Intro to Durable & Scalable mLearningInge (Ignatia) de Waard

New technologies, new pedagogies

Mobile devices, mobility, social media, MOOCs…

We are all in this together

One person no longer knows, we need to team up to grow stronger, get the best results.So let’s get together and strengthen our community.

http://mobimooc.wikispaces.com (OER on mLearning and growing)

Getting the most out of it

Think up mLearning actions as I give this 30 minute intro

Download this presentation later on, fill in template.

This workshop 90 minutes… building mLearning takes weeks, so be sure to share your mLearning need/goal.

Hope: that this workshop and information is useful

So link to the slide, download it, connect with questions, join the mLearning community and share what you learn.

General stuff

Build on Your Strengths

Plan & Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

Definition: how do we define mLearning?

Mobile/ubiquitous/e-learning … in the end it will become learning again.

It is not only about devices, it is also about us learners becoming mobile. In this new world, all of us have become nomads (again), traveling further than our ancestors, for a variety of reasons.

Mobile learning: "learning across multiple contexts, through social and content interactions, using personal electronic devices" (Helen Crompton, 2012).

Devices

Wide range of devices that can be used for mobile learning purposes: eBooks (mostly written information, some pictures), camera’s (for media content, contextualized media), mp3 players (recording audio data, audio instructions or content), …. cell phones (knowledge exchange, sometimes mobile web), smartphones (mobile web, mobile applications), tablets (all sizes and operating systems), notebooks and netbooks (small portable laptops) …

mLearning inside of the Learning Environment

Where do you see it? • As an add-on, • As a stand-alone, • Do you have preferred embed options?

– authentic learning – in the field, content creation– serious mobile gaming (DragonBox - algebra)– Homework at a distance – Pre-requisites, extra exercises….

Mobile Learning Curriculum Framework in progress

General stuff

Build on Your

StrengthsPlan &

Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

What is it you have, that gets added value in adding mLearning

• What are the existing strengths of your learning architecture and approach? (collaboration, diversity, online options, prior projects, expertise in all or some of technology, education, development, community building…)

• What are the needs? (what is not addressed with the solutions you have or can be optimized?)

• What are the dilemma’s or opportunities / map possible areas of resistance or eagerness?

• Has one person from your group dived in (informal try-out)? why/why not? Can you build on this experience?

You know what works

• Communication = mobile devices: simple phone calls work for learning/exchanging knowledge

• Sms and/or e-mail are simple, yet functional also with mobile phones• People/learners use their phones for sharing pictures, ideas… these skills can be used in a

course related learning dynamic• BYOD, smartphones,….• Mobile social media that your personnel uses already…

Observe your learner audience and how they/YOU use their phones

General stuff

Build on Your Strengths

Plan & Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

What to consider when embedding mLearning into existing learning

Answer to the need, but build for the future:• Go step by step: slowly adding complementary, autonomous,

adaptable pieces of the overall learning puzzle (first one: priority need or eager target population)

• Build from simple to complex, get buy in from all stakeholders• Participatory evaluation and development• Prepare for perpetual beta: Solutions of today might not be

there tomorrow: build your learning solutions so they can be adapted easily (or replaced in small pieces).

• Extra costs for the end user (e.g. BYOD = cost, dataplans)

Target population

Get the full picture of your target population:• personal/professional needs• infrastructure (connectivity, devices)• time at their disposal (cater for balance)• Motivation, their goal?

What type of learning interactions do you have in mind?

• One to many (cfr. Teacher in front of classroom, or computer aided learning, or one peer teaching others) => delivery/transformative

• One to one (e.g. more close tutoring or mentoring type of learning, one person per device…) => scaffolding/authentic/just-in-time

• Many to many (e.g. social peer-to-peer learning or collaborative learning, where everyone builds on each others strengths and experiences, one shared device by many) => collaborative/peer scaffolding/tutor=guide-on-the-side.

Each learner interaction demands another learning approach => other mLearning options. Learning actions point towards instructional design choices.

10 steps towards a mLearning strategy5 core elements:• 1. What is the goal of the mLearning project?

2. Get all the stakeholders involved.3. What are your planned learner dynamics.4. What is the (mobile) infrastructure like in the target area you will be rolling out your project?5. What is the mobile situation for your target audience? What is their preferred learning dynamic?

