The Future of Open Cultural Heritage? LIS 670 Cultural Heritage Description and Access

Dr. Cristina PattuelliSpring 2014

Laura Brown, Ellie Horowitz, Emory Johnson, Meredith Powers, Sarah Quick

agenda➔ Introduction

Mission and scope of Europeana, DPLA, and Bibframe

➔ Knowledge Structure + Organization➔ Intended User Communities + Outreach

Who is served by these initiatives? How?

➔ Challenges➔ Looking Ahead

Mission: DPLA & Europeana

Launched in 2008, Europeana aims to “create new ways for people to engage with

their cultural history, whether it's for work, learning or pleasure.”

European Commission

Officially established in 2013, the Digital Public Library of

America “...strives to contain the full breadth of human

expression, from the written word, to works of art and

culture, to records of America’s heritage, to the

efforts and data of science…”

dp.la

Bibframe Objectives

➔ Differentiate between conceptual concepts

and physical manifestations➔ Unambiguously identify information entities

(authorities)➔ Leverage and expose relations between

entities

European Data Model (EDM)

A few requirements:

➔ Distinguish “provided objects” (painting, book, movie, etc.) from their

digital representations

➔ Distinguish object from its metadata record

➔ Support for contextual resources, including concepts from controlled

vocabularies

Core Classes

EDM has three core classes that represent the data:

➔ edm:ProvidedCHO - The provided cultural heritage object, such as a painting or sculpture

➔ edm:WebResource - Digital representation of the object➔ ore:Aggregation - Demonstrates that the CHO and web resource can be represented as a whole

source: http://pro.europeana.eu/documents/900548/

770bdb58-c60e-4beb-a687-874639312ba5

Europeana Contextual Classes

➔ edm:Agent

➔ edm:Event

➔ edm:Place

➔ edm:TimeSpan

➔ skos:Concept

source: http://pro.europeana.eu/documents/900548/770bdb58-c60e-4beb-a687-874639312ba5

Source: http://dp.la/about/map

Metadata Models: DPLA Domain Model v.3

How is Europeana Using Linked Open Data?

September 2012:

Europeana opened up a dataset of over 20 million cultural objects for free re-use under a Creative Commons CC0 Public Domain Dedication

Goals:

➔ Economic: to provide “a new boost to the digital economy”

➔ Cultural: demonstrating a “move away from the world of closed and controlled data”

source:http://vimeo.com/36752317

How is DPLA Using Linked Open Data?

January 2013:

DPLA decides to apply the Creative Commons CC0 Public Domain policy

Goals:

➔ Interoperability

➔ Collaboration: creating a linked web of cultural heritage, not data silos

Source: http://exhibitions.europeana.eu/exhibits/show/europe-america-en

BIBFRAME LOD Models

Source: http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/marcld-report-11-21-2012.pdf

BIFRAME: Authority XMLID: http://example.org/b208aa59-e767-b54d-e0d2-c40b024d1dcb

Type(s)http://bibframe.org/vocab/Person

bf:hasAuthorityhttp://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/

n79034525bf:authorizedAccessPoint

Leonardo, da Vinci, 1452-1519bf:authoritySource

http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names

Outreach: Europeana

Goals of Europeana Awareness:

➔ Increase publicity (to users, policy makers, politicians and cultural heritage institutions)

➔ Encourage use for hobbies, research, learning, genealogy and tourism.

➔ Encourage cultural institutions to provide content

Project Examples ➔ Denmark - Europeana awareness

in the secondary education system

➔ United Kingdom - Family history roadshow working with schools

➔ Poland - Collection days to generate new content and digitize private archives relating to the regime change in 1989

Outreach: DPLA

➔ DPLA Fest:

- annual event open to the public

➔ Community Reps Program:

- enlists enthusiastic volunteers nationwide to disseminate information about DPLA in various cultural heritage and LIS environments

➔ Event-based outreach:

- wikipedia edit-a-thons using DPLA as a source

- classroom activities with students and teachers using DPLA materials

- workshops integrating DPLA into existing school projects

- hackathons

➔ Open API

➔ Appfests and hackathons

Created for DPLA Appfest 2012, DPLAMap displays DPLA content related to user location. (http://inkdroid.org/dpla-map/)

Openness: DPLA

http://dp.la/appsExamples of DPLA Apps

Openness: Europeana

How is Europeana’s open API being used?

➔ Hispana➔ Polish Digital Library Federation➔ Casual Curator app ➔ ATHENA➔ Digital Humanities Observatory

Source: http://labs.europeana.eu/

Example

source: http://labs.europeana.eu/apps/hispana/

Challenges

BIBFRAME➔ Expensive to implement/use➔ Software companies have no incentive to create

specialized software➔ Small libraries with smaller budgets often cannot use

DPLA & Europeana➔ Balancing access and copyright➔ Reaching intended user community

The Future of Open Cultural Heritage?

The utility of DPLA and Europeana will only

increase as more people use and engage with its

materials.

BIBFRAME provides a new, rich vocabulary for

LOD resource description — its data has the

capacity to link to other vocabularies, building new relationships and

new knowledge.

References

Abbott, F. (2014, April 28). Community reps: A handy guide to who they are and what they are doing. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/I5zoRj

Action Group (n.d.) Action promotes campaigns across Europe to digitise historic memorabilia for future generations. Retrieved May 13, 2014 from http://www.actionprgroup.com/1268.html

DPLA. (2013 February 8). Metadata application profile, version 3. Retrieved from http://dp.la/about/map

DPLA. (n.d.). About. Retrieved April 9, 2014 from http://dp.la/info/

DPLA. (n.d.). API codex: philosophy. Retrieved April 9, 2014 from DPLA Policies: http://dp.la/info/developers/codex/policies/philosophy/

DPLA. (n.d.) Apps. Retrieved April 18, 2014 from http://dp.la/apps

Europeana. (n.d.) EDM. Retrieved April 25, 2014 from http://goo.gl/wZvqQQ

Europeana. (n.d.) EDM. Retrieved April 25, 2014 from http://goo.gl/M3827E

Europeana. (n.d.) Labs. Retrieved May 13, 2014 from http://labs.europeana.eu/apps/hispana/

Library of Congress. (2012). Bibliographic framework as a web of data: linked data model and supporting services. Library of Congress. 1-41. http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/marcld-report-11-21-2012.pdf.