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Scotland has a distinctive and highly regarded tradition of education that is recognised internationally. However, while the Scottish Government has been active in formulating Digital Future strategies and open data policies, it has yet to articulate policies to support open education and open educational resources. Elsewhere in the UK, the Higher Education Funding Council for England funded a £15M (€17,5M) OER programme, which ran from 2009 to 2012. The UKOER Programme, managed by JISC and the Higher Education Academy and supported by Cetis, funded a large number of projects that released OERs, developed and embedded open practices and built capacity within institutions and across subject domains. Although restricted to the English HE sector, the UKOER Programmes demonstrated that open educational resources and practices have the potential to address current issues in Scottish education. Although no comparable funding programme exists in Scotland, a number of ‘grassroots’ initiatives are emerging from the further and higher education sector that are opening up Scottish education. In order to explore how Scotland can leverage the power of open to develop the nation’s unique education offering, support social inclusion and inter-institutional collaboration and sharing, and engage with EU open education directives, Cetis are facilitating an Open Scotland Summit, which will explore the development of open education policies and practices for Scotland. This paper will provide a critical overview of open education initiatives in Scotland in the wider context of UK, European and global developments, and present the outcomes and findings of the Open Scotland Summit.
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Open Scotland: Policies and strategies for opening up education in ScotlandLorna M. Campbell, Phil Barker, Joe Wilson, Sheila MacNeill
Overview
• Introduction to Cetis
• UK OER Programme
• Open education initiatives in Scotland
• Open Scotland aims and objectives
What is Cetis?
• Centre for Education Technology, Interoperability
and Standards http://www.cetis.ac.uk/
• A national UK technology advisory centre
providing strategic, technical and pedagogical
advice on educational technology and standards
to funding bodies, standards agencies,
government, institutions and commercial
partners.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
About Cetis
Partnership between:
• University of Bolton,
England.
• Heriot Watt
University, Scotland.
• Three staff located in
Scotland.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Cetis and Jisc
• Cetis have a long association with Jisc, http:/jisc.ac.uk
• Formerly an F/HE quango, now a charity.
• Funded Cetis as a project 2001 – 2005 & an Innovation
Support Centre 2006 – 2013.
• Provided Jisc with strategic technical input and guidance.
• Represented the Jisc community on international standards
bodies.
• Supported the Jisc development programmes.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
UKOER Programme
• Funded by HEFCE between 2009 – 2012.
• Managed by Jisc and HEA and supported by Cetis.
• Invested over £15 million.
• Funded over 80 individual projects.
• Aimed at releasing OERs and embedding sustainable open practice
in institutions.
• All resource tagged #ukoer
and deposited in Jorum
national repository
http://www.jorum.ac.uk/
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Scottish Open Education Developments
• 3E Framework
• GCU Library OER Guidelines
• MOOCs
• Re:Source OER Repository
• Curriculum for Excellence
• Open Badges
• Learner Journey Project
• Smarter Scotland Strategic Objective
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Napier 3E Framework
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Glasgow Caledonian University Library OER Guidelines
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
MOOCs
• University of Edinburgh have successfully run 6
courses on Coursera attracting over 300,000
students.
• Three Scottish HE institutions involved in
FutureLearn.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Re:Source
• A Resource sharing platform for the college sector in Scotland.
• Powered by Jorum.
• Aims to provide “…access to a rich collection of OER content from Scotland’s Colleges & related collections of interest to the FE Sector.”
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Curriculum for Excellence
• New curriculum introduced in 2010 which aims to
“ensure that all children and young people in Scotland
develop the attributes, knowledge and skills they will need
to flourish in life, learning and work.”
• Curriculum for Excellence based on developing 4 capacities,
helping children to become:
• Successful learners
• Confident individuals
• Responsible citizens
• Effective contributors
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Mozilla Open Badges
• Open Badges in Scottish Education Group supported by Jisc
RSC Scotland. http://www.rsc-scotland.org/?page_id=3068
• SQA formally announced it’s intention to work with Mozilla
Foundation and OBSEG to:
“investigate the opportunities presented by an innovative
approach to displaying individuals’ learning
accomplishments online.”
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Learner Journey Project
• Scottish Government led project aiming to:
“empower learners to make better decisions by making it easier
for them to see what they have achieved so far, what learning
opportunities are available to them and how they can get to
where they want to be in the future.”
• Commissioned Learning Journey Data Jam.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013. © Crown Copyright. OGL.
