Escuela de Agricultura del Nor oriente EANORThird fourt- MonthPractice – English VIEnginer: Osrcar Garcia

Using Quantifers and verbs

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B GRUPO 3

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Present perfec of / there is / a

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Perfct present

The perfect present is roughly equivalent to the Spanish preterite. We will see the differences in the section on uses. Overall it is a mixture between the present and the past. We used it for past actions that are important in this.

To form the present perfect, the auxiliary verb "to have" in the present and the past participle of the verb is used. For regular verbs, the past participle is the simplest form of the past. See the lesson on the simple past for more information on how to form the past.

Subject Auxiliary Short Form Past Participle

I, You, We, They have I've, you've, we've, they've

talked, learned, traveled...

He, She, It has he's, she's, it's talked, learned, traveled...

Verb Past Simple

Past Participl

e

Playbe

Playwas/were

Playbeen

Playdo

Playdid

Playdone

Playgo

Playwent

Playgone

Playmake

Playmade

Playmade

Playsee

Playsaw

Playseen

: Note that there are many irregular past participles in English. Here's a list of some of the most common irregular past participles.

•Example•Play•I've talked to Peter. (He hablado con Peter.)•Play•She's gone to work. (Ha ido a su trabajo.)•Play•We've been to London. (Hemos ido a Londres.)•Play•They've learned English. (Han aprendido inglés.)

Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to have") + "not" + participio pasado...•Ejemplos:•Play•I haven't talked to Peter. (No he hablado con Peter.)•Play•She hasn't gone to work. (No ha ido a su trabajo.)•Play•We haven't been to London. (No hemos ido a Londres.)•Play•They haven't learned English. (No han aprendido inglés.)

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to have") + sujeto + participio pasado...?

• Ejemplos:• Play• Have you talked to Peter? (¿Has

hablado con Peter?)• Play• Has she gone to work? (¿Ha ido a su

trabajo?)• Play• Have you been to London? (¿Has ido

a Londres?)• Play• Have they learned English? (¿Han

aprendido inglés?)

The perfect present for actions that occurred in a non-specific time heretofore used. The specific time is not important. Therefore, we do not usually use with the present perfect expressions of specific time ("this morning", "yesterday", "last year" ...). You can use the present perfect with no specific time expressions ("never", "ever", "many times", "for", "since", "already", "yet" ...). This concept of no specific time is quite difficult to understand, for this reason, then you have particular uses of the present perfect.formsThe present of the verb BE + in past participle is used to form the present perfect

 

+

HABLAR COMER VIVIR

hablado comido vivido

yo he

tú has

él / ella / usted ha

nosotros/as hemos

vosotros/as habéis

ellos/ ellas/ ustedes han

function

The use of the present perfect in Spanish is equivalent to using English. Used to indicate that the action or event took place in the past but still applies to this. It is very common to see the way the questions "Have you ...?"•¿Has visto la nueva película de Javier Bardém?Have you seen Javier Bardem’s new movie?•No, todavía no la he visto.No, I haven’t seen it yet.•¿Han viajado Uds. a España una vez?Have you ever traveled to Spain?•No, no hemos viajado fuera de los EE.UU.No, we’ve never traveled outside of the U.S.•Sam ha leído todo el capítulo pero no entiende el material.Sam has read the whole chapter but he doesn’t understand the material.•¿Ha ido a ver a su instructora durante sus horas de oficina?Has he gone to see his instructor during her office hours?

Future tense of , have to

[Radical change: e> ie. Irregular shapes: I have, have, have, etc. Radical irregular in the future and conditional: tendr-. Radical strong in the past: tuv-. Mandate irregular singular family: ten].

Indicativo

   English  yo tú Ud./él/ella nosotros, -as vosotros, -as Uds./ellos/ellas

Presente I have, am having tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen

Futuro I will have tendré tendrás tendrá tendremos tendréis tendrán

ImperfectoI was having, used

to have, hadtenía tenías tenía teníamos teníais tenían

Pretérito I had tuve tuviste tuvo tuvimos tuvisteis tuvieronCondicional I would have tendría tendrías tendría tendríamos tendríais tendrían

Presente perfecto I have had he tenido has tenido ha tenido hemos tenido habéis tenido han tenido

Futuro perfecto I will have had habré tenido habrás tenido habrá tenido habremos tenido habréis tenido habrán tenido

Pluscuamperfecto I had had había tenido habías tenido había tenido habíamos tenido habíais tenido habían tenido

Pretérito anterior1 I had had hube tenido hubiste tenido hubo tenido hubimos tenido hubisteis tenido hubieron tenido

Condicional perfecto

I would have had habría tenido habrías tenido habría tenido habríamos tenido habríais tenido habrían tenido

Subjuntivo

Presente I have, am having tenga tengas tenga tengamos tengáis tengan

Imperfecto2 I had, was having tuviera tuvieras tuviera tuviéramos tuvierais tuvieran

Futuro1 I will have tuviere tuvieres tuviere tuviéremos tuviereis tuvieren

Presente perfecto I have had, had haya tenido hayas tenido haya tenido hayamos tenido hayáis tenido hayan tenido

