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E-LEARNING AND VIRTUAL CLASSROOMSIssues and Considerations
DEFINING E-LEARNING
Online learning, used before e-learning, was defined by Elliott Masie as
“the use of network technology to design, deliver, select, administer, and extend learning” (Cross, 2004, p. 104).
E-learning was first used in late 1997.
There is no single or static definition for e-learning.
E-LEARNING DEFINITION ACTIVITY
In your partner groups:
1. Read the article “Defining eLearning.”
2. Summarize the different definitions.
3. Pick the definition you think is best.
4. How does your selected definition compare and contrast with Masie’s definition of online learning?
Masie’s Definition of Online Learning:
“the use of network technology to design, deliver, select, administer, and extend
learning”
E-LEARNING TERMINOLOGY
What terms are synonymous (or nearly so) with e-
learning?
How do these terms have different meanings?
How do these terms overlap? When do you prefer to use one term over
another?
RETHINKING THE “E” IN E-LEARNING
Elliott Masie (2010) suggests shifting the use of “e” as electronic to:
Everywhere Everyone Evolving Effective
Efficient Every time Embedded Engaging
What do you think?
DEFINING E-LEARNING
How do YOU define e-learning?How will WE define e-learning?
What are defining characteristics of e-learning?
E-LEARNING AND INTERACTION
Henderson (2003) outlines three basic styles of e-learning interaction
Synchronous learning Self-directed learning Asynchronous (collaborative) learningWhat are some potential advantages and
disadvantages of each style?Which styles of interaction would work for us? Which would not?
E-LEARNING AND COMMUNICATION
Asynchronous
Synchronous
• Email• Listservs• Discussion
Boards• Blogs• Wikis• Webcasts
(Recorded)
• Instant Messaging (1-to-1)• Text Chat Rooms (Many-to-
Many)• Teleconferences• Video Chat• Screen Sharing• Webinars (Live)Other?
E-LEARNING AND COLLABORATION
How do various communication methods support collaboration?
What else do we need for successful collaboration to occur?
DEFINING INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN
What is instructional design (ID)?
“A system of procedures for developing education and training curricula in a
consistent and reliable fashion” (Reiser & Dempsey, 2012, p.
8)
What ID models do you use?
Do you have a systematic process that you use when planning instruction? What is it?
Dick and Carey Systems Approach
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODELS
ADDIE: Analyze Design Develop Implement Evaluate
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODELS
Evaluate
Analyze
Design
Develop
Implement
Reiser & Dempsey (2012) suggest that any instructional design should:
Be student centered Be goal oriented Focus on meaningful performance Assume outcomes are measurable
in a reliable and valid way Be empirical, iterative, and self-correcting Be a team effort
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN ESSENTIALS
TECHNOLOGY AND LEARNINGHow will we leverage technology to enhance learning?
What are our learning goals?
Who are our learners?
What technology will be available?
INSTRUCTIONAL MODES & MEDIA
Instructional Delivery Modes = Communication Elements
Instructional Media = Materials/Means that Deliver Instruction
Examples: Lectures Internet Books Video
Charts/Graphs Video Conferencing Drawings/Illustrations Podcasts/Vodcasts
Animations Tutorials Games Presentations
Interviews Webinars Screen Capture Simulations
Text Graphics Audio
Other?
MEDIA & COGNITIVE LOAD THEORY
“Rich media will benefit learners only to the extent that its capabilities are
harnessed in ways that support human learning processes” (Reiser & Dempsey, 2012, p. 310).
Dual-Channels Principle Limited Capacity Principle Active Learning Principle
Remember to keep the learner at the center, not the media!
MANAGING VIRTUAL COURSES
Organization & Structure
Communication Expectations & Policies Resources & Technology
TEACHING VIRTUAL COURSES
Managing virtual courses involves structuring courses to maximize learning.
Teaching virtual courses involves engaging students to maximize learning.
How can we best engage students?
REFERENCES Callahan, S. (2008 February 11). Collaboration framework [Blog post]. Retrieved from
http://www.anecdote.com.au/collaboration_diag_b2.jpg Clark, D. R. (2010). Defining eLearning. Retrieved from
http://nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leader.html Cross, J. (2004). An informal history of eLearning. On the Horizon, 12(3), 103-110. E-learning (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved May 29 2013 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-learning Henderson, A. J. (2003). The E-learning Question and Answer Book : A Survival Guide for
Trainers and Business Managers. New York: AMACOM. Kelly, R. (Ed.). (n.d.). 11 strategies for managing your online courses. Retrieved from
http://www.facultyfocus.com/wp-content/uploads/images/report-11-strategies-for-managing-online-courses1.pdf
Masie, E. (2012 August 15). The fading “e” in e-learning [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://trends.masie.com/archives/2012/8/15/737-the-fading-e-in-e-learning-good-morning-america-and-midt.html
Reiser, R., & Dempsey, J. (2012). Trends and issues in instructional design and technology (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.