A Smarter Scotland
“A smarter Scotland is critical to delivering the
Government’s Purpose of achieving sustainable
economic growth. By making Scotland smarter, we will
lay the foundations for the future wellbeing and
achievement of our children and young people,
increase skill levels across the population and better
channel the outputs of our universities and colleges
into sustainable wealth creation, especially
participation, productivity and economic growth.”
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Open Scotland Summit
• Brought together senior
managers, policy makers
and key thinkers to explore
the development of open
education policy and
practice in Scotland.
• National Museum of
Scotland, Edinburgh, June
2013.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Open Scotland Summit
• Organised by Cetis, in collaboration with SQA, Jisc RSC Scotland and the ALT Scotland SIG
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Open Scotland Participants
• Scottish Government
• Scottish Qualifications Authority
• Education Scotland
• Scottish Funding Council
• Quality Assurance Agency
• College Development Network
• National Library of Scotland
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
• Universities of Edinburgh, Dundee, Heriot Watt, UHI, Glasgow Caledonian.
• Jisc• Jorum• Jisc RSC Scotland• Jisc RSC Cymru• OSS Watch• Nordic Open
Education Alliance• Creative Commons• POERUP Project
Lightning Talks and Case Studies
• Lightning talks on
• Open data
• Open Source in education
• MOOCs
• UKOER
• Case studies from
• Scandinavia
• Wales
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Open Scotland Keynote
“Open Education: The
Business and Policy Case for
OER”
by Dr Cable Green,
Creative Commons, Director
of Global Learning.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.© Martin Hawksey
Open Scotland Keynote
“At the heart of the movement towards Open Educational Resources is the simple and powerful idea that the world’s knowledge is a public good and that technology in general and the Worldwide Web in particular provide an opportunity for everyone to share, use, and reuse it.”
- Cathy Casserly & Mike Smith, Creative Commons & Hewlett Foundation
“the opposite of open is not closed, the opposite of open is broken.”
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
How can openness help to address strategic priorities and challenges?
• Publishing - current models for publishing research and educational content are outdated. New open models are needed. This requires changes in attitude and practice.
• Licence Restrictions – tendency to release OER under restrictive licences limiting ability to re-use & remix. Develop open policy & practice to support openness & overcome “closed minds”. But need investment to make resources open.
• Joining Up Open Practice – pockets of good practice across Scotland that need joining up, e.g. public libraries.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
How can openness help to address strategic priorities and challenges?
• Quality Assurance – lack of quality assurance still a concern. Need to move from “not invented here” to “proudly borrowed from there”.
• Learners as Co-creators – how can we engage learners?
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
• “The Big Ticket” – how can opennes address government strategic agendas: post-16 education, knowledge transfer, curriculum change, school – college – university articulation.
How can openness help to address strategic priorities and challenges?
• Change Management – sector is undergoing
period of massive change, unsettling for staff, but
change also presents opportunity for radical new
developments.
• Curriculum for Excellence– changing the way
children think and learn. Can open resources help
prepare colleges and universities for this change?
• FE Funding Cuts– massive cuts in FE sector.
More students and fewer staff. How can colleges
make better use of?EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
An Open Declaration for Scotland?• Took Paris OER Declaration as a
starting point.
• Declaration a “good thing” but too limited in scope.
• Scottish declaration should focus on open education more widely.
• Contextualisation required. Need to provide evidence of declaration’s statements in action.
© UNESCO
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Open Scotland Actions
• Action 1 – Establish working group, similar to the Nordic countries, to stimulate open education research and inform future Government white papers.
• Action 2 – Learn from nations that are further ahead of Scotland in promoting the open agenda. Work with the other devolved nations in the UK.
• Action 3 – Use the working group to focus on key Government priorities and agendas, e.g. learner journeys, articulation, work based learning, knowledge transfer.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Open Scotland Deliverables
• Key Deliverable 1 - Position paper providing evidence of the benefits of openness with examples of how these can impact on Government priorities.
• Key Deliverable 2 - A Scottish Open Learning Declaration.
• Key Deliverable 3 - Government policy on open education. This will require stakeholder groups to state how they will engage with and contribute to the implementation of the policy.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Progress
• Less progress since June than hoped.
• No funded remit to devote resource to Open Scotland.
• Key staff unavailable.
• Loss of momentum.
But…
• Open Scotland blog launched http://openscot.wordpress.com
• Encouraging developments e.g. SQA Open badges announcement.
• Continued interest in open education.
• Willingness to engage.
EADTU Conference, Paris, October 2013.
Licence
Open Scotland: Policies and strategies for opening up education in Scotland
by Lorna M Campbell, [email protected] of Cetis http://www.cetis.ac.uk is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/