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INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGYSESSION 7ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY & AUGMENTATIVE COMMUNICATIONIPAD
Agenda
Project questions?
Assistive Technology and Augmentative Communication
iPad
Universal Design for Learning
• UDL based on neuroscience• each principle connects to key area of
brain• Multiple Means of Representation • To increase recognition • How a teacher prepares
UDL
• Multiple Means of Expression• To expand strategic output• Teacher plans for how students will
express learning• Multiple Means of Engagement• To enhance involvement in learning• How do we get students connected?
Assistive Technology
• Like RTI Technology has levels too• Level 1 - For everyone • Level 2 - Greater access• Level 3 - Assistive support
AT
• Allows manipulation and control of format• Offers alternatives for access• Supports multi-sensory instruction• Supports greater personal independence• Educational technology & assistive
technology are a continuum of access to learning.
Accessible Instructional Materials
• Accessible Instructional Materials • Students have a right to the same
text• Publishers are supposed to
produce digital forms• CAST has a center for AIM
Important Questions...• What does the student need to do to
participate in the classroom and achieve his/her IEP goals?
• What specifically is the student having difficulty with?
• What else has been tried?• What will be the the criteria for determining
the student’s success?• Who will be responsible for training,
monitoring, documenting, and reviewing the AT plan?
AT
• All students with a 504 or an IEP are eligible
• Assistive Technology has to be considered
• Not all qualify• IEP is written first, then look at
questions
SETT Framework
• S - Student First• E - Environment• T - Task• T - Tool• Joy Zabala - SETT Framework
the Student
• What does the student need to do?• What are the student’s special
needs?• What are the student’s current
abilities?
Environment
• What materials and equipment are currently available in the environment?
• What is the physical arrangement?• What is the instructional arrangement?• Are there likely to be changes?• Color is a powerful tool
Task
• What activities take place in the environment?
• What are the critical elements of the activities?
• How might technology support the student’s active participation in those activities?
Tools
• FINAL step• What no tech, low tech, and high tech
options should be considered when developing a system for a student with these needs and abilities doing these tasks in these environments?
• What strategies might be used to invite increased student performance?
• How might these tools be tried out with the student in the environment?
The DESE
• The Department of Elementary and Secondary Education has awesome links to information, resources and grants.
• Includes:
• CAST - Center for Applied Special Technology
• Easter Seals - allows teachers to try out technology
Mass Match
• MassMatch - initiative to get assistive technology to people who need it
• FREE to borrow from ATRC Assistive Technology Regional Centers.
National Center to Improve Practice in Special Education
• NCIP - through technology, media and materials
• take a look
Accessibility in the Classroom
• Accessibility features in Microsoft products
• Includes tutorials
UDL Toolkit
• UDL toolkit wiki • Please spend some time looking
at the resources:• graphic organizers• literacy• study skills• math• writing
National Center on UDL
• National Center• Examples & Resources• Every principle is linked to resources
& tools
Lauren Costa’s Presentation
Assistive Technology in a Severe Special Education Classroom
LAUREN COSTA, M.ED, LICSW
Definition of Assistive Technology
“Assistive technology device means any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of a child with a disability. The term does not include a medical device that is surgically implanted, or the replacement of that device.”
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Types of Assistive Technology Used
Positioning and Mobility
Communication
Sensory Integration
Leisure/Access to the Environment
Reading
Writing
Assistive Technology – Positioning and Mobility
Orthotics
Wheelchairs
Walkers & Gait Trainers
Standers
Bathroom Chairs
Recreational Seating
Orthotics
Orthosis: a brace that supports any part of the body through any of the following means:
Helps eliminate pain or further injury through immobilization
Supports non-functional parts of the body
Controls the motion of a functional body part
Common Orthotics
AFO
Body Jacket
“AFO”
Picture & Information Provided by: http://www.eagleorthopaedics.com/ortho.html
“Body Jacket”
TLSO Brace – Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Orthosis
Commonly used with children who have curvature in the spine
Halts progression of scoliosis by correcting posture by supporting the shoulders, back and abdomen
Picture Provided by: http://reflectionsonthejourneyhome.blogspot.com/2009_06_01_archive.html
Wheelchairs
Promotion of Independence
Things to consider:
Classroom layout
Safety navigating classroom & hallway
Picture Provided by: http://wheelchairassistance.com/power-wheelchair/head-controlled-power-wheelchair.php
Walkers & Gait Trainers
Walkers
Individualized support
Child uses legs to hold their weight
Gait Trainers
Equipment holds child’s weight so that child may use legs
Opportunity to move using feet
Seat, harness & accessory supports
Picture Provided By: http://tadpoleadaptive.com/rifton-pacer-medium.html
Standers
Academic Benefits
Access materials
Social Benefits
Same level as peers
Physical Benefits
Strong bones
Increased flexibility
Decreases tension & constipation
Improves breathing & digestion
Picture and Information Provided by: http://tadpoleadaptive.com/standers.html
Toileting Systems
Things to consider:
Storage
Increased time for toileting needs
Privacy Concerns
Picture Provided by: http://tadpoleadaptive.com/rifton-small-toilet-system-2.html
Assistive Technology – Communication Aids
Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC)
AAC Devices & Methodologies
Communication Aids – Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Dynamic Displays
Auditory Scanning
Facilitated Communication
Definition of Augmentative & Alternative Communication (AAC)
“Methods of communication other than oral speech that enhance or replace conventional forms of expressive and receptive communication to facilitate interaction by and with persons with disabilities who are nonverbal or have limited speech”
MA Educator Licensure and Preparation Program
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Developed in 1985 by Andrew S. Bondy, Ph.D. & Lori Frost, M.S., CCC/SLP
Intervention for individuals with autism and related developmental disabilities
Created for families, resident care providers & educators so that it may be used in a range of settings
Based on B.F. Skinner’s book, Verbal Behavior
Utilizes prompting & reinforcement strategies
Encourages independent communication
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
The Base Elements of PECS
Functional Activities
Skills & activities that lead to independence
Powerful Reinforcers
Powerful motivation that drives learning
Functional Communications
Skills that are useful now & in the future
Contextually Inappropriate Behaviors
Focus on functionally equivalent alternative behaviors
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Six Phases of PECS
How to Communicate
Goal: Approach people to initiate communication
Teach 3 Step Sequence: Pick up, reach, release
One picture at a time (no discrimination)
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZP48lxnNdHM
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Six Phases of PECS
2. Distance & Persistance
Communication Partner moves away from student
One picture taught
Variety of people, activities, locations, reinforcers involved
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tr3lQXNEcps
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Six Phases of PECS
3. Picture Discrimination
3a.Motivation to use correct picture = getting desired item & avoiding undesired item