Futuro perfecto1 I will have had hubiere tenido hubieres tenido hubiere tenido hubiéremos tenido hubiereis tenido hubieren tenido

Pluscuamperfecto3 I had had hubiera tenido hubieras tenido hubiera tenido hubiéramos tenido hubierais tenido hubieran tenido

yo tengo

tú tienes

él; ella; usted tiene

nosotros; nosotras tenemos

vosotros; vosotras tenéis

ellos; ellas; ustedes tienen

Presenteyo tenía

tú tenías

él; ella; usted tenía

nosotros; nosotras teníamos

vosotros; vosotras teníais

ellos; ellas; ustedes tenían

yo tuve

tú tuviste

él; ella; usted tuvo

nosotros; nosotras tuvimos

vosotros; vosotras tuvisteis

ellos; ellas; ustedes tuvieron

yo tendré

tú tendrás

él; ella; usted tendrá

nosotros; nosotras tendremos

vosotros; vosotras tendréis

ellos; ellas; ustedes tendrán

yo tendría

tú tendrías

él; ella; usted tendría

nosotros; nosotras tendríamos

vosotros; vosotras tendríais

ellos; ellas; ustedes tendrían

Introducion to the passive voice

passive

The English passive voice is simply a verbal syntactic structure we use when we want to emphasize the complement of a sentence instead of the subject. Examples: If we are talking about the lives of crocodiles in Africa, we can say:

Crocodiles eat many zebras During the migration season.(Crocodiles eat many zebras during the time of migration.)

However, a documentary about the zebras would include the phrase:

Many zebras Were eaten (by crocodiles) During the migration season.(Many zebras were devoured (by crocodiles) during the time of migration.)

The passive is used in spoken English more than Spanish, where there are alternative ways such as using "se".

It is said that there are many thieves around here.(It is Said That there are a lot of thieves around here.)

passive

The active voice is the norm in any language. The subject of the sentence performs the action described by the verb.

He drinks a glass of water.

The passive voice is the exception, especially in Spanish it is used little, because in Spanish number of alternatives are known to passive voice, such as passive reflects.

Passive: The car was washed.Passive reflects: the car is washed.The passive voice itself occasionally sounds very rare in Spanish.A glass of milk is drunk.(By: a glass of milk is drunk.)The passive voice describes the action that the subject of the sentence "suffers" the subject of the sentence is the goal of the action, but not the person who does it. The sentence above is obvious that the glass of milk does not perform the action, is the goal of the action.In general passive or passive reflects if you do not know or do not want to say is used (because of no importance) who performs the action.Cars washed.

passive

The cars are washed.These phrases do not tell us who washes the car.Unlike passive reflects, to which you can not add the executor of the action, the passive voice can add it.The cars are washed by him.Passive can describe a process or a process result.Description of the process: The car was washed.description of the outcome of a process: The car was washed.But of course, you may not have resulted without there having been a process before.He is baptized because he was baptized.The person who describes a process forms in Spanish with the verb to be, the person who describes a state with the verb to be. English only known verb to form the passive, to be. Put another way, English is not clearly distinguish between a person who discloses a process and one that describes the result of a process. If the context does not allow to know what kind of person is the continuously used because continuous forms, as we have seen in previous chapters describe an action upon desarollarse.

Example

Paul Waters Ranch vegetables (Active Voice).Ranch vegetables are watered by Pablo (Passive Voice).

Miguel Walk the cat (Active Voice).The cat is paraded through Miguel (Passive Voice).

The cat milk (Active Voice) was taken.Milk was taken by the cat (Passive Voice).

Lupita doing homework in his notebook (Active Voice).On your notebook does Lupita task (Passive Voice)

Present perfect simple passive

Present perfect

The perfect present is roughly equivalent to the Spanish preterite. We will see the differences in the section on uses. Overall it is a mixture between the present and the past. We used it for past actions that are important in this.

Simple passive

Simple passive

The past simple passive is used in the same manner as the present simple passive, but obviously to the past. Is formed with an auxiliary verb (was / were) and a past participle.

Used when the complement of the phrase is most important when the subject does not matter or is unknown, or when it is clear without mentioning.

My car was stolen last night. (Do not know who stole the car.)

That house was built in the 1920s. (The built unidentified workers.)

Titanic was directed by James Cameron. (The important phrase is the movie.)

War and Peace was written in 1869. (We all know who wrote Tolstoy.)

Set as English equivalent to "born" verb is almost always used in liabilities.

I was born in 1982. My sister was born in 1985.

Simple passive

A literal translation would be "I gave birth in 1982." It is used in passive because it is clear that it was my mother who struggled to parirme, so she is the subject of the sentence is understood.

More examples:

Were these shoes made in Italy.

This package was delivered yesterday afternoon.

The photo was taken by my father.

Gold was found in California in 1849.

