Education and culture

By M.VIJAYALAKSHMI

Assistant Professor

Man born in a social group, inherits its

culture.

He has acquire it by self efforts through

learning.

It is ‘culture’ that differentiates man from the

rest of the animals.

Culture & its constituents

Language is the chief vehicle by which

culture is transmitted.

Home and school plays a dominant role in

imparting the culture of the group to its

members.

Cultural inheritance is otherwise referred to

as ‘Cultural Heritage.’

• Latin word – “Cultura” – means ‘to cultivate’ or ‘cultivating the mind’

Meaning

• E.B.Tylor• “Culture is that complex whole, which

includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, language, custom and any other capabilities acquired by man as a member of the society”

DEFINITION OF CULTURE

CultureMaterial aspect

(senses) Change rapidly

Non-material aspect (customs,

beliefs, traditions, values) Change

slowly

Aspects of culture

Elements of cultureFive elementsT

echnology.

Social organization.

Philosophy and social values.

Provisions for intellectual development.

Modes of enjoyment.

Characteristics of cultureCulture is universal.

Culture in Conservative and Transitive.

Culture is learned.

Culture is cumulative.

Culture is progressive.

Culture is dynamic.

Culture is diffusive.

Culture fulfills the Human needs.

• Social Inheritance• Transmittive Quality• Social Quality• Idealistic Quality• Cumulative Quality • Gratifying Quality• Adaptive Quality• Dynamic Quality• Integrative Quality• Manifestation Quality• Diffusion Quality

Characteristics of culture

Salient Features of Indian culture

Spirituality.

Simple Life & High-Thinking.

Hospitality.

Religious Tolerance.

• Unity in Diversity• Based on Indian Philosophy• Broad Based• Faith in Tolerance• Caste Bound• Implicit Faith in God• Faith in Spiritualism• Faith in the Theory of Karma• Faith in Dharma• Value System• Faith in Individual• Composite Culture

Salient Features of Indian culture

Role of Education in

Preservation, Transmission and

Promotion of Culture

• Through Education• Emphasized by Percy Nunn• Consolidate its spiritual strength,

maintain its historic continuity• Secure its past achievements• Guarantee its future

Preservation of Culture

• Child – dependent on adult and follows adult ways of behaviour

• Learn the culture of the group• Educational institutions• Family • Language• Ethics• Transmitted by every society to its next

generations

Transmission of Culture

• Need to refine it• Caste system, untouchability and child marriage• Techniques of production and technology of

agriculture• Only through Education• Creates favourable attitude towards change• School – laboratory – chemical change• Purpose of Education – Growth of culture• America – Reconstructionism – reconstruct the

culture of the world through education – Theodore Bermeld

Promotion of Culture

Impact of Indian Culture

on Education in Ancient India

as exemplified by the Gurukula system of Education

• Brahmacharya• Guru• Ashram or Barnasalai• Age limit for Kshatriyas – 8 yrs, Vaisyas – 11 yrs

and Bhramins - 12 yrs• Starts with ‘Gayathri Mantram’• No social status variation• Duration of Gurukula Education is 12 – 16 yrs• No specific time • Under the tree (Education Tree)• Vegetarian food and 2 times a day

• Dress code different for different people• Self controlled, follow simple life, respect and

help guru, no punishment, no fees• Only Guru Dhatchna• Kshatriyas – Military Education, Vaisyas –

Commerce & trade and Bhramins – Prohit

• Implicit in faith in God• Faith in Theory of Karma• Faith in Ahimsa or Non-violence• Faith in Spiritualism• Faith in Niskama karma• Altruism or Service• Sense of Duty• Respect for Person• Faith in Tolerance• Simple Living and High Thinking

THANK YOU