Medical Diagnosis and Analysis

Abhinandan Patni 10BCE1003

Priyank Trivedi 10BCE1073

Tejaswi Agarwal 10BCE1105

Zeon Trevor Fernando 10BCE1113

Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai

As a subfield in artificial intelligence, Diagnosis is concerned with the development of algorithms and techniques that are able to determine whether the behaviour of a system is correct.

If the system is not functioning correctly, the algorithm should be able to determine, as accurately as possible, which part of the system is failing, and which kind of fault it is facing.

The computation is based observations, which provide information on the current behaviour.

Some Basic Terminology

The expression diagnosis also refers to the answer of the question of whether the system is malfunctioning or not, and to the process of computing the answer.

This word comes from the medical context where a diagnosis is the process of identifying a disease by its symptoms.

Some basic terminology(contd)

About the project

We will focus on how improved representation of clinical knowledge and sophisticated problem-solving strategies has advanced the field of artificial intelligence in medicine.

We will therefore describe the behavior not of a single existing program but the approach taken by one or another of the many programs to which we refer.

Our purpose is to provide an overview of artificialintelligence in medicine to the physician.

Design and Methodology

This project is designed to serve as a consultant to the physician which contains certain basic features.

It has a store of medical knowledge expressed as descriptions of possible diseases.

Depending on the breadth of the clinical domain, the number of hypotheses in the database can range from a few to many thousands.

The project will be able to match what is known about the patient with its store of information.

Implementation

1. For each possible disease (diagnosis) determine whether the given findings are to be expected.

2. Score each disease (diagnosis) by counting the number of given findings that would have been expected.

3. Rank-order the possible diseases (diagnoses) according to their scores.

Description

Steps 1 through 3 contain a primitive evaluation of the available information.

Based on this analysis, the program aims to pin-point a disease, or in many cases, point to the possible diseases or disorders that the patient is affected by.

LimitationsIt does not take into account how frequently particular features occur in a given disease.

The program, furthermore, has no knowledge ofpatho-physiology and is not able to predict the severity of an illness.

The most serious problem is that each new finding sets into motion a search process tantamount to considering all disease states appearing in a textbook of medicine.

Thank you