Enjoy speaking Inglés. And MOST importantly, go out and practic

past perfect tense yet already

yo cuantificotú cuantificasél/ella/usted cuantificanosotros/nosotras cuantificamosvosotros/vosotras cuantificáisellos/ellas/ustedes cuantifican

Pasado compuestoyo he cuantificadotú has cuantificadoél/ella/usted ha cuantificadonosotros/nosotras hemos cuantificadovosotros/vosotras habéis cuantificadoellos/ellas/ustedes han cuantificado

Pretérito imperfectoyo cuantificabatú cuantificabasél/ella/usted cuantificabanosotros/nosotras cuantificábamosvosotros/vosotras cuantificabaisellos/ellas/ustedes cuantificaban

Pretérito pluscuamperfectoyo había cuantificadotú habías cuantificadoél/ella/usted había cuantificadonosotros/nosotras habíamos cuantificadovosotros/vosotras habíais cuantificadoellos/ellas/ustedes habían cuantificado

Pretérito perfecto simpleyo cuantifiquétú cuantificasteél/ella/usted cuantificónosotros/nosotras cuantificamosvosotros/vosotras cuantificasteisellos/ellas/ustedes cuantificaron

Pasado anterioryo hube cuantificadotú hubiste cuantificadoél/ella/usted hubo cuantificadonosotros/nosotras hubimos cuantificadovosotros/vosotras hubisteis cuantificadoellos/ellas/ustedes hubieron cuantificado

Futuroyo cuantificarétú cuantificarásél/ella/usted cuantificaránosotros/nosotras cuantificaremosvosotros/vosotras cuantificaréisellos/ellas/ustedes cuantificarán

Futuro anterioryo habré cuantificadotú habrás cuantificadoél/ella/usted habrá cuantificadonosotros/nosotras habremos cuantificadovosotros/vosotras habréis cuantificadoellos/ellas/ustedes habrán cuantificado

Cuantifer

how much / haw many/ tu

much

some /any

Quantifiers.

In English grammar, a quantifier is a word (or phrase) which indicates the number or amount being referred to. It generally comes before the noun (or noun phrase). The chart below shows which type of noun goes with which quantifier.

However, note that some of the examples in the chart can take on several different roles within a sentence. For example, 'any' can be used as a quantifier, a pronoun or an adverb:

any as a quantifier: Have you got any tomatoes?

any as a pronoun: I don't want any of you making a noise.

any as an adverb: Can't this car go any faster?

Examples.

Must/ might

"Must" is most commonly used to express certainty. It can also be used to express necessity or strong recommendation, although native speakers prefer the more flexible form "have to." "Must not" can be used to prohibit actions, but this sounds very severe; speakers prefer to use softer modal verbs such as "should not" or "ought not" to dissuade rather than prohibit.

Examples: This must be the right address! certainty

Students must pass an entrance examination to study at this school. necessity

You must take some medicine for that cough. strong recommendation

Jenny, you must not play in the street! prohibition

Might.

"Might" is most commonly used to express possibility. It is also often used in conditional sentences. English speakers can also use "might" to make suggestions or requests, although this is less common in American English.

Examples: Your purse might be in the living room. possibility

If I didn't have to work, I might go with you. conditional

You might visit the botanical gardens during your visit. suggestion

Might I borrow your pen? request

Past simple of “can”

The verb form can in Simple Past Could and is the same for all people. As it is a modal verb, the negative form does not specify the verb to do but is formed simply by adding not, that is not contracted.

Execice.

Reported speech.

Indirect speech, unlike the direct style, do not use the quotes and need not be verbatim. In general, when indirect speech is used, the tense changes. Here you have an explanation of the changes they undergo tenses.

Sometimes "that" is used in the affirmative and negative to introduce what the other person has said phrases. On the other hand, interrogative sentences can be used "if" or "whether".

Note: Also consider that expressions change over time speech. Notice the change of time in the examples below, and then find a table with more explanations of the changes of time in speech.

Examples.

Verbs. Can.

"Can" is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or impossibility.

Examples:

I can ride a horse. ability

We can stay with my brother when we are in Paris. opportunity

She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission

Can you hand me the stapler? request

Any child can grow up to be president. possibility

Mustn´t

"Must" is most commonly used to express certainty. It can also be used to express necessity or strong recommendation, although native speakers prefer the more flexible form "have to." "Must not" can be used to prohibit actions, but this sounds very severe; speakers prefer to use softer modal verbs such as "should not" or "ought not" to dissuade rather than prohibit.

Examples:

This must be the right address! certainty

Students must pass an entrance examination to study at this school. necessity

You must take some medicine for that cough. strong recommendation

Jenny, you must not play in the street! prohibition

Have to

Have to is often grouped with modal auxiliary verbs for convenience, but in fact it is not a modal verb. It is not even an auxiliary verb. In the have to structure, "have" is a main verb.

The basic structure for have to is:

Examples.

Egrafia. http://grammar.about.com/od/fh/g/futenseterm.htm

http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/tenses/future_perfect.htm

http://www.vitutor.com/gramatica_inglesa/verbs/there_is.html

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-voice-passive.htm

http://www.grammarbank.com/present-perfect-passive.html

http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentPerfect1C.html

http://www.englishpage.com/modals/must.html

http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/reported.php

http://www.englishpage.com/modals/can.html

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals-have-to-must-not-1.htm