Difference in Electronegativity Affects the Bond Type

Electronegativity differences between bonding elements is used to predict the bond type.

H2 – Electronegativity difference = 2.20 – 2.20 = 0 so a Covalent bond is formed.

HF – Electronegativity difference = 4.00 – 0.96 = 3.04 so an Ionic bond is formed

Ionic Bonds

• Held together by electrical attraction

•Strong; hard to break

Covalent Bonds

• Held together by shared electrons

• Not as strong

ELECTRONEGATIVITY DIFFERENCE