Text: Integrating Technology for Meaningful Learning. Grabe

& Grabe. 5th Edition, 2007. CHAPTER 4 : Using

Instructional Software and Multimedia for Content-Area

Learning

Technology for Instruction

• Computer Based Instruction (CBI) or Computer - Assisted Instruction (CAI)

• The computer acts as a tutor and is integral to classroom instruction

4 Stages of Instruction

• 1. Exposure to info & learning experiences

• 2. Initial guidance to ease student’s understanding of info and execution of skills

• 3. Extended practice to improve fluency and retention of info

• 4. Assessment of student learning

Categories of Instructional Software

• Tutorials• Simulations• Drill & Practice• Educational Games• Exploratory

Environments.

• Purpose:• present information & guide

learning• aid the adaptation of

instruction to individual needs

• provide a means to review info

• make information accessible to different learning styles by using different forms

• track/assess student performance and understanding

Simulations

• Purpose is to provide real world experiences in a controlled learning environment.

• Allows for role play and demonstration of knowledge.

• There are four stages of instruction: presentation, guidance, practice and assessment.

Drill & Practice

• Computer-based means to learn/practice/demonstrate skills such as typing, spelling, word patterns, numerical operations, etc.

Educational Games

• Designed to engage and challenge students in a competitive & entertaining format so that learning is promoted and internalized.

• Provide a means to explore, manipulate, and manage computer-based worlds.

• (AKA Intentional Learning Environments and Interactive Learning Environments)

• An application that uses multiple modes of media (i.e. visual and audio), two or more symbol systems (i.e. text and graphics), and two genres within a symbol system (i.e. video and still image).

• NOTE: Excessive text, sound and animations can result in student distraction interfering with content learning.

• Provides means to experience multimedia in non-linear form (individual words, text and audio segments, images, animations, etc.)

• Hypermedia that is composed only of text