Knowing the above steps, you can get more practical:• 6. Security can be an issue (confidential information?)

7. What will be the core devices you will cater for? BYOD/BYOT or not?8. How will you design the content? Authoring tools or programming or social media or peer created?9. What are your strategies for mobile content delivery ?10. What is an mLearning content user allowed to do? User policies?

More elaborate: http://ignatiawebs.blogspot.it/2012/06/drawing-up-mlearning-strategy.html

Implementing mLearning has multiple factors, but taking the first step is simple

Do not take my word for it, look at your learners, look at what you do already. Try it!

General stuff

Build on Your Strengths

Plan & Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

No one stop solution – only multiple organic structures

• Different people => different mobilities• Different countries/regions => different infrastructure• Different circumstances => different needs• Different history => different pedagogies/cultures

Central question: Does it add value to the learner/target audience? If the community isn’t interested, …

you didn’t come up with the right solution YET!

Ethics, trust and respect

How does your mobile project impact your target group? Are there ethical implications to consider?Is certain content filtered or censored in certain areas? Do you reach the variety of groups you want to (age, gender, minority groups), are the included?

Do you include gatekeepers?

Is YOUR region/content on the Web?

With the rise of the cellphone, regions that were never connected before suddenly were able to tap into the Web => great! BUT…

Downside => the content written on the Web for years is mainly driven by those regions having had access to the internet for a longtime.

Þ Language domination: EnglishÞ Content domination: Northern

It is important that the Internet becomes a mirror of content, languages, thoughts from all of us. Creating content is key => OER

Allow serendipity to emerge:Belief in learner experience: m-edupunk

21th century learning is social and collaborative, trusting the existing knowledge that resides in all adult learners

You are the experts, mLearning is only a detail

Do you really know what learners want?

Learning is: personal (motivation), informal (the learner chooses), chaotic (looking at masses of info, to curate what you need), so design most of mLearning, but leave room for mobile educational punk (m-edupunk) to appear, plant a seed or take a walk on the wild side.

Let the learners come up with an mLearning idea that helps them.

21st century: meta design & skillsDesign: applications are out there, solutions are out there: create a learning environment that incorporates the learning options there are based on the learning affordances that fit your audience with your audience.

You do not need to invent new stuff or invest in expensive solutions that need to be developed. Use what is out there in a creative, pedagogically sound way.

Digital skills: curating content, critical thinking, using technology… this strengthens and empowers any student to become a lifelong learner.

General stuff

Build on Your Strengths

Plan & Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

Technical factors to consider• Connectivity to mobile operators (alternatives: traveling/mobile wifi

service for content synchronisation, mini SDcards) • Connectivity to mobile internet (alternative offline solutions)• Stable electricity (alternative: solar panels or mobile upload stations)• Phone diversity (go for standards) • Total cost for the end user in every particular setting (big differences)• What is used in a specific region, (sms, mobile internet, …)

Each setting has its own challenges, map them from early on based on personal and peer experiences.

How far do you want to go?

• Simple sms learning (Frontline sms)?• Geo-located driven learning?• Augmented learning (Wikitude, Junaio, … nice

augmented for teaching app Ariane)?• Games for learning (nice android based development

from New Zealand)?

Is this feasible? Developing time, devices…

BYOD or ‘this-is-it’BYOD – Bring Your Own Device: BYOT – Bring Your Own Technology:• Difficult to provide content crossplatform• => use standards (html/CSS), mobile web. • Is more durable, demands mobile skills from

developer.

‘This is it’ – learning for one device • easier to provide manual/training• Higher developing cost (uni department?)• Difficult to make scalable/durable

Differences in design and longterm (services)

Think additional mobile supportIn some cases it is not enough to think about the mobile devices themselves. Possible additions:

• A solar panel for areas without electricity

• A wireless router, for communities without internet connection (or mountainous areas)

• Mini Sdcards: for extra storage/memory

• TV + cable: to show your mobile content to many people/team

Select relevant tools with the right educational benefits and extra’s.

Mobile enabled social media tool

Why use it Knowledge Age Challenge Addressed

Blogs (Examples: wordpress, blogger, posterous)

To reflect on what is learned, or what the learner thinks is of importance.Keeping a learning archive.Reflecting on the learning itself.Commenting on content.

