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Do Social Casino Gamers Migrate to Online Gambling?
International Gambling ConferenceAuckland, New Zealand
February 11, 2016Hyoun S. (Andrew) Kim.
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Disclosure and AcknowledgementsDisclosure:This research was funded by a grant from the Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre.
Acknowledgments:Dr. Michael Wohl – Carleton UniversityMelissa Salmon – Carleton UniversityDr. Rina Gupta – Queen’s UniversityDr. Jeffrey Derevensky – McGill University
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Social Networking
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Social Network and Gambling
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Social Casino Games
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Social Casino Games• Casino-styled games on social networking sites.• No-real money wagered, players cannot ‘cash out’• Operate on a freemium model.• Can also play on mobile platforms (phones, tablets).
Gainsbury, Hing, Delfabbro, & King, IGS
Online Gamblers Social Casino Gamers0
20406080
100120140160180200
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172
Social Casino Gamers vs. Online Gamblers
Users (in millions)
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500 Million purchase of
Merged with
90 Million purchase of
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Play for Free to Pay to Play
Social Casino Gaming Online Gambling
The Morgan Stanley Report (2012)
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“I didn’t understand how I got from one place to another
place, from playing for fun to being in trouble”
Kim, Wohl, Gupta, & Derevensky, JBA
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Why Might Migration Occur?• Normalization
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Why Might Migration Occur?
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Why Might Migration Occur?• Normalization• Distorted perception of skill/odds• Enhancement• Micro-transactions
Griffiths, WOG; Sevigny, Cloutier, Pelletier, & Ladouceur, CiHB
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Present StudyParticipants: 409 community social casino gamers who have never gambled online (recruited via Mturk).Design: Longitudinal (six-month).Predictors:
- Time spent- Skill building- Enhancement- Microtransactions
Kim, Wohl, Salmon, Gupta, & Derevensky, JoGS
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73
Participants who migrated to Online Gambling (Six-months)
Gambled Online Did Not Gamble Online
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Descriptive CharacteristicGender: 17 males, 9 female.Ethnicity: 25 Caucasian, 1 South Asian (India).Employment: 20 full-time, 4 part-time, 2 unemployed.Marital Status: 15 in a relationship, 10 single.Gambled: 19 yes, 6 no.
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TimeSpent Skill-building Enhancement Micro-transactions0
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1.16 1.01 0.69
8.16*
Predictors of Migration
Odds Ratio
Predictors
Odd
s Rati
o
*p< .01
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CaveatsGambling problems: Did not assess, whether participants who migrated became regular gamblers.Other predictors: Dispositional characteristics?Bright side of micro-transactions: Harm-reduction.
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Social Policy ImplicationsRegulation: Operates under a ‘best-practices’ framework.Education: Should players be warned about potential harms of engaging in micro-transactions?Advertising: Ubiquitous, word of mouth is one of the biggest reasons how social casino gamers get introduced to social casino games.Promotions: Should operators be allowed to offer specials for credits?
Do Social Casino Gamers Migrate to Online Gambling?
Kim, H. S., Wohl, M. J. A., Salmon, M. M., Gupta, R., & Derevensky, J. (2015). Do social casino gamers migrate to online gambling? An assessment of migration rate and potential predictors. Journal of Gambling Studies, 31(4), 1819-1831.
Hyoun S. (Andrew) Kim, MAUniversity of Calgary
