Submitted by :

The faults which are visible after dyeing are called Dyeing faults . These

faults descries the quality of the fabrics . So to overcome from this faults

we have to know the causes and the remedies of these dyeing faults .

Faults in Dyeing SectorFaults in Dyeing Sector

Knit Dyeing Faults

1. Dyeing Hole2. Running Shade 3. Dye Spot4. Uneven shade 5.Batch To Batch shade Variation 6.Roll to roll shade Variation7. Crease Mark8.Softener mark 9.Soda Spot 10.Oil Spot 11.White Spot

Knit Dyeing Fault

Knit Dyeing Fault

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

99

1010

1111

1 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010

1111

Causes:1. Dye bath water hardness. 2. Deposition of ferrous or ferric ion on the fabric surface 3. Defective plaiting device of the machine.

11 2 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111

Causes:

I.Change in pick-up percentage along the length of the

fabric .

II.Improper fabric Speed.

III.Machine over-loading.

IV.Running at lower nozzle pressure .

V.High bath draining temperature .

VI.Improper cycle time .

VII.Improper length of rope .

11 22 3 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111

Causes:i.Operator negligence

ii.Dye bath hardness

iii.Improper Agitation of dyestuff

iv.Dye molecule deposition on the fabric

11 22 33 4 55 66 77 88 99 1010 1111

Causes:i)If uneven pretreatment is done, absorbency and whiteness of fabric will be different at different places and consequently uneven dyeing will occurred.

ii) Very rapid addition of dyes and chemicals.

iii) Lack of controlling dyeing machine like- - Machine speed. - Temperature of the process. - Dosing time. - Circulation pump and reel speed. - Plaiting device. - M:L ratio. - Improper washing after dyeing.

11 22 33 44 5 66 77 88 99 1010 1111

Sources & Causes:1.Fluctuation of Temperature.2.Improper dosing time of dyes & chemicals.3.Batch to batch weight variation of dyes and chemicals.4.Dyes lot variation.5.Improper reel speed, pump speed, liquor ratio.6.Improper pretreatment.

11 22 33 44 55 6 77 88 99 1010 1111

Sources & Causes:

I. Improper dyes solubility.

II. Hardness of water.

III. Faulty m/c speed, etc.

IV. Poor

V. migration property of dyes.

11 22 33 44 55 66 7 88 99 1010 1111

Sources & Causes:

I. Poor opening of the fabric rope.

II. Shock cooling of synthetic material.

III. If pump pressure & reel speed is not equal.

IV. Faulty plaiting device.

V. For 100% cotton, if GSM>180, unbalanced structure,

presence of lycra, not properly heat set increase the

tendency to crease mark formation.

VI. Variation of heating & cooling rate.

VII. - More cycle time, more time fabric will be in folded

condition increase tendency

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 8 99 1010 1111

Sources & Causes:

I. Improper mixing of the Softener.

II. Improper running time of the fabric during

application of softener.

III. Entanglement of the fabric during application of

softener.

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 9 1010 1111

Sources & causes:

I.Soaping start before wash

II.CaCO3 or MgCO3 in soaping bath.

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 10 1111

Sources & Causes:

I.More oil & grease use the wheel, roller bearing into place.

II.To stay unclean the m/c.

III.Be decay the roller.

IV.Fabric waste.

11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 1010

11

Sources & causes:

I.Hardness of the Dye house Water

II.Improper Mixing of Dyestuff

III.Temperature Up Down

IV.Sedimentation of Dyestuff

1. Long mark2. Loop mark 3. Brush problem4. Dhappa spot 5. Uneven even hairiness 6. Yellow spot 7. Water spot8. Iron spot 9. soda spot10.Out color 11.Lycra out12.Enzyme dust 13.Fly we 14.Patta fault

Ballooning shape. Radish shade. Squeezer mark. Dia mark. Dirty spot. Compaction /Press mark. Compacting hole. Crease mark. Calendaring crease. Oil Spot. Improper shrinkage. Bowing Crease Streak

HAIRINESS = Re Enzyme / light Enzyme Wash /normal wash on the dye bath

Oil SPOT= Use thinner and spot lifter for stripe or coloar

BOWING= Use Weft Stratiner divice (Mahalo/Bainco /paliva ) before Stanter .

SOFTNESS = Use good quality softner in every stage like Dyeing, stantoring , padder

SOIL SPOT= Re Wash in the Winch dyeing Machine

Dappa = Stripping of the fabric change padder pressure of Stanter

SIDE MARK (Calendar) = Re Calendar or cut the fault area

GSM HIGH = Send it to compactor run the machine With under feed the fabric

GSM LOW= Send it to compactor run the machine With overfeed the fabric

DYEING HOLE = Stripe carefully for light fabric and demeniralized the slub fabrics

COLOR SPOT = Stripping the fabric and re dyeing

CREA SEMARK = Calander or Compaction

UNEVEN SHADE = Stripping and re dyeing

RUNNING SHADE = Use yellow softner or Blue softner or redyeing if reject

DIA UP DOWN = Use compactor or Stanter