Self-regulated learning.Lifelong Learning.Becoming active, critical content producer. .

Discussion enabler: Listserv (Examples: google groups, yahoo groups) 

This type of online tool uses e-mail to keep everyone informed. With many of the listserve’s you can choose how you want your mails to be delivered (e-mail digest: e.g. immediate, once a day, once a week), which adds to self-regulated learning. Generating and maintaining discussions.Getting a group feeling going via dialogue.

Enabling dialogue.Collaboration.Self-regulated learning. Informal learning. 

Social Networking  (examples: Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn)

Building a network of people that can add to the knowledge creation of the learner.

Enables networking. Collaboration.Enabling dialogue. Informal learning.Becoming active, critical content producer.

Link to Google document with more social media tools

General stuff

Build on Your Strengths

Plan & Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

Scalable and durableScalability• Fit it into real life Mobile Learning Curriculum needs

and overall Learning strategy• Pilot simple: answer small, urgent, local needs: adaptation will be multiplied =>

simple start = low cost• Scale up: external or internal development• Participatory approach with eye for local solutions, evolutions and opportunities• Always design for language/accessibility

Durability• Keep solutions needs based within overall, longterm strategy• Cost to get to the content: who covers it (dataplans, wifi…)?• Will your approach last through different mobile generations, (html/css, text =>

simple and standard)?• Are the course locations/discussions beta dropout proof?

Build mobile learning motivation

• Earn as you learn (e.g. participants/teams/communities can get something, but they have to learn/work for it)

• Allow Champions or Big Watusi leaders to emerge (those learners that add content that makes a difference)

• Offer badges to allow your learners/communities to show off what they have learned (e.g. Open Badges Mozilla)

Different situations / different emphasis

• Classroom: safe and comprehensible => merging of the classroom with private interests (avoiding privacy, bullying)

• Corporate learning: just-in-time => merging corporate info with mobility and rapid changing world (up-to-date information)

• Factories/laboratories: Qrcodes, augmented reality…• Organizations: own interest (my interest: health, innovation)• Fun/hobbies: treasure hunts, games, personal social information (foursquare,

augmented information)

We are all in this together! Connect across disciplines.

Go GlocalEd

Use human resources and technical solutions from those regions to create your courses (computer science is taught around the world, small businesses are launched everywhere).

These offer integrated, local solutions:• In-country solutions (existing

mobile solutions: mobile payment, micro-credit…)

• Win-win situation: walk the talk & exemplary labor

Hello to dear friends from IPH in picture.

Build generic, interchangeable block’s

A generic design for• Just in time learning (e.g. Qrcodes, immediate labor action rollout /

dissemination of priority information…)• Continued education (e.g. after face-to-face or after course, possibly connect it

to spaced education, paper of CME here)• Group training (e.g. provide wifi router, a television hook-up (great for team

discussions in lower resource areas …)• Ubiquitous learning (using standards: e.g. html5 & CSS free course)• Specialized learning (augmented learning, mobile games…)

Use specific yet generic mLearning building blocks to cater to future demands and realities.

Addressing disabilities/learning preferences

• Text-to-speech• Adding subtitles to animations, movies… (blogpost

on a possible way to add subtitles)• Offer different media for different learner preferences

General stuff

Build on Your Strengths

Plan & Organize

Diversifying 4 Human Nature

Technical considerations

Online Community:

Tech + Human

Getting Practical

Crowdsourcing learners: iSpot

Nature is all around us … what do we see?Take a picture, upload it … and others will tell !

Overview of the iSpot development steps here

Crowdsourcing your learnersCrowdmap from Ushahidi

• http://www.slideshare.net/AnahiAyala/ushahidi-and-crowdmap-training

Adding authentic content in situQrcodes (barcode reader)

Practical examples• in the lab (how to work a machine)• More content on object: bio diversity recognition (more

information on a tree, bush, stone…)Quick job aid on QRcodes here

Opening up existing eLearning platformsUsing a LMS? Mobile options

Blackboard, etc has mobile options (growing in functionality and design).Atutor is mobile and accessible.Most LMS’s are now mobile accessible, but Moodle is free and community supported so zooming in on this. Some Moodle apps per mobile device family• Android app (some tweeking)• Windows app • mTouch for iPad, iPod, iPhone

Creating mobile or ubiquitous contentMobile authoring tools

• ReadyToGo• Raptivity html5 sets• RapidIntake mobile learning

studio• GoMo learning from epic• Articulate has mLearning

output options

Develop it yourself using html5 and CSS (free)

Remember mLearning design: prepare content for mobile delivery

• Make sure your content fits mobile delivery (e.g. no flash, deliver for the biggest common denominator screen size, cell or smart or …?)