Reinforce at first indication of choice
3b. Equally reinforcing items with correspondence checks
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Six Phases of PECS
4.Building Sentences
“I want” + reinforcer picture put on sentence strip
Entire strip given to communication partner
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Six Phases of PECS
5. Answering “What do you want?”
Leads to commenting
Maintain spontaneity
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Six Phases of PECS
6. Commenting
Answering “comment” questions: “What do you see/have/hear/fee?”
Discriminating between commenting and requesting
Maintain spontaneity
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)
Research-based Benefits
Facilitates acquisition of speech
Increases social skills during play
Improvements in behavior management concerns
Can be used with peers & siblings
System can be implemented in schools and other environments
Dynamic Displays
User selects from an array of categories of pictures for the communication of messages, ideas, wishes, comments, needs, etc.
Touch screens allow user to access a large amount of vocabulary in one device
Voice output available
Unlike PECS, the user communicates through display rather than exchange
Dynamic Displays - GoTalk
Determine communication needs, create sheets & record messages
Helpful for students with limited fine motor skills
Dynamic Displays - DynaVox
Two Successful DynaVox Users
Sara Pyszka
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlC8G5nNE7k
Augie Nieto
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDKFNqrmtZ4
Auditory Scanning
Form of dynamic display
Provides an oral choice from which the communicator can select a topic, letter, etc.
Used for those who cannot access tangible symbols, pictures, or a voice output communication device
Picture Provided By: http://mashley.net/blog.php?readpost=10
Assisted Auditory Scanning
Video of Partner Assisted Auditory Scanning
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLb6-Oi3uR0
NAME
PROJECT
DATE CLIENTDATE
Eye Gaze Boards∗ INDIVIDUAL INDICATES SYMBOL THEY WANT USING “EYE POINTING”
∗ A COMMUNICATION PARTNER WATCHES AND INTERPRETS
∗ A HOLE OR CLEAR BOARD ALLOWS THE COMMUNICATION PARTNER TO WATCH THE INDIVIDUAL’S
EYES
Date Location Communication Partner
Communication Breakdown
Resolved? How?
Communication Needs Assessments
Communication Needs Assessments
Questions to Ask
How frequently is the breakdown occurring?
Who, What, Where, When, Why?
How can we help the individual communicate? Are there systems already in place that we can add to?
How To Create Communication Aids
1. Determine the vocabulary needed to engage in communication exchange (activity, lesson, social situation, etc.)
2. Simplify vocabulary as needed
3. Provide visual supports as needed
4. Introduce, review, and practice new vocabulary in context
Facilitated Communication (FC) / Supported Typing
Individual uses pointing (pictures, letters, objects) or typing (keyboard) to express him/herself
Involved communication partner for emotional encouragement, behavior support, and physical support to assist individual in developing independence
Video of Tim Chan
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=279h9QJ9ptw
Assistive Technology – Sensory Integration
Providing students with the opportunity to experience the world in a new way
Therapy balls
Squishy items (dog toys)
Stretches
Video about Multisensory Room & Therapeutic Listening
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ip_ezmqfGo&feature=related
Assistive Technology – Leisure/Access to the Environment
Switches
Video about Switch Use
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x0CVVnw2s94&feature=related
Picture Provided By:
http://www.thesensorycompany.co.uk/catalog/ProductDetails.aspx?productID=64
Resources
PECS Website: http://www.pecs.com/
DynaVox Website: http://www.dynavoxtech.com/default.aspx?s_kwcid=TC|16134|dynavox||S|e|15960397510&gclid=CKvnu-OrgLECFUITNAodITS-Aw
Syracuse University – Supported Typing: http://soe.syr.edu/centers_institutes/institute_communication_inclusion/what_is_supported_typing/default.aspx
Resources Continued
Article about Therapy Balls: http://life.gaiam.com/article/how-sitting-ball-helps-kids-focus-and-do-better-school
iPad - a game changer
FreeTech4Teachers
Steve Jobs & Apps for Autism
60 Minutes
Links
iPodsibilities
Teaching Learners with Special Needs
Free Speech app
iPad
a blog post how iPad is used in a special education classroom
A Blog Post listing many apps
Apps Store has Special Education section
and our friend Cybrary man’s list
A handout for using iPad in the Special Education Classroom
More on the iPadLive Binders on iPad in Schools - a tremendous amount of material
Mr. G Blog iPads, Web tools, math education
a CNN report
App Smackdown
iPad Apps in School great site by Richard Byrne
Even more on the iPad
ipads in the classroom - Kathy Schrock
Moms with apps blog
Smart Apps for Kids
my Pinterest board on iPad
iPodsibilities
blog, apps review, resources
