experience (the
bitterest) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisdom)
Enriching meaning of Smarter （3）: Wisdom as
advanced intellectual traits
The essence of smarter education is to create intelligent
environments by using smart technologies, so that smart
pedagogies can be facilitated as to provide personalized
learning services and empower learners, and thus talents
of wisdom who have better value orientation, higher
thinking quality, and stronger conduct ability could be
fostered. ( Zhu Zhiting, 2012)
A preliminary definition of Smarter Education as proposed
If you don’t quite agree upon with the definition of smarter
education, then let’s first find evidences of stupid education…
• Solely emphasizing book-based knowledge while
neglecting development of practical abilities
• …
• High costs but low performance in developing
educational informatization in schools
• It advocates personalized learning, on-demand
service, and open & democratic educational
environment
• It is facilitated by perception technology, mobile
technology, wireless technology, cloud technology
and big data technology
Smart e-learning is becoming a new paradigm for
developing educational informatization
A Framework for Smarter Education (Zhu Zhiting, 2012)
Smarter Education
智慧教育
Smart
Environment
智慧环境
Smart Pedagogy
智慧教学法
Smart Talents
智慧人才
Smart device、Smart classroom,
Smart campus,
Smart Lab, Smart
cloud
Class-differentiated instruction、Flipped classroom, Personalized
learning, Collaborative Learning,
Contextualized learning,
Ubiquitous learning, …
Goal-setting, Studying
&Exploring, Collaborating
&Creating , Criticizing
&Reflecting, Solving
complicated problems…
Educational
goals
advanced
Ideology
Technological
innovation
Significant
influences
Methodological
Innovation
Expectation
raised
Contents:
1. Emergence of Smart e-Education
2. Construction of Smart e-Learning
Environment
3. Developing Smart e-Learning Applications in
China
4. Challenges of Facilitating Smart e-Education
2. Construction of Smart e-Learning Environment
• Technological architecture of Smart
Learning Environments
• Smart Learning Space
e-Learning
m-Learning
u-Learning
s-Learning
Tri-tier architecture of Smart Computing Environment
Cloud
Computing
Fog
Computing
Swarm
Computing
And also, SDN technology matters
Smart Computing
facilitating smart e-learning
Context
awareness
Reso
urce
po
olin
g
Situation
Identification
Learning
data
Intelligent
decision
Multimode
Select
Toolkit Learning
activities
Push Service
Multiple
evaluation
Search
Identify
Resource
Delivery
Supporting
devices S
ele
ct
Process
Record
Selectively
activate
Feedback
Support
Data mining
and analysis
Push
Role Participate
Adapt
Smart e-learning system as proposed
Association
rules
Structures of Smart e-learning Environments
• Smart Device
• Smart Classroom
• Smart Lab
• Smart Campus
• Smart Educational Cloud
• Online Personal Learning Space (VPLS)
Components
Resources Toolkits Services Relations Ext’ns
个人信息
标识 偏好
兴趣 能力
学习记录
活动类
结果类
分析类
扩展
Device accessing
装备信息
位置信息
……
Personal info. Activity recordings
Learning analytics
Context
awareness
Modeling PLS and developing standards in China
PLS as a personal cloud in the ecology of
educational clouds
PLS
Smart e-Education Solution as proposed by HUAWEI
Contents:
1. Emergence of Smart e-Education
2. Construction of Smart e-Learning
Environment
3. Development of Smart e-Learning
Applications in China
4. Challenges of Facilitating Smart e-Education
105 BC 1041 AD 2010 AD
eSchoolbag & eTextbook: An emerging
technological revolution in education
Page-making Movable type
printing
1145 969
E-Textbook &
e-Schoobag
Our research: Designing e-schoolbag as a smart
learning platform
Cloud-based
resource Online
education
providers
Formal
Learning Connection
Informal Learning
Learning service platform Learning
resource
Analysis
Digital
classroom
ubiquitous
learning
Personal
ized
learning
Context model
Source: Yu Xiao Hua, 2011
Online
community
Tools
（Individual
learning）
Services
（local）
Platform
Terminal
e-Publishing e-Learning E-Textbook
e-Books
3rd party tools
3rd party
service
extensive
Optional
Kernel
Kernel
Optional
Extensive
Functional framework of e-Schoolbag systems
(Zhu Zhiting, 2012)
总体标准（指导类）
虚拟学具标准
学习服务标准
学习终端标准
电子课本标准
服务质量与管理
教育应用规范
A profile of e-Textbook & e-Schoolbag Standards
Learning service standards
e-Textbook standards
Virtual toolkit standards
e-Device standards
Application standards Q
ua
lity o
f service a
nd
ma
na
gem
ent
Arch
itecture sta
nd
ard
s
Proposal on e-Textbook Standards approved by ISO
IEC/JTC1 SC36 in 2012
Draft TR on e-Textbook is available
e-Textbook editor in developing
课后作业
学生在电子书包上做
作业
支持语音作业、手写
作业、试卷作业，以
及作业的附件上传等
e-Schoolbag used as personal smart learning platform
学生做作业
老师布置作业
家长查看孩子的作业
e-Schoolbag supports handwriting work
Application case of e-Schoolbag
The Minhang District (闵行区) of Shanghai started pilot
using e-Schoolbags in K12
• 80 classes in 40 schools (4000 students)
2012
• 160 classes in 80 schools(8000 students)
2013 • Planned to full
coverage (150000 students)
2014
Collaborative mechanisms for the Minhang pilot project
电子书包应用
教育行政部门（政策规划主体）
公司企业（技术服务主体）
实验学校（实践主体）
教育科研机构（专业引领主体）
创设环境
创设环境
专业支持
技术服务
反馈
反馈
反馈
反馈
Educational Adm.