• Set up mobile design guidelines for your institute, this will make your courses stronger at each iteration, or after each course evaluation (e.g. no complex graphs, provide mp4 videos, deliver sms…).

• Have a look at PortableApps for social media locations.

• Smashing Magazine has a nice list of mobile design lists

Prerequisites/self-assessments on the go => mobile quizzes

Lots of options• Free option: google docs +

spreadsheet + Flubaroo• Paid option: mobile enabled

quiz/survey software (e.g. Articulate).

• Blogpost for free option (internet enabled phones): http://ignatiawebs.blogspot.it/2012/07/create-mobile-quizzes-free-paid-options.html

Share latest updates ubiquitouslySet up a mobile blog / mobile wiki

What do you need:• A blog or mobile wiki (e.g.

posterous or picowiki - http://www.picowiki.com/ )

• Content that was designed to fit mobile delivery

• Mobile devices that can access the mobile internet

• Mobile internet coverage

• Posterous is e-mail based.

Developing content updates for continued and spaced education

RSS or Atom can be used to deliver updates – learners have to be initiated in how to use RSS feeds. What do you need:

– Database + simple queries– Questions and answers– Mobile multiple choice questions/survey

Paper on some mobile CME design.

Mobile Clicker system: survey Qrcode using formsite.com / SurveyMonkey / website/LMS polling

system

Go to the form here:http://fs10.formsite.com/formulierenITG/form266/index.html

Possible downsides:• Cost of software (institutional survey software?)• Students need to be able to connect to the internet (wiki?)• Live feedback requires internet as well

https://mobimooc.wikispaces.com/clicker+demo+south+africa+UP

For later readingsmall letters and too much on slides!

mLearning books (yes, small text)Free eBooks on mLearning: #mLearning series of UNESCO. • Great list here: http://moblearn.blogspot.it/2012/06/top-m-learning-reports-of-2012.html • #2012 publication focusing on eBooks and eReaders for eLearning can be found here (pdf) the book is a publication from University of Wellington,

New Zealand.• #2012 Seven mLearning scenario’s for adult education. The book can be downloaded here

http://www.mymobile-project.eu/IMG/pdf/Handbook_print.pdf • #2012 The NMC Horizon Report > 2012 Higher Education Edition is a collaborative effort between the NMC and the EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative

(ELI), an EDUCAUSE Program. The nice thing about this 42 page publication is that it looks at probable implementation of new and upcoming learning technologies (games, augmented reality, gesture based computing...). To get this free publication you do have to register for an account, but it is worth it! You will also be able to keep updated on future publications, and more excitingly to give your feedback on upcoming drafts.

• # 2011 Mobile Toolkit the Italian center in Turin, ITC-ILO comes up with a ready to use mobile toolkit for developing or rural regions. They have created a mobile toolkit written by the formidable Jennifer Parker which allows anyone to step up to the plate and launch their own mobile learning initiative. you can also download a version here.

• #2011 mobile and women report on opportunities of women in low and middle income countries, published by GSMA.• # 2009: Mobile Learning: Transforming the Delivery of Education and Training, edited by Mohamed Ally, published at AU press.

# 2009: New technologies, new pedagogies: Mobile learning in higher education from the University of Wollongong includes faculty development, specific discipline examples and design principles. This is available as a free PDF download.A nice free open eBook on mLearning build at Graz University of Technology in Austria.

• mLearning books to buy:# 2009: Mobile Learning Communities: Creating New Educational Futures by Patrick Danaher, Beverley Moriarty, Geoff Danaher, a Routledge publication covering communities, along with other topics such as globalization, lifelong learning, multiliteracies, and sustainability; concluding with creating new educational futures.# 2009: Researching Mobile Learning: Frameworks, Tools and Research Designs from Peter Lang Publishing Group, which sets out the issues and requirements for mobile learning research and presents efforts to specify appropriate theoretical frameworks, research methods and tools.A definite read: # 2005: Mobile Learning: A Handbook For Educators and Trainers by Agnes Kukulska-Hulme and John Traxler.#2009 A more expensive book, yet worth a buy if you have a budget: Innovative Mobile Learning: Techniques and Technologies by Hokyoung Ryu and David Parsons containing 414 pages.# 2008: Handbook on Mobile communication studies by James E. Katz.

e.g. mLearning projects• Combining mobile devices for other purposes (e.g. mobile

ultrasound, mobisante) with mobile learning (e.g. telemedicine on delivery and maternal health),

• Data research: using offline/online mobile data software options (e.g. survey-to-go blogpost),

• Mobile course using mobile social media to enhance collaborative learning (with adding alternative options: solar panel, WiFi router): collaborative learning based on cloud course locations, chosen based on learning benefits (list of social media and their learning benefits can be found here),

• Cater to different levels or target groups within your project: e.g. ITM’s diabetic project (Cambodia, Congo, Philippines) based on Frontline => 3 levels (patients, health care workers, managers)

• Get a global audience involved using a diversity of mobile options using Crowdmap based on African Ushahidi (diversity of mobile content addition options, interesting for gathering global data)

• Using new educational formats to integrate mobile learning - MobiMOOC: e-mail (listserv’s), social media, exchanging/creating content, grouping similar profiles…

Feel free to have a look at these MobiMOOC mLearning projects

A list of mLearning projects made by MobiMOOC2012 participantshttps://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/mobimooc-projects • Augmented reality• Health• Animal rescue• Indigenous people and culture• Making school content mobile accessible…

Build with this simple mLearning templatehttps://docs.google.com/document/d/1wYdM4tyj_Z4V7yu-XPuMu0vc91XlviGoWGcXKPscmqo/edit

5 ways to strengthen BYOD community

• Ask learners to take a picture/record a movie (e.g. Qik) of a famous landmark of their own country/region, or their front door (easy and fun) and load it to a central location via e-mail (I would recommend Posterous for this, easy and quick).

• Asking learners to share their wildest mLearning dreams (a good way to stretch the possibilities and let them know the scope and opportunities of mLearning).

• Ask them to share the URL of their mobile learning device details (this gets learners interested in the details of their own mobile device, it is techy, but will get them aware of the tech details and on how to choose future mobiles. A great step towards a general mobile device tech session: wifi, pixels, bluetooth...). This will also allow you to get some idea of the variety and most common mobile devices for your course.

• Organize a fun contest (e.g. the first one to get 3 mobile media types uploaded gets a box of Belgian chocolate)

• Set up a Crowdmap, this is an easy and mobile friendly (tweet, phone call, sms) worldwide map based on the wonderful Africa Ushahidi principle. It allows people to use their phone to simply add content to the map, which pinpoints their location at the same time. The only thing you need to ask them is to share something that is contextual to all: e.g. their favorite local recipe, the best mobile store in their neighborhood, ...)

• More: http://ignatiawebs.blogspot.it/2012/06/5-ways-to-strengthen-byod-mlearning.html

Ready to make it happen?

Join the upcoming 4 day European mLearning workshop in March 2013 (if you are interest express your interest here: http://goo.gl/gaWjK ). MobiMOOC: an open, online course on mobile learning: Open Educational Resources here

Collaboration is always inspiring and motivating!

Thanks to inspiring colleagues• This presentation first started during a workshop in Italy, so thanks to all of the

ILO/ITC Turin, Italy mobile learning workshop thinkers for adding ideas, but now it grows thanks to University of Pretoria. So thanks to Jacqueline Batchelor, Adele Botha, John Traxler, Tom Wambeke, Robin Poppe, El-Marie Mostert, Dennis Kriel and Linda Venter for getting my thoughts structured… YOU and the list is ever growing.

• MobiMOOC: an open, online course on mobile learning: Open Educational Resources here

• Collaboration is always inspiring and motivating!

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Contact me, here & now !

E-mail: ingedewaard (at) gmail.com

Blog: ignatiawebs.blogspot.com

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Publications/presentations: http://www.ingedewaard.net/pubconsulpres.htm