Research force in
educational tech.
Schools
Companies e-Schoolbag
applications.
Top-level design of the Minhang pilot project
电子课本
电子书包终端
学习策略库
管理系统
学具集
资源库
标配软件
无线网络
电子课桌
教学呈现设备
Physical env.
E-Desk
Wireless
Display
Software env.
Delivery
interation
Management
Digital resource
e-Textbook
E-Resource
E-Toolkit
Application pattern Teaching model
Facilitating strategy
An implementation plan of the Minhang pilot project
Instructional applications of e-Schoolbag
案例来源： 上海市闵行区第二中学
Extending learning dimensions: Wikipedia
created by students
案例来源： 上海市蔷薇小学 What an amazing school蔷薇小学走进国际视野
Extending learning dimensions: Towards a
smart campus
Smart device for psychological testing
Smart e-Laboratory
designed by ECNU
Smart laboratory of Geography
Mobile learning from ECNU
Contents:
1. Emergence of Smart Education
2. Construction of Smart Learning Environment
3. Developing Smart Learning Applications in
China
4. Challenges of Facilitating Smart Education
My expectations on smart e-education
• Smart e-learning environment could decrease learners’
cognitive load, and thus enable learners focus on sense making
and facilitate ontology construction.
• Smart e-learning environment could deepen and extend
learners’ learning experience, and thus help learners
development in an all-round way (affectivelly, intellectually,
physically).
• Smart e-learning environment enable learners learning flexibly
and working collaboratively, and thus it could foster the
development of personality and collective intelligence.
• Smart e-learning environment could provide better learning
support tailored for learners, so that it could improve learners’
expectation
New challenge of digital education
“Wasting time is new divide in digital era”
Self-regulated learning to be facilitated
Self Regulated Learning Principles
Source: © Mohan Kumar 2012
Reflection：value-orientation is crucial to smarter education
• 96% interpersonal communication
• 93% collaboration/teamwork
• 92% creative problem solving
• 88% critical thinking
• 78% technical skills
Source: Apollo Group, Inc. In-Demand Skills Survey, December 2004
Companies’ in-demand skills
More challenges
• Challenges to pedagogical theory
• Challenges to educational technology leadership
• Challenges to teachers’ learning leadership：changing roles from a lecturer to a coach
• Challenges to educational structures
• Challenges to educational ideology
• ……
To meet the challenges, National Project for Advancing
Teachers’ Competencies in pedagogical use of ICT is
initiated by MOE in China in 2013
• Developing competency standards (mainly
undertaken by expert team from ECNU)
• Developing a diversity of training courses (27
modules proposed)
• Combining honest self-assessment with online
workshop
• Fulfilling 50 hours of training for each K12
school teachers (14 million teachers totally)
• Bigdata based evaluation of training quality
(Province-based conduction)
Enhancing
Classroom Instruction
Facilitating
Learning Innovation
Technology
Literacy
Planning &
Preparation
Organization&
Management
Assessment
&Diagnosing
Professional
Studies
The framework of National Standards for advancing
teachers’ competencies in pedagogical use of ICT in China
Zhu Zhiting, professor of educational technology and lifetime professorship owner, dean of School of Open
Learning and Education, director of e-Education Engineering System Research Center of East China Normal
University (ECNU). He is also the director of China e-Learning Technology Standardization Committee,
vice chairman of Steering Committee for e-Education in Beijing, member of Shanghai Municipal Expert
Committee of Urban Informatization, vice director & expert-in-chief of UNESCO-APEID Association
Center at ECNU, and member of editing boards of several international journals.
Prof. Zhu Zhiting School of Open Learning and Education
East China Normal University
3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai, China 200062
Email：[email protected]
Thank you very much